flouride and democracy
for more on FLOURIDE V. DEMOCRACY
http://www.inlnews.com/FLOURIDEandDEMOCRACY.html
The history of the fluoridation of water supplies and the dental benefits are open to much scrutiny.According to the Independent newspaper in Hervey Bay on 24/1/13,a leading doctor for the state of Queensland stated
“it is the safest and most effective way of improving the dental health of Queenslanders”.
I would like to challenge this assertion with a litteny of facts which raise concerns for not only the dental health benefits,but health in general as a direct result of fluoridation.
Fluoride comes in many forms,and is in fact not registered on the periodic table which classifies chemical substances.The “name” fluoride,can refer to many various substances-calcium fluoride,sodium fluoride,hydrogen fluoride,lead fluoride,aluminium fluoride, but to name a few.The important thing to remember is that in whatever form a substance takes to use the term fluoride,it is a combination of chemical compounds and substances.
The only naurally occurring fluoride is calcium fluoride(CaF2),which occurs naturally in water but is not soluble.It is not added to our drinking water,and in fact it is illegal to do so.
Sodium Fluoride is the name given to inorganic chemical compounds(NaF).This is what is added to our water.It is soluble and therefore dilutes in water.The additive in our water in Hervey Bay is Sodium Fluoride in the form of “fluorosilicic acid”.
Just to clarify further,Sodium Flouride can be in two forms-Pharmaceutical grade,and Industrial grade.As you would expect,Pharmaceutical grade refers to a controlled combination of substances.Think of men in white coats,beakers,bunson burners and the like.
Industrial grade Sodium Flouride is another matter.As flourosilisic acid(H2SiF6),this industrial grade of sodium fluoride is what we are drinking.Where does it come from?It comes from industry as a bi-product(waste) from several industries-Fertilizer,Aluminium,and Weapon manufacturing to name a few!It is not treated/sterilized/processed before being added to our water.
This additive comes from an industrial process which results in a waste product that is then sold to municipal councils so it can be disposed of in-wait for it-HUMAN BODIES!! The majority of fluoride ends up down our drains,on our garden,and in our food production.
“Fluoride” is a misnomer-there is no such substance listed in the periodic tables as stated earlier,instead we find a gas called Fluorine.The use of this gas in various industries listed above results in certain toxic byproducts which are created in these processes.One such toxic byproduct is called Sodium Fluoride,and it has to be one of the most remarkable substances ever produced.Here are some of its applications-
*Major additive in rat and cockroach poisons
*active ingredient in toothpaste
*ingredient in anesthetics, and hypnotic, psychiatric drugs such as Prozac
* ingredient in sarin nerve gas
*additive in drinking water to alleviate tooth decay
Getting interesting,isn’t it!
Fluorine gas is one of the most active,most aggressive,reactive elements in the periodic table.In other words,it is a very dangerous,toxic substance.
Fluoursilisic acid therefore is a chemical cocktail from industrial manufacturing processes which originate from a gas that is extremely dangerous and toxic.
I HAVE ONLY ONE QUESTION-WHAT IS IT DOING IN OUR WATER SUPPLIES!!
Amongst the chemicals found in Fluorocilicic acid,we find the following:
*Cadmium
*Arsenic
*Mercury
*Lead
*Sulfates
*Phosphates
*Radionulides(radioactive particles)
How did this substance ever get to be added to our drinking water?Lets get a history lesson which will clarify the matter.After the second world war aluminium production took off in a big way in America.But this industry had many problems.One of these was an increasing number of health problems from people living near these plants.Fluorine emissions in particular caused many people to lodge court cases against these plants(Alcoa),and most of these were settled out of court.An Alcoa chemist,Gerald J Cox,proposed that Fluoride waste helps dental health and it should be added to drinking water.This was in 1939.Studies conducted to investigate a relationship between dental health and fluoride were financed by the fluoride producing industries.It is not surprising then that a favourable relationship was established. America started fluoridation of its water supplies with waste chemicals from industry!Fluorosilicic acid is composed of tetrafluorosilicate gas and other species of fluorine gases captured in pollution scrubbers and concentrated into a 23% solution during wet process phosphate fertilizer manufacture.Generally,the acid is stored in outdoor cooling ponds before being shipped to local councils to artificially fluoridate drinking water.Fluoridating drinking water with recovered pollution is a cost effective means of disposing of toxic waste.The fluorosilicic acid would otherwise be classified as a hazardous toxic waste on the Superfund Priorities List(USA) of toxic substances that pose the most significant risk to human health and the greatest potential liability for manufacturers.During the 1960s,there became a shortage of sodium fluoride from the aluminium industry,and with the help of the EPA(Environmental Protection Agency) in America,fluorosilicic acid was transformed from a concentrated toxic waste and a liability into a “proven cavity fighter”.The EPA and the US Public Health Service waived all testing procedures and-with the help of the American Dental Association(ADA)-encouraged cities to add the radioactive concentrate into America’s drinking water as an “improved” form of fluoride!We here in Australia are upholding this HERE IN HERVEY BAY!!The first three cities to be fluoridated in America were Grand Rapids,Michigan,Newburgh,NY,and Evanstan,Illinois in 1950.
What is the process in Australia?Well it appears we the people have no say in the fluoridation,or mass medication through our water supplies.Local councils are informed by state governments that fluoridation is to occur.No consultation whatsoever is sought between you and I as to whether we would like to be medicated.State governments advise councils that on a certain date fluoride will commence,and that all the infrastructure necessary to implement this will be installed at the water treatment plant by this date.The only choice open to a council is who will pay for this installation?Accept the state governments offer,and there will be no expence incurred to local council.If a council rejects the proposal,the state government will install this infrastructure anyway,then bill that council for the cost.There is absolutely no discussion on the merits of fluoridation,just an acceptance that this practice is beneficial to ones dental health.Recent changes have been implemented in Australia that now give local councils the ability to repel fluoridation ,and therefore remove it from our water supplies.Cairns have acted on this change in policy,and have decided to cease fluoridation.Hervey Bay Council has announced it is to continue fluoridation,once again doing so with no consultation with you and I.Read on to see why we should all be concerned with there decision.It should be noted that ALL maintenance to fluoridate our water supply is at the expence of the Hervey Bay council,and ultimately,ratepayers!
HEALTH CONCERNS FOR FLUORIDATION OF WATER SUPPLIES
As is all the information herein,none of this information is based on my opinions only,they are all based on freely available FACTS.Do your own research and then make your own mind up as to the course of action you and your family are willing to take.From hereon,I will refer to our fluoride additive in Hervey Bays water(fluorosilicic acid) as SF.
The two ways we apply SF :
SYSTEMIC refers to ingestion through water,and
TOPICAL,as in external application from toothpaste.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(USA) has now acknowledged that the mechanism of fluoride’s benefits are mainly topical,not systemic.There is no need whatsoever,therefore to swallow fluoride to protect teeth.
If you look into toothpaste with SF,there is a warning about ingesting toothpaste,particularly for the young.
Ingesting SF is a practise that has spawned a pandoras box of cricisim which governments and most dental practitioners ignore.
*SF, when ingested at ANY LEVEL acts as a neurotoxin which directly affects the pineal gland in the brain as well as the central nervous system.The Pineal gland is a pine cone shaped gland of the endocrine system.It is situated near the center of the brain,between the two hemispheres.It is also known as the third eye.Functions of this gland include-secretion of the hormone melatonin
-regulation of endocrine functions
-conversion of nervous system-endocrine system signals
-causes feeling of sleepiness
-influences sexual development
SF has been proven to infiltrate the blood-brain barrier,and therefore affects and accumulates in the pineal gland.It causes calcification of this gland.Brain studies indicate SF can lower IQ’s,promote lethargy,apathy,and in addition it directly has a negative affect on our thyroid gland.If you look up treatment for hypothyroidism(over active thyroid),you will find one treatment is to administer fluoride tablets!In other words,this treatment verifies that SF reduces the thyroid production of hormones.
Dr Pyyllis Mullenix,an EPA toxicologist in a review in 1995 noted that fluoride has been listed among 100 chemicals for which there is “substantial”evidence of developmental neurotoxicity.In total,there have now been over 100 animal experiments showing that fluoride can damage the brain and impact learning behaviour.Dr Mullenix was fired from her position as Chair of Toxicology at Forsythe Dental Center for publishing her findings on fluoride and the brain.
*SF is a great concern when you ingest as heated or boiled water.As water is boiled,steam is produced,which therefore increases the proportionate amount of SF in the water.Every time you make a cup of tea or coffee for example,you are receiving additional parts per million of SF through the water.The major concern with this fact is in bottle fed babies-baby formula made with fluoridated tap water.Mothers milk has 0.004% fluoride which occurs naturally .When a mother makes her baby formula with fluoridated water,300% more fluoride is consumed by that baby .The American Dental Association distributed a November 6,2006 email alert to its members recommending that parents be advised that baby formula should be made with “low or no fluoridated water” due to findings that it would cause dental fluorosis later in life!!Unfortunately,the ADA has done little to get this information into the hands of parents.WE HAVE DONE THE SAME HERE IN AUSTRALIA.
*The EPA(Environmental Protection Agency)in America warns to keep toothpaste away from children under 6 years of age.If swallowed,they recommend to contact the poison control center,or seek medical advise.
*There are links to bone cancers,athsma,kidney damage and brain damage as stated previously-In 2000 the senior vice president of the EPA in America recommended a study be done “to investigate the cancer link between water fluoridation by the addition of fluorosilicic acid or sodium silicoflouride(another additive from industry) in the water.He recommended toxicity studies be undertaken.This has not been implemented.
*Two reasons given for fluoridation are the reductions of both tooth decay and fluorosis(pitting or discoloration of tooth enamel).It is a fact that both these major reasons are false.The rates of fluorosis have increased in every area that fluoridation has been done.In America 41% have fluorosis,NZ 30%.Tooth decay has not reduced as a result of this process.Without getting into a discussion into the merits of this assertion,I will point out a few facts :
-The WHO(world health authority)statistics report that the rates of tooth decay
have been declining between 1970-2010 at the SAME RATE in
fluoridated or unfluoridated countries.In other words,there is no evidence that
fluoridation is effective in lowering tooth decay!
-Information from Colgate states that fluoride “is a naturally occurring element
that strengthens teeth”,and that “fluoride that is swallowed enters the
bloodstream and becomes part of the permanent teeth as they develop”.Why
then have we not seen a decrease in dental cavities and fluorosis in fluoridated
area’s that surpass the unfluoridated area’s?
*The Center for disease control in America reported in 2005 that fluoridation caused irreversible discoloured teeth in 33% of children
*National academy of sciences USA reported that fluoridation is:
-a potent hormone disruptor which affects teeth,bones,thyroid,lowers IQ,
especially in children.
*Bob Canton,a former EPA scientist in USA stated Fluoride “is a cumulative
poison”,which leeches into our bones and pineal gland in particular.
*Since 1994,six studies have shown adverse affects on the brain from fluoridation in drinking water,even at optimal levels of 1 part per million.Symptoms found included hyperactivity,autism,ADHD to name but a few.
*In 1990,Dr William Marcus,senior scientist at EPA(US),was fired for exposing a coverup in a government study showing clear evidence that fluoride causes cancer.
In 1992 Dr Marcus was vindicated when an Administrative court Judge, David A Clark ordered the EPA to give him back his job-EPA then shredded all documents relating to the information which Dr Marcus exposed.
*Paul Connett PhD,is a noted advocate of the anti fluoride movement.He states that fluoride is a poor medical practise in that you cannot control the amount of SF which individuals may ingest.He also states that there is no such thing as a LACK OF FLUORIDE.No doctors monitor us for fluoride levels,and they are certainly not trained to look for any symptoms of fluoride toxicity.Due to the method governments use when adding fluoride to our water,we are deprived of our right to INFORMED CONSENT TO MEDICATION.No government should force medications on populations,especially for a NON-CONTAGIOUS,NON-LIFE THREATENING DISEASE!!!
*Going back to the article in the Independent Newspaper,we were told that there was “no evidence to show fluoride,in the amounts used in water supplies has any detrimental health effects”.This I absolutely agree with.The reason why I agree is because in all countries who fluoridate their drinking water there has never been a study done regarding health effects from ingesting industrial grade SF.All countries that fluoridate have never done any testing on SF,except for Pharmaceutical grade,WHICH IS NOT PERMITTED BY LAW TO BE PUT IN OUR WATER!!
*Put simply,SF is not necessary.Most industrialized countries have rejected water fluoridation,but have nevertheless experienced the same decline in childhood dental decay as fluoridated countries.(once again-according to WHO).
* THE WORLD AND FUORIDATION
-97% of Western Europe has rejected,banned or stopped fluoridation
-Only 5% of the worlds population is fluoridated
-The Danish Minister of Environment recommended against fluoridation in 1977
because ‘no adequate studies had been carried out on its long-term effects on
human organ systems other than teeth and because not enough studies had been
done on the effects of fluoride discharges on freshwater ecosystems’.Here are just
some of other countries fluoridation stances:
-China Banned‘not allowed’.
-Austria Rejected:Toxic fluorides not added
-Belgium Rejected:encourages self-determination,those who want fluoride
should get it themselves
-Finland Stopped-do not favour or recommend fluoridation of drinking water.
A recent study found no evidence that cavities are increasing
-Germany Stopped.Study has found no evidence of cavity increases
-Denmark Rejected-toxic fluorides have never been added to the public water
supplies in Denmark
-Norway Rejected-drinking water should not be fluoridated
-Sweden Banned-not allowed.No safety data available
-Japan Rejected-may cause health problems…the o.8-1.5mg level is for
calcium-fluoride,not the hazardous waste by-product which is added
with artificial fluoridation.
-America 66% of America is fluoridated.This amounts to 50% of the worlds
people who are fluoridated.
*The main countries that have large amounts of calcium fluoride occurring naturally in their water are China and India.The health problems as a result are catastrophic,and they actually have a programme to REMOVE calcium fluoride before letting people consume this water.Just because a substance is NATURAL does not mean it is good.Lead,arsenic and mercury are also natural.
(6)HOW DID A TOXIC WASTE PRODUCT GET IN OUR WATER?
Starting in America,the Industries involved in producing this industrial grade waste were able to dispose of their waste at a huge profit instead of spending a huge amout of money to safely dispose a waste that their EPA rates at the highest level of toxicity.This was achieved by proposing they sell their waste to local councils for inclusion in that areas drinking water.By selling this waste,it then becomes a PRODUCT,and any product in the marketplace is not subject to any environmental laws governing disposal of toxic or hazardous materials!!!You can see now why the push to fluoridation was generated not by dental and health concerns,but by industrial and economic factors.We should investigate whether Australia follows suit with this strategy,and owing to the huge fertilizer and alumunium producers located here,I cannot see any reason to doubt that we too follow suit.
(7)For a thorough understanding of the fraud that is fluoridation,I recommend the following two documentaries as a start-
*The fluoride deception –Christopher Bryson
*Firewaterfilm -Australian doco
Please watch them in the order they appear.Find out the history of this practise first,then in firewaterfilm you will see first hand some of the results and practices in Australia of fluoridation.
IN CONCLUSION,WE CAN SEE THAT:
We are being medicated against our will with a toxic industrial waste byproduct for a health disease that is neither life threatening or contagious, for a benefit that is patently non existent.There is no way of controlling the doses consumed,and most scientific estimates say we have 8-10ppm being ingested through all the foods we consume which are also laced with fluoride as SF.Until local councils can produce evidence that conclusively prove the dental and health benefits from this practise,we should demand an immediate halt to fluoridation.Long live Democracy,its good to know that our opinions and concerns are important with decision makers in local councils,state and federal governments.
Oh yeah,I almost forgot-remember the three cities in America that were the first to receive fluoridation back in 1950?Well,recent statistics available now show that the number of dentists per 10,000 people in America are as follows :
UNFLUORIDATED CITIES…………..52 Dentists
FLUORIDATED CITIES………………76 Dentists
GRAND RAPIDS,NEWBURGH,
AND EVANSTAN,USA………………..122 Dentists!!!!!!
If when reading this article you find it difficult to follow or understand,or if you couldn’t care less,and you believe what authorities tell you,maybe,just maybe,you already suffer from fluoride toxicity and have become the good citizen that proponents of fluoridation want as a result of this practise.(THIS COMMENT IS MY OWN PERSONAL OPINION,AND IT SHOULD NOT BE LABLED AS FACT,UNLIKE EVERYTHING ELSE PRESENTED ABOVE)
“YOU CAN FOOL SOME OF THE PEOPLE SOME OF THE TIME,BUT IF YOU SAY IT OFTEN ENOUGH YOU WILL FOOL MOST OF THE PEOPLE MOST OF THE TIME”(Anon)
GET OFF YOUR COMBINED BACKSIDES AND MAKE A STAND.TELL EVERYONE YOU CAN TO STUDY WHAT FLUORIDATION IS ,AND LOBBY OUR LOCAL COUNCIL MEMBERS TO CEASE THIS PRACTISE IMMEDIATELY.
SO,IN CONCLUSION,WHAT DO WE DO?
*Send this information to as many people as possible
*Organize a demonstration outside Hervey Bay council chambers,where we
should object to this mass medication,and demand immediate removal
from our water supplies.
*Once this date is organized,all who receive this email will be informed
REMEMBER,50 PEOPLE DEMONSTRATED OUTSIDE CAIRNS MP OFFICE PROTESTING AGAINST FLUORIDATION OF CAIRNS WATER SUPPLY.
IT IS GETTING REMOVED THIS MONTH(Feb 2013)
Several years ago, after his popular video Mad As Hell was released and he began his campaign to become Governor of Nevada, Russo was noticed by Rockefeller and introduced to him by a female attorney. Seeing Russo's passion and ability to affect change, Rockefeller set about on a subtle mission to recruit Russo into the elite's CFR (Council of Foreign Relation) organization. Aaron Russo, the famous Film Maker of Trading Places starring Eddy Murphy, also made a film called "America: Freedom To Fascism". The motive behind this latter is surely linked to Nick (Nicholas) Rockefeller revelation about the ultimate aim of the Elites New World Order.
Russo rejected the invitation, saying he had no interest in "enslaving the people" to which Rockefeller coldly questioned why he cared about the "serfs." "I used to say to him what's the point of all this," states Russo, "you have all the money in the world you need, you have all the power you need, what's the point, what's the end goal?" to which Rockefeller replied (paraphrasing), "The end goal is to get everybody chipped, to control the whole society, to have the bankers and the elite people control the world."Rockefeller even assured Russo that if he joined the elite his chip would be specially marked so as to avoid undue inspection by the authorities.
Other themes are 9/11, agenda behind feminism the Rockefeller Foundation has helped promoted with CIA and depopulation of the world by 50%.
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"In his final Senate years, Aldrich chaired the National Monetary Commission. His Aldrich Plan, providing for flexible cash reserves, was the forerunner of the Federal Reserve System."
-- Senate.gov
"This Act establishes the most gigantic trust on earth... The worst legislative crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking and currency Bill."
-- Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr (father of famous aviator), Congressman in his book Banking and Currency and The Money Trust, 1913
"The Congress shall have Power... To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures [see on the origin of the Gold Standard] ..."-- Article One, Section Eight of the U.S. Constitution
"The name of Central Bank is carefully avoided, but the ‘Federal Reserve Association’, the name given to the proposed central organization, is endowed with the usual powers and responsibilities of a European Central Bank."
-- Nation Magazine, January 19, 1911
The Federal Reserve Act was proposed in 1908 by Nelson Aldrich - whose unique daughter married unique Rockefeller's son - in theAldrich-Vreeland Act after the Panic of 1907.The Act created the "Federal Reserve System" which transferred control of the money supply from Congress [see above Article One, Section Eight of the U.S. Constitution] to the banking system. Though the Treasury still coins and prints our money under the authority of Congress, neither the Treasurynor the Congress has the slightest thing to do with its issue or regulating the value thereof. The Act was signed by President Woodrow Wilson - under the influence of Colonel House - founder of the CFR (controlled byRockefeller) - on December 23, 1913 during the night (see timeline below) eighty years after President Jacksonrepelled the charter of the Second Bank Of United States.
The Federal Reserve Act was scheduled during the unlikely hours of 1.30 am to 4.30 am - were most members probably sleeping ? - on Monday 22 December 1913, at which 20 to 40 substantial differences in the House and Senate versions were supposedly described, deliberated upon, debated, reconciled and voted upon in a near-miraculous four-and-a-half to nine minutes per item, at that late hour. At 4.30 am, a prepared report of this Committee was handed to the printers. Senator Bristow of Kansas, the Republican leader, stated on the Congressional Record that the Conference Committee had met without notifying them, and that Republicans were not present and were given no opportunity either to read or sign the Conference Committee report. The Conference report is normally read on the Senate floor. The Republicans did not even see the report. Some senators stated on the floor of the Senate that they had no knowledge of the contents of the Bill. At 6.02 PM on 23 December, when many members had already left the Capital for the Christmas holiday, the very same day that the Bill was hurried through the House and Senate, President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 into law.
Mike Mathiesen says: 2 years ago This one of the many ways they have watered down the Constitution and our rights over the years. There are more going on today.
J D Murrah says: 2 years ago Colonel House did a lot of damage to the Constitution through Wilson. His influence allowed massive centralization to occur in Washington. The only person who managed doing more damage to the Constitution was Lincoln. I heard a new saying the other day that the Federal Reserve is neither Federal nor does it have a Reserve. Jeffrey Murrah, author Texans Always Move Them: A True History of Texas.
DNKStore says: 15 months ago We still live today under the influence of actions taken by venal corrupt men taken nearly 100 years ago. Nothing has changed much in this regard.
Socio-Image says: 10 months ago Do you know if there was some process that is on the record of the Republicans or whoever did not like the bill, after it passed, took action to try and declare it as unconstitutional and have it thrown out? Certainly it would seem logical especially if they pushed the bill in the early morning hours before Christmas.
James Jesse Emery St. Louis says: 7 months ago: Hey Guys Did you know these same men now operate 130 Central Banks in 130 Different Sovereign Nations The EU is their Conquest of Consent, no more habeus corpus in europe, Corpus Jurus, Judgement by the State, by The Court it's self, Double Joepardy is a thing of the past in the European Union, The North American union (Yes, that's, Mexico, Canada and The United States Merging their Economies and infrastructure) Is the Next Step in Their Plan, Their Plan is this Fraudulent, Manipulative, Self Destructive, Monetary-Communism via Central Banking, issuance of the currency, but on a global scale, The INTERNATIONAL Monetary (MONEY) Fund, The WORLD Health Organization, the WORLD Trade Organization and the WORLD BANK. we are fucked because the rothschilds are fucking satanists, they financed hitler's rise to power because he was harshly prejudiced, and would accomplish their goals for them, goals such as mass genocide, They financed Mao, who slaughtered 60 Million, because they are fucking satanists, and want no more than 500 Million People to "Burden" the Earth The Money Changers express their goals openly in the Georgia Guidestones, They are Raping third world countries of their resources, and spinning the world on it's head upside down drowing in debt 6 inches deep, and made of written agreements our own politicians signed, They are going to outlaw nutrients with codex alimentarius (not GNC Prodoucts, nutrients in our food) and neglect the world, legislated famine in the Name of the Earth, the environment, NCMR, you're ideas are not you're own "You Won't See this in the News" Rick and Dick abc cnn msnbc viacom NbC bbc npr pbs and everyone else didn't tell you about this, secret history, and current events, the banker will venture elsewhere, and profiteer (See what he Can BUY, to Make More MONEY) The Banker invested in industry, wartime industry, and he invested in public awareness,in general knowledge, in ideals, when he bought the newspapers, when he bought the Radio stations and the television broadcasters, the Networks, and then, He Proceeded to Buy, our Senators and representatives, and now he has bought us barack, bush, cheney, clinton, rumsfeld, Kissinger, Woodrow Wilson, Nixon, Greenspan, FDR, Ben Bernanke, Jay Rockefeller and many others, forging our future economically through the issuance and manipulation of the currency and it's value the other part of that qute is "This Act Legalizes the INVISIBLE GOVERNMENT of the Monetary (MONEY) Power." that was a hundred fucking years ago, nobody believes this shit because it's not feasible that our ideas are manipulated along with the economy to perpetuate debt to the men that killed kennedy, lincoln, bobby kennedy and bobby kennedy jr. Taft was killed for saying something about the monetary power two weeks after being elected, and americans are all kept ignorant of the history of these tycoons, manipulating governments through the issuance of the currency all the way back to the dark ages to Egypt and Ceaser, the world is kept ignorant to the true state of technology, and the possibilities of modern science.
MikeNV says: 2 months ago American People are uneducated and unaware. I am amazed that an issue so important to the freedom and prosperity of our country, and the world for that matter gets absolutely no press. It's unfortunate but the average American is an idiot. They play the party politics game continuing to vote for politicians who perpetuate the fraud. People vote for candidates not on issues of relevance but on issues of emotion that are created in the media each election year. All the talk about the economy is laughable. People like Fed Chairman Bernanke perpetuating the lie with a straight face. I don't know how an issue so important can not make it to the mainstream - other than to say that the wealthy bankers own the media and continue to buy politicians so it can not.
I wish I could vote your hub up to 100. But I can only press the button once.
http://hubpages.com/hub/
"There are two distinct classes of men...those who pay taxes and those who receive and live upon taxes." -- Thomas Paine (1737–1809), pamphleteer and revolutionary
"You know, gentlemen, that I do not owe any personal income tax. But nevertheless, I send a small check, now and then, to the Internal Revenue Service out of the kindness of my heart." -- David Rockefeller (1915-), before a Congressional Committee
"In his final Senate years, Aldrich chaired the National Monetary Commission. His Aldrich Plan, providing for flexible cash reserves, was the forerunner of the Federal Reserve System."
-- Senate.gov
Born in Rhode Island, Nelson Aldrich (1841–1915) was a direct descendant of Rhode Island founder, Roger Williams. He had directed the Finance Committee and was tightly linked to Rockefeller as his only daughter married the only son ofJohn D. Rockefeller (Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller is his grandson and his son Winthrop Aldrich's will become chairmanship of the Chase National Bank - Rockefeller's Bank). In 1909, Aldrich introduced a constitutional amendment to establish an income tax, although he had declared a similar measure "communistic" a decade earlier. In 1908 he became the chief sponsor of the Aldrich-Vreeland Act which created the National Monetary Commission, later to become the Federal Reserve in 1913. Aldrich became wealthy with investments in street railroads, sugar, rubber and banking. In 1906 Aldrich and other American financiers invested heavily in mines and rubber in the Belgian Congo. They supported Belgium's King Leopold II, who was alleged to have imposed slave labor conditions in the colony.
http://hubpages.com/hub/
- Nick Rockefeller quoted by Aaron Russo in this interview.
Several years ago, after his popular video Mad As Hell was released and he began his campaign to become Governor of Nevada, Russo was noticed by Rockefeller and introduced to him by a female attorney. Seeing Russo's passion and ability to affect change, Rockefeller set about on a subtle mission to recruit Russo into the elite's CFR (Council of Foreign Relation) organization.
Aaron Russo, the famous Film Maker of Trading Places starring Eddy Murphy, also made a film called "America: Freedom To Fascism". The motive behind this latter is surely linked to Nick (Nicholas) Rockefeller revelation about the ultimate aim of the Elites New World Order.
Russo rejected the invitation, saying he had no interest in "enslaving the people" to which Rockefeller coldly questioned why he cared about the "serfs."
"I used to say to him what's the point of all this," states Russo, "you have all the money in the world you need, you have all the power you need, what's the point, what's the end goal?" to which Rockefeller replied (paraphrasing), "The end goal is to get everybody chipped, to control the whole society, to have the bankers and the elite people control the world."
Rockefeller even assured Russo that if he joined the elite his chip would be specially marked so as to avoid undue inspection by the authorities.
Other themes are 9/11, agenda behind feminism the Rockefeller Foundation has helped promoted with CIA and depopulation of the world by 50%.
In 1974, U.S. Senator James Buckley wrote: "I don't subscribe to the theory that there exists an organization of international bankers called the Bilderbergers." Bilderberg Group, so called because of their first meeting in May 1954 at the Bilderberg Hotel, was kept in secrecy for several dozens of years. Today they prefer not to hide any more at least on European medias like the BBC (for example through their article "Inside the secretive Bilderberg Group"). Prince Bernhard, the Dutch aristocrat, former member of the honorary German Reiter SS Corps, founded the group and chaired meetings for more than 30 years. Over the years the group became a model for transnational diplomacy, lending support to European integration and oil company policies. Its steering committee was virtually a who's who of international finance; David Rockefeller, Gabriel Hauge (Manufacturer's Hanover Trust), Emilio Collado (Standard Oil, later Exxon) international lawyers such as Arthur Dean and George Ball. All U.S. steering committee members were also members of the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), Rockefeller's organization (founded by Colonel House), which has dominated US foreign policy planning since World War II. Take George Ball, for example. A long-time CFR member, director of the Trilateral Commission (founded by Brzezinski for David Rockefeller - lifetime member), Undersecretary of State, and lawyer with Lehman Brothers. Or Arthur Dean. CFR member, partner in Sullivan and Cromwell law firm, whose partners included John Foster and Allen Dulles. Before World War II Sullivan and Cromwell worked with German chemical and steel monopolies. By the time the Bilderbergers began to meet, attorney Allen Dulles had become CIA director. Is Bilderberg goal the same as described by Caroll Quigley, Bill Clinton's mentor, in his book "Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time" ?
"The powers of financial capitalism had far-reaching aim, nothing less than to create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole. This system was to be controlled in a feudalist fashion by the central banks of the world acting in concert." Carroll Quigley, Bill Clinton's mentor
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“There does exist, and has existed for a generation, an international Anglophile network which operates, to some extent, in the way the radical Right believes the Communists act. In fact, this network, which we may identify as the Round Table Groups, has no aversion to cooperating with the Communists, or any other groups, and frequently does so. I know of the operations of this network because I have studied it for twenty years and was permitted for two years, in the early 1960's, to examine its papers and secret records. I have no aversion to it or to most of its aims [theCounterpunch: not any more see Home-School.Com: an astonishing interview with John Taylor Gatto] and have, for much of my life, been close to it and to many of its instruments. I have objected, both in the past and recently, to a few of its policies (notably to its belief that England was an Atlantic rather than a European Power and must be allied, or even federated, with the United States and must remain isolated from Europe), but in general my chief difference of opinion is that it wishes to remain unknown, and I believe its role in history is significant enough to be known.” “The Rhodes Scholarships, established by the terms of Cecil Rhodes's seventh will, are known to everyone. What is not so widely known is that Rhodes in five previous wills left his fortune to form a secret society, which was to devote itself to the preservation and expansion of the British Empire. And what does not seem to be known to anyone is that this secret society was created by Rhodes and his principal trustee, Lord Milner, and continues to exist to this day. To be sure, this secret society is not a childish thing like the Ku Klux Klan, and it does not have any secret robes, secret handclasps, or secret passwords. It does not need any of these, since its members know each other intimately. It probably has no oaths of secrecy nor any formal procedure of initiation. It does, however, exist and holds secret meetings, over which the senior member present presides. At various times since 1891, these meetings have been presided over by Rhodes, Lord Milner, Lord Selborne, Sir Patrick Duncan, Field Marshal Jan Smuts, Lord Lothian, and Lord Brand. They have been held in all the British Dominions, starting in South Africa about 1903; in various places in London, chiefly Piccadilly; at various colleges at Oxford, chiefly All Souls; and at many English country houses such as Tring Park, Blickling Hall, Cliveden, and others.” “No country that values its safety should allow what the Milner group accomplished in Britain, that is, that a small number of men should be able to wield such power in administration and politics, should be given almost complete control over the publication of the documents relating to their actions, should be able to exercise such influence over the avenues of information that create public opinion, and should be able to monopolize so completely the writing and teaching of the history of their own period.” “The powers of financial capitalism had far-reaching aim, nothing less than to create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole. This system was to be controlled in a feudalist fashion by the central banks of the world acting in concert, by secret agreements arrived at in frequent meetings and conferences. The apex of the systems was to be the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland, a private bank owned and controlled by the world's central banks which were themselves private corporations. Each central bank...sought to dominate its government by its ability to control Treasury loans, to manipulate foreign exchanges, to influence the level of economic activity in the country, and to influence cooperative politicians by subsequent economic rewards in the business world.”
Since it also provided, in Basel, a safe and convenient repository for the gold holdings of the European central banks, it quickly evolved into the bank for central banks. As the world depression deepened in the Thirties and- financial panics flared up in Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Germany, the governors in charge of the key central banks feared that the entire global financial system would collapse unless they could closely coordinate their rescue efforts. The obvious meeting spot for this desperately needed coordination was the BIS, where they regularly went anyway to arrange gold swaps and war-damage settlements. Even though an isolationist Congress officially refused to allow the U.S. Federal Reserve to participate in the BIS, or to accept shares in it (which were instead held in trust by the First National City Bank [owned by William Rockefeller]), the chairman of the Fed quietly slipped over to Basel for important meetings. World monetary policy was evidently too important to leave to national politicians. During World War 11, when the nations, if not their central banks, were belligerents, the BIS continued operating in Basel, though the monthly meetings were temporarily suspended. In 1944, following Czech accusations that the BIS was laundering gold that the Nazis had stolen from occupied Europe, the American government backed a resolution at the Bretton Woods Conference calling for the liquidation of the BIS. The naive idea was that the settlement and monetary-clearing functions it provided could be taken over by the new International Monetary Fund. What could not be replaced, however, was what existed behind the mask of an international clearing house: a supranational organization for setting and implementing global monetary strategy, which could not be accomplished by a democratic, United Nations-like international agency. The central bankers, not about to let their club be taken from them, quietly snuffed out the American resolution. After World War 11, the BIS reemerged as the main clearing house for European currencies and, behind the scenes, the favored meeting place of central bankers. When the dollar came under attack in the 1960s, massive swaps of money and gold were arranged at the BIS for the defense of the American currency. It was undeniably ironic that, as the president of the BIS observed, "the United States, which had wanted to kill the BIS, suddenly finds it indispensable." In any case, the Fed has become a leading member of the club, with either Chairman Paul Volcker or Governor Henry Wallich attending every "Basel weekend." Originally, the central bankers sought complete anonymity for their activities. Their headquarters were in an abandoned six story hotel, the Grand et Savoy Hotel Universe, with an annex above the adjacent Frey's Chocolate Shop. There purposely was no sign over the door identifying the BIS, so visiting central bankers and gold dealers used Frey's, which is across the street from the railroad station, as a convenient landmark. It was in the wood-paneled rooms above the shop and the hotel that decisions were reached to devalue or defend currencies, to fix the price of gold, to regulate offshore banking, and to raise or lower short-term interest rates. And though they shaped "a new world economic order" through these deliberations, according to Guido Carli, the governor of the Italian central bank,, the public, even in Basel, remained almost totally unaware of the club and its activities. In May 1977, however, the BIS gave up its anonymity, against the better judgment of some of its members, in exchange for more efficient headquarters. The new building, an eighteen story-high circular skyscraper that rises over the medieval city like some misplaced nuclear reactor, quickly became known as the "Tower of Basel" and began attracting attention from tourists. "That was the last thing we wanted," Dr. Fritz Leutwiler, its president told me, when I interviewed him in 1983. "If it had been up to me, it never would have been built." While we talked, he kept his eyes glued to the Reuters screen in his office, which signaled currency fluctuations around the globe.
Inside the secretive Bilderberg Group
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How much influence do private networks of the rich and powerful have on government policies and international relations? One group, the Bilderberg, has often attracted speculation that it forms a shadowy global government. As part of the BBC's Who Runs Your World? series, Bill Hayton tries to find out more. |
The chairman of the secretive - he prefers the word private - Bilderberg Group is 73-year-old Viscount Etienne Davignon, corporate director and former European Commissioner. In his office, on a private floor above the Brussels office of the Suez conglomerate lined with political cartoons of himself, he told me what he thought of allegations that Bilderberg is a global conspiracy secretly ruling the world. "It is unavoidable and it doesn't matter," he says. "There will always be people who believe in conspiracies but things happen in a much more incoherent fashion."
Lack of publicity
In an extremely rare interview, he played down the importance of Bilderberg in setting the international agenda. "What can come out of our meetings is that it is wrong not to try to deal with a problem. But a real consensus, an action plan containing points 1, 2 and 3? The answer is no. People are much too sensible to believe they can do that. Every year since 1954, a small network of rich and powerful people have held a discussion meeting about the state of the trans-Atlantic alliance and the problems facing Europe and the US. Organised by a steering committee of two people from each of about 18 countries, the Bilderberg Group (named after the Dutch hotel in which it held its first meeting) brings together about 120 leading business people and politicians. At this year's meeting in Germany, the audience included the heads of the World Bank and European Central Bank, Chairmen or Chief Executives from Nokia, BP, Unilever, DaimlerChrysler and Pepsi - among other multi-national corporations, editors from five major newspapers, members of parliament, ministers, European commissioners, the crown prince of Belgium and the queen of the Netherlands. "I don't think (we are) a global ruling class because I don't think a global ruling class exists. I simply think it's people who have influence interested to speak to other people who have influence," Viscount Davignon says. "Bilderberg does not try to reach conclusions - it does not try to say 'what we should do'. Everyone goes away with their own feeling and that allows the debate to be completely open, quite frank - and to see what the differences are. "Business influences society and politics influences society - that's purely common sense. It's not that business contests the right of democratically-elected leaders to lead". For Bilderberg's critics the fact that there is almost no publicity about the annual meetings is proof that they are up to no good. Jim Tucker, editor of a right-wing newspaper, the American Free Press for example, alleges they organise wars and elect and depose political leaders. He describes the group as simply 'evil'. So where does the truth lie? Professor Kees van der Pijl of Sussex University in Britain says such private networks of corporate and political leaders play an informal but crucial role in the modern world. "There need to be places where these people can think about the main challenges ahead, co-ordinate where policies should be going, and find out where there could be a consensus."
'Common sense'
Will Hutton, an economic analyst and former newspaper editor who attended a Bilderberg meeting in 1997, says people take part in these networks in order to influence the way the world works, to create what he calls "the international common sense" about policy. "On every issue that might influence your business you will hear at first-hand the people who are actually making those decisions and you will play a part in helping them to make those decisions and formulating the common sense," he says. And that "common sense" is one which supports the interests of Bilderberg's main participants - in particular free trade. Viscount Davignon says that at the annual meetings, "automatically around the table you have internationalists" - people who support the work of the World Trade Organisation, trans-Atlantic co-operation and European integration.
Bilderberg meetings often feature future political leaders shortly before they become household names. Bill Clinton went in 1991 while still governor of Arkansas, Tony Blair was there two years later while still an opposition MP. All the recent presidents of the European Commission attended Bilderberg meetings before they were appointed.
'Secret Government'
This
has led to accusations that the group pushes its favoured politicians
into high office. But Viscount Davignon says his steering committee are
simply excellent talent spotters. The steering committee "does its best
assessment of who are the bright new boys or girls in the beginning
phase of their career who would like to get known." "It's not a total
accident, but it's not a forecast and if they go places it's not
because of Bilderberg, it's because of themselves," Viscount Davignon
says. But its critics say Bilderberg's selection process gives an extra
boost to aspiring politicians whose views are friendly to big business.
None of this, however, is easy to prove - or disprove. Observers like
Will Hutton argue that such private networks have both good and bad
sides. They are unaccountable to voters but, at the same time, they do
keep the international system functioning. And there are limits to
their power - a point which Bilderberg chairman was keen to stress,
"When people say this is a secret government of the world I say that if
we were a secret government of the world we should be bloody ashamed of
ourselves." Informal and private
networks like Bilderberg have helped to oil the wheels of global
politics and globalisation for the past half a century. In the eyes of
critics they have undermined democracy, but their supporters believe
they are crucial to modern democracy's success. And so long as business
and politics remain mutually dependent, they will continue to thrive.
Ruling The World of Money HARPER'S November 1983 by Edward Jay Epsteinhttp://www.edwardjayepstein.
Ten times a year— once a mouth except in August and October— a small
elite of well dressed men arrives in Basel, Switzerland. Carrying
overnight bags and attache cases, they discreetly check into the Euler
Hotel, across from the railroad station. They have come to this sleepy
city from places as disparate as Tokyo, London, and Washington, D.C.,
for the regular meeting of the most exclusive, secretive, and powerful
supranational club in the world. Each of the dozen or so visiting
members has his own office at the club, with secure telephone lines to
his home country. The members are fully serviced by a permanent staff
of about 300, including chauffeurs, chefs, guards, messengers,
translators, stenographers, secretaries, and researchers. Also at their
disposal are a brilliant research unit and an ultramodern computer, as
well as a secluded country club with tennis courts and a swimming pool,
a few kilometers outside Basel. The
membership of this club is restricted to a handful of powerful men who
determine daily the interest rate, the availability of credit, and the
money supply of the banks in their own countries. They include the
governors of the U.S. Federal Reserve, the Bank of England, the Bank of
Japan, the Swiss National Bank, and the German Bundesbank. The club
controls a bank with a $40 billion kitty in cash, government
securities, and gold that constitutes about one tenth of the world's
available foreign exchange. The profits earned just from renting out
its hoard of gold (second only to that of Fort Knox in value) are more
than sufficient to pay for the expenses of the entire organization. And
the unabashed purpose of its elite monthly meetings is to coordinate
and, if possible, to control all monetary activities in the
industrialized world. The place where this club meets in Basel is a
unique financial institution called the Bank for International
Settlements-or more simply, and appropriately, the BIS (pronounced
"biz" in German).THE
BIS was originally established in May 1930 by bankers and diplomats of
Europe and the United States to collect and disburse Germany's World
War I reparation payments (hence its name). It was truly an
extraordinary arrangement. Although the BIS was organized as a
commercial bank with publicly held shares, its immunity from government
interference, and even taxation, in both peace and war was guaranteed
by an international treaty signed in The Hague in 1930. Although all
its depositors are central banks, the BIS has made a profit on every
transaction. And because it has been highly profitable, it has required
no subsidy or aid from any government.Since
it also provided, in Basel, a safe and convenient repository for the
gold holdings of the European central banks, it quickly evolved into
the bank for central banks. As the world depression deepened in the
Thirties and- financial panics flared up in Austria, Hungary,
Yugoslavia, and Germany, the governors in charge of the key central
banks feared that the entire global financial system would collapse
unless they could closely coordinate their rescue efforts. The obvious
meeting spot for this desperately needed coordination was the BIS,
where they regularly went anyway to arrange gold swaps and war-damage
settlements.Even
though an isolationist Congress officially refused to allow the U.S.
Federal Reserve to participate in the BIS, or to accept shares in it
(which were instead held in trust by the First National City Bank), the
chairman of the Fed quietly slipped over to Basel for important
meetings. World monetary policy was evidently too important to leave to
national politicians. During World War 11, when the nations, if not
their central banks, were belligerents, the BIS continued operating in
Basel, though the monthly meetings were temporarily suspended. In 1944,
following Czech accusations that the BIS was laundering gold that the
Nazis had stolen from occupied Europe, the American government backed a
resolution at the Bretton Woods Conference calling for the liquidation
of the BIS. The naive idea was that the settlement and
monetary-clearing functions it provided could be taken over by the new
International Monetary Fund.What
could not be replaced, however, was what existed behind the mask of an
international clearing house: a supranational organization for setting
and implementing global monetary strategy, which could not be
accomplished by a democratic, United Nations-like international agency.
The central bankers, not about to let their club be taken from them,
quietly snuffed out the American resolution.After
World War 11, the BIS reemerged as the main clearing house for European
currencies and, behind the scenes, the favored meeting place of central
bankers. When the dollar came under attack in the 1960s, massive swaps
of money and gold were arranged at the BIS for the defense of the
American currency. It was undeniably ironic that, as the president of
the BIS observed, "the United States, which had wanted to kill the BIS,
suddenly finds it indispensable." In any case, the Fed has become a
leading member of the club, with either Chairman Paul Volcker or
Governor Henry Wallich attending every "Basel weekend."Originally,
the central bankers sought complete anonymity for their activities.
Their headquarters were in an abandoned six story hotel, the Grand et
Savoy Hotel Universe, with an annex above the adjacent Frey's Chocolate
Shop. There purposely was no sign over the door identifying the BIS, so
visiting central bankers and gold dealers used Frey's, which is across
the street from the railroad station, as a convenient landmark. It was
in the wood-paneled rooms above the shop and the hotel that decisions
were reached to devalue or defend currencies, to fix the price of gold,
to regulate offshore banking, and to raise or lower short-term interest
rates. And though they shaped "a new world economic order" through
these deliberations, according to Guido Carli, the governor of the
Italian central bank,, the public, even in Basel, remained almost
totally unaware of the club and its activities.In
May 1977, however, the BIS gave up its anonymity, against the better
judgment of some of its members, in exchange for more efficient
headquarters. The new building, an eighteen story-high circular
skyscraper that rises over the medieval city like some misplaced
nuclear reactor, quickly became known as the "Tower of Basel" and began
attracting attention from tourists. "That was the last thing we
wanted," Dr. Fritz Leutwiler, its president told me, when I interviewed
him in 1983. "If it had been up to me, it never would have been built."
While we talked, he kept his eyes glued to the Reuters screen in his
office, which signaled currency fluctuations around the globe.Despite
its irksome visibility, the new headquarters does have the advantages
of luxurious space and Swiss efficiency. The building is completely
air-conditioned and self-contained, with its own nuclear-bomb shelter
in the sub-basement, a triply redundant fire-extinguishing system (so
outside firemen never have to be called in), a private hospital, and
some twenty miles of subterranean archives. "We try to provide a
complete clubhouse for central bankers ... a home away from home," said
Gunther Schleiminger, the supercompetent general manager, as he
arranged a rare tour of the headquarters for me.
The top floor, with a panoramic view of three countries, Germany,
France, and Switzerland, is a deluxe restaurant, used only to serve the
members a buffet dinner when they arrive on Sunday evenings to begin
the "Basel weekends." Aside from those ten occasions, this floor
remains ghostly empty.On
the floor below, Schleiminger and his small staff sit in spacious
offices, administering the day-today details of the BIS and monitoring
activities on lower floors as if they were running an out-of-season
hotel. The
next three floors down are suites of offices reserved for the central
bankers. All are decorated in three colors— beige, brown, and tan— and
each has a similar modernistic lithograph over the desk. Each office
also has coded speed-dial telephones that at a push of a button
directly connect the club members to their offices in their central
banks back home. The completely deserted corridors and empty offices,
with nameplates on the doors and freshly sharpened pencils in cups and
neat stacks of incoming papers on the desks, are again reminiscent of a
ghost town. When the members arrive for their forthcoming meeting in
November, there will be a remarkable transformation, according to
Schleiminger, with multilingual receptionists and secretaries at every
desk, and constant meetings and briefings.On
the lower floors are the BIS computer, which is directly linked to the
computers of the member central banks and provides instantaneous access
to data about the global monetary situation, and the actual bank, where
eighteen traders, mainly from England and Switzerland, continually roll
over short" term loans on the Eurodollar markets and guard against
foreign-exchange losses (by simultaneously selling the currency in
which the loan is due). On yet another floor, gold traders are
constantly on the telephone arranging loans of the bank's gold to
international arbitragers, thus allowing central banks to make interest
on gold deposits.Occasionally
there is an extraordinary situation, such as the decision to sell gold
for the Soviet Union, which requires a decision from the "governors,"
as the BIS staff calls the central bankers. But most of the banking is
routine, computerized, and riskless. Indeed, the BIS is prohibited by
its statutes from making anything but short-term loans. Most are for
thirty days or less that are government guaranteed or backed with gold
deposited at the BIS. The profits the BIS receives for essentially
turning over the billions of dollars deposited by the central banks
amounted to $162 million last year.As
skilled as the BIS may be at all this, the central banks themselves
have highly competent staffs capable of investing their deposits. The
German Bundesbank, for example, has a superb international trading
department and 15,000 employees— at least twenty times as many as the
BIS staff. Why then do the Bundesbank and the other central banks
transfer some $40 billion of deposits to the BIS and thereby permit it
to make such a profit?One
answer is of course secrecy. By commingling part of their reserves in
what amounts to a gigantic mutual fund of short term investments, the
central banks created' a convenient screen behind which they can hide
their own deposits and withdrawals in financial centers around the
world. And the central banks are apparently willing to pay a high fee
to use the cloak of the BIS.There
is, however, another reason why the central banks regularly transfer
deposits to the BIS: they want to provide it with a large enough profit
to support the other services it provides. Despite its name, the BIS is
far more than a bank. From the outside, it seems to be a small,
technical organization. Just eighty-six of its 298 employees are ranked
as professional staff. But the BIS is not a monolithic institution:
artfully concealed within the shell of an international bank, like a
series of Chinese boxes one inside another, are the real groups and
services the central bankers need-and pay to support.The
first box inside the bank is the board of directors, drawn from the
eight European central banks (England, Switzerland, Germany, Italy,
France, Belgium, Sweden, and the Netherlands), which meets on the
Tuesday morning of each "Basel weekend." The board also meets twice a
year in Basel with the central banks of other nations. It provides a
formal apparatus for dealing with European governments and
international bureaucracies like the IMF or the European Economic
Community (the Common Market). The board defines the rules and
territories of the central banks with the goal of preventing
governments from meddling in their purview. For example, a few years
ago, when the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in
Paris appointed a low-level committee to study the adequacy of bank
reserves, the central bankers regarded it as poaching on their monetary
turf and turned to the BIS board for assistance. The board then
arranged for a high-level committee, under the head of Banking
Supervision at the Bank of England, to preempt the issue. The OECD got
the message and abandoned its effort.To
deal with the world at large, there is another Chinese box called the
Group of Ten, or simply the "G-10." It actually has eleven full-time
members, representing the eight European central banks, the U.S. Fed,
the Bank of Canada, and the Bank of Japan. It also has one unofficial
member: the governor of the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority. This
powerful group, which controls most of the transferable money in the
world, meets for long sessions on the Monday afternoon of the "Basel
weekend." It is here that broader policy issues, such as interest
rates, money-supply growth, economic stimulation (or suppression), and
currency rates are discussed-if not always resolved.Directly
under the G-10, and catering to all its special needs, is a small unit
called the "Monetary and Economic Development Department," which is, in
effect, its private think tank. The head of this unit, the Belgian
economist Alexandre Larnfalussy, sits in on all the G-10 meetings, then
assigns the appropriate research and analysis to the half dozen
economists on his staff. This unit also produces the occasional
blue-bound "economic papers" that provide central bankers from
Singapore to Rio de Janeiro, even though they are not BIS members, with
a convenient party line. For example, a recent paper called "Rules
versus Discretion: An Essay on Monetary Policy in an Inflationary
Environment," politely defused the Milton Friedmanesque dogma and
suggested a more pragmatic form of monetarism. And last May, just
before the Williamsburg summit conference, the unit released a blue
book on currency intervention by central banks that laid down the
boundaries and circumstances for such actions. When there are internal
disagreements, these blue books can express positions sharply contrary
to those held by some BIS members, but generally they reflect a
consensus of the G-10.Over
A bratwurst-and-beer lunch on the top floor of the Bundesbank, which is
located in a huge concrete building (called "the bunker") outside of
Frankfurt, Karl Otto Pohl, its president and a ranking governor of the
BIS, complained to me in 1983 about the repetitiousness of the meetings
during the "Basel weekend." "First, there is the meeting on the Gold
Pool, then, after lunch, the same faces show up at the G-10, and the
next day there is the board which excludes the U.S., Japan, and Canada,
and the European Community meeting which excludes Sweden and
Switzerland." He concluded: "They are long and strenuous-and they are
not where the real business gets done." This occurs, as Pohl explained
over our leisurely lunch, at still another level of the BIS: "a sort of
inner club."
The inner club is made up of the half dozen or so powerful central bankers who find themselves more or less in the same monetary boat: along with Pohl are Volcker and Wallich from the Fed, Leutwiler from the Swiss National Bank, Lamberto Dini of the Bank of Italy, Haruo Mayekawa of the Bank of Japan, and the retired governor of the Bank of England, Lord Gordon Richardson (who had presided over the G-10 meetings for the past ten years). They are all comfortable speaking English; indeed, Pohl recounted how he has found himself using English with Leutwiler, though both are of course native German-speakers. And they all speak the same language when it comes to governments, having shared similar experiences. Pohl and Volcker were both under secretaries of their respective treasuries; they worked closely with each other, and with Lord Richardson, in the futile attempts to defend the dollar and the pound in the 1960s. Dini was at the IMF in Washington, dealing with many of the same problems. Pohl had worked closely with Leutwiler in neighboring Switzerland for two decades. "Some of us are very old friends," Pohl said. Far more important, these men all share the same set of well-articulated values 'about money.The prime value, which also seems to demarcate the inner club from the rest of the BIS members, is the firm belief that central banks should act independently of their home governments. This is an easy position for Leutwiler to hold, since the Swiss National Bank is privately owned (the only central bank that is not government owned) and completely autonomous. ("I don't think many people know the name of the president of Switzerland-even in Switzerland," Pohl joked, "but everyone in Europe has heard of Leutwiler.") Almost as independent is the Bundesbank; as its president, Pohl is not required to consult with government officials or to answer the questions of Parliament-even about such critical issues as raising interest rates. He even refuses to fly to Basel in a government plane, preferring instead to drive in his Mercedes limousine.The Fed is only a shade less independent than the Bundesbank: Volcker is expected to make periodic visits to Congress and at least to take calls from the White House-but he need not follow their counsel. While in theory the Bank of Italy is under government control, in practice it is an elite institution that acts autonomously and often resists the government. (In 1979, its then governor, Paolo Baffi, was threatened with arrest, but the inner club, using unofficial channels, rallied to his support.) Although the exact relationship between the Bank of Japan and the Japanese government purposely remains inscrutable, even to the BIS governors, its chairman, Mayekawa, at least espouses the principle of autonomy. Finally, though the Bank of England is under the thumb of the British government, Lord Richardson was accepted by the inner club because of his personal adherence to this defining principle. But his successor, Robin Leigh-Pemberton, lacking the years of business and personal contact, probably won't be admitted to the inner circle.In any case, the line is drawn at the Bank of England. The Bank of France is seen as a puppet of the French government; to a lesser degree, the remaining European banks are also perceived by the inner club as extensions of their respective governments, and thus remain on the outside.A second and closely related belief of the inner club is that politicians should not be trusted to decide the fate of the international monetary system. When Leutwiler became president of the BIS in 1982, he insisted that no government official be allowed to visit during a "Basel weekend." He recalled that in 1968, U.S. Treasury undersecretary Fred Deming had been in Basel and stopped in at the bank. "When word got around that an American Treasury official was at the BIS," Leutwiler said, "bullion traders, speculating that the U.S. was about to sell its gold, began a panic in the market." Except for the annual meeting in June (called "the Jamboree" by the staff ), when the ground floor of the BIS headquarters is open to official visitors, Leutwiler has tried to enforce his rule strictly. "To be frank," he I have no use for politicians. They lack the judgment of central bankers." This effectively sums up the common antipathy of the inner club toward "government muddling," as Pohl puts it.The inner-club members also share a strong preference for pragmatism and flexibility over any ideology, whether that of Lord Keynes or Milton Friedman. Rather than resorting to rhetoric and invoking principles, the inner club seeks any remedy that will relieve a crisis. For example, earlier this year, when Brazil failed to pay back on time a BIS loan that was guaranteed by the central banks, the inner club quietly decided to extend the deadline instead of collecting the money from the guarantors. "We are constantly engaged in a balancing act-without a safety net," Leutwiler explained.THE FINAL and by far the most important belief of the inner club is the conviction that when the bell tolls for any single central bank, it tolls for them all. When Mexico faced bankruptcy in the early eighties. The issue for the inner club was not the welfare of that country but, as Dini put it, "the stability of the entire banking system." For months Mexico had been borrowing overnight funds from the interbank market in New York-as every bank recognized by the Fed is permitted to do-to pay the interest on its $80 billion external debt. Each night it had to borrow more money to repay the interest on the previous night's transactions, and, according to Dini, by August Mexico had borrowed nearly one quarter of all the "Fed Funds," as these overnight loans between banks are called.The Fed was caught in a dilemma: if it suddenly stepped in and forbade Mexico from further using the interbank market, Mexico would be unable to repay its enormous debt the next day, and 25 percent of the entire banking system's ready funds might be frozen. But if the Fed permitted Mexico to continue borrowing in New York, in a matter of months it would suck in most of the interbank funds, forcing the Fed to expand drastically the supply of money.It was clearly an emergency for the inner club. After speaking to Miguel Mancera, director of the Banco de Mexico, Volcker immediately called Leutwiler, who was vacationing in the Swiss mountain village of Grison. Leutwiler realized that the entire system was confronted by a financial time bomb: even though the IMF was prepared to extend $4.5 billion to Mexico to relieve the pressure on its long-term debt, it would require months of paperwork to get approval for the loan. And Mexico needed an immediate 1.85 billion dollar loan to get out of the interbank market, which Mancera had agreed to do. But in less than forty eight hours, Leutwiler had called the members of the inner club and arranged the temporary bridging loan.While this $1.85 billion appeared in the financial press to have come from the BIS, virtually all the funds came from the central banks in the inner club. Half came directly from the United States -$600 million from the Treasury's exchange-equalization fund and $325 million from the Fed's coffers; the remaining $925 million mainly from deposits of the Bundesbank, Swiss National Bank, Bank of England, Bank of Italy, and Bank of Japan, deposits that were specifically guaranteed by these central banks, though advanced pro forma by the BIS (with a token amount advanced by the BIS itself against the collateral of Mexican gold). The BIS undertook virtually no risk in this rescue operation; it merely provided a convenient cloak for the inner club. Otherwise, its members, especially Volcker, would have had to take the political heat individually for what appeared to be the rescue of an underdeveloped country. In fact, they were true to their paramount values: rescuing the banking system itself.Inner club members publicly pay lip service to the ideal of preserving the character of the BIS and not turning it into a lender of last resort for the world at large. Privately, however, they will undoubtedly continue their maneuvers to protect the banking system at whatever point in the world it seems most vulnerable. After all, it is ultimately the central banks' money at risk, not the BIS's. And the inner club will also keep using the BIS as its public mask, and pay the requisite price for the disguise.
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Quention of the day Who Set The Reichstag On Fire-- And Brought Hitler To Power?
Institutions | IG Farben, Bayer, Codex Alimentarius |
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Fritz ter Meer | |
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Fritz ter Meer
|
|
Born | June 4, 1884 Uerdingen, Germany |
Died | October 27, 1967 (aged 83) Leverkusen, Germany |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | IG Farben, Bayer, Codex Alimentarius |
Edmund ter Meer | |
---|---|
Born | 1852 |
Died | November 5, 1931 (aged 79) |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | Bayer |
Known for | ter Meer reaction |
Institutions | IG Farben, Bayer, Codex Alimentarius |
---|
Fritz ter Meer | |
---|---|
Fritz ter Meer
|
|
Born | June 4, 1884 Uerdingen, Germany |
Died | October 27, 1967 (aged 83) Leverkusen, Germany |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | IG Farben, Bayer, Codex Alimentarius |
Edmund ter Meer | |
---|---|
Born | 1852 |
Died | November 5, 1931 (aged 79) |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | Bayer |
Known for | ter Meer reaction |
"the National Socialist killing of the Jews was unique in that never before had a state with the authority of its responsible leader decided and announced that a specific human group, including its aged, its women and its children and infants, would be killed as quickly as possible, and then carried through this resolution using every possible means of state power".[41]
Fritz ter Meer | |
---|---|
Fritz ter Meer
|
|
Born | June 4, 1884 Uerdingen, Germany |
Died | October 27, 1967 (aged 83) Leverkusen, Germany |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | IG Farben, Bayer, Codex Alimentarius |
Edmund ter Meer | |
---|---|
Born | 1852 |
Died | November 5, 1931 (aged 79) |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | Bayer |
Known for | ter Meer reaction |
Type | Public (FWB: BAY, TYO:4863) |
---|---|
Founded | 1863 |
Founder(s) | Friedrich Bayer, Johann Friedrich Weskott |
Headquarters | Leverkusen, Germany |
Key people | Werner Wenning (CEO), Manfred Schneider (Chairmanof the supervisory board) |
Industry | Pharmaceuticals, chemicals |
Products | Veterinary drugs, diagnostic imaging, general and specialtymedicines, women's healthproducts, over-the-count er drugs, diabetes care,pesticide s, plant biotechnology, polymers,coatings, adhesives |
Revenue | €32.918 billion (2008)[1] |
Operating income | ? €3.544 billion (2008)[1] |
Profit | ? €1.719 billion (2008)[1] |
Employees | 108,600 (2008)[1] |
Subsidiaries | Bayer MaterialScience, Bayer USA, Bayer Schering Pharma,Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Bayer CropScience |
Website | www.bayer.com |
|
Three reasons to choose Codex: Actionable Intelligence for Smarter Decision Making Up-to-the-minute performance dashboards help customers monitor organizational and departmental performance to make command decisions faster and more precisely than ever before. Embedded Best Practices Codex delivers comprehensive business functionality uniquely tailored to specific industries by embedding best practices that help to accelerate deployment, increase user adoption, and reduce total cost of ownership. Streamline Key Business Processes Codex solutions streamline key processes to reduce information latency by gathering and processing information in real-time, and making it available across the ecosystem. About Codex Corp. Codex Corp. is a provider of Security Compliance Software delivered as a Service (SaaS) to government agencies and companies to address legal, corporate, and government compliance and risk management. Codex blends innovation and emerging technologies, including Web, radio frequency identification (RFID), and mobile computing to create practical, value-driven software solutions. Our Vision and Values Codex will be guided by our core values: innovation, quality, and service excellence. Our perpetual goal is to create the highest quality products and services that deliver good value, and consistently exceed our customers’ expectations. We will work to become the best place for our Team Members to work, to innovate and foster leadership at every level, and cultivate trust and respect in our relationships with customers, employees, suppliers, and partners. Codex will transform the software service experience and become the service excellence leader in the U.S. The CodexCare Covenant The mission of Codex Corp. is to create world-class, on-demand software services and experiences that are driven by our singular, passionate commitment for achieving the highest levels of excellence in everything we do, and all that we serve. |
News & Events |
January 26, 2009: Codex Corp. Board of Director, Richard Daly, has been inducted into the Minnesota Science and Technology Hall of Fame. August 19, 2008: ETS Development Group and Codex Corp. partner to integrate new jail management system intoGUARDIAN RFID Corrections System. August 1, 2008: Montezuma County Sheriff's Office in Cortez, CO chooses GUARDIAN for its adult detention facility. June 28, 2008: The GUARDIAN© RFID Corrections System formally endorsed by the National Sheriffs' Association (www.sheriffs.org); first product in nation to earn distinction. May 1, 2008: Studer Group and Codex announce Kaiser Permante NW chooses Rounding Manager. April 2, 2008: Studer Group and Codex announce Calvary Act (Bruce, Australia) chooses Rounding Manager. Customer Success "Codex solutions have greatly improved our ability to measure operational excellence across the ecosystem, and respond more effectively to customer and staff issues". Steve Simonin, CEO Wright Medical Centre Studer Group: "Our alliance with Codex is playing a key role in allowing us to offer our customers what they want: best-in-class software solutions that help healthcare providers to become the best hospital.".. BG Porter president of the Studer Group |
"the National Socialist killing of the Jews was unique in that never before had a state with the authority of its responsible leader decided and announced that a specific human group, including its aged, its women and its children and infants, would be killed as quickly as possible, and then carried through this resolution using every possible means of state power".[41]
Fritz ter Meer | |
---|---|
Fritz ter Meer
|
|
Born | June 4, 1884 Uerdingen, Germany |
Died | October 27, 1967 (aged 83) Leverkusen, Germany |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | IG Farben, Bayer, Codex Alimentarius |
Edmund ter Meer | |
---|---|
Born | 1852 |
Died | November 5, 1931 (aged 79) |
Nationality | German |
Institutions | Bayer |
Known for | ter Meer reaction |
Type | Public (FWB: BAY, TYO:4863) |
---|---|
Founded | 1863 |
Founder(s) | Friedrich Bayer, Johann Friedrich Weskott |
Headquarters | Leverkusen, Germany |
Key people | Werner Wenning (CEO), Manfred Schneider (Chairmanof the supervisory board) |
Industry | Pharmaceuticals, chemicals |
Products | Veterinary drugs, diagnostic imaging, general and specialtymedicines, women's healthproducts, over-the-count er drugs, diabetes care,pesticide s, plant biotechnology, polymers,coatings, adhesives |
Revenue | €32.918 billion (2008)[1] |
Operating income | ? €3.544 billion (2008)[1] |
Profit | ? €1.719 billion (2008)[1] |
Employees | 108,600 (2008)[1] |
Subsidiaries | Bayer MaterialScience, Bayer USA, Bayer Schering Pharma,Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Bayer CropScience |
Website | www.bayer.com |