Brown, David (1997) Breaking the code of silence : the Wood Royal Commission into New South Wales police : a brief overview. Alternative Law Journal,22(5), pp. 220-224.
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Neddy Smith and Roger Rogerson
http://www.smh.com.au/national/arthur-neddy-smith-the-dirty-detective-20110617-1g79z.html
Arthur 'Neddy' Smith: the dirty detective
Date: June 17, 2011 Michael Duffy and Bob Bottom
More Blue murder videos at
http://www.inlnews.com/CorruptPolice_BlueMurder.php
ARTHUR Smith was born in 1944 and grew into a major criminal, involved particularly in armed robbery, heroin trafficking and murder.
He became a Sydney celebrity because of his close relationship during the 1980s with controversial detective Roger Rogerson. It was the type of relationship that had often flourished before. Smith, like other successful criminals, survived by being a regular police informer. But in this case it attracted considerable publicity because the media and other institutions had started to take a keen interest in corruption.
A number of books and the acclaimed television drama series Blue Murder have been based on Smith, Rogerson and people they associated with, making this the most richly, if unevenly, documented period of organised crime in Sydney.
Neddy Smith had a muscular, athletic physique.
Life term ... Neddy Smith receives a hug from daughter Jaime during a jail visit. Today he is wheelchair bound and ravaged by the effects of adavnced Parkinson's disease
Neddy Smith had a special bond with controversial detective Roger Rogerson.
Neddy Smith tried to hide from the media gaze during one of his many court appearances before he was jailed for life for the Harvey Jones killing.
Neddy Smith leaves court after the Huckstepp verdict.
Roger Rogerson buys a newspaper after appearing at Smith's murder trial.
Five years after Lafranchi's death, Ms Huckstepp drowned in a pond in Centennial Park. Smith was charged with her murder but acquitted.
Ms Huckstepp's grave in the Jewish section of Sydney's Rookwood Cemetery
Arthur Stanley Smith (born 27 November 1944) known also as Neddy Smith is an Australian criminal and crime writer who has been convicted of drug trafficking, theft, rape, armed robbery and murder.
Neddy Smith has been serving a life sentence since 1989 and is imprisoned in Lithgow Correctional Centre after being moved from Long Bay Correctional Centre in New South Wales, where he spent 14 years of his life. Smith's bodyguard Graham 'Abo' Henry claimed in ABO - A Treacherous Life: The Graham Henry Story that the gang of criminals Smith led committed crimes worth A$25 million in the 1980s. Smith was born to an Australian mother and an American serviceman father whom he never knew, and brought up in Sydney. He attended Boys Homes' for approximately three years after becoming involved in burglaries and other offences.
Smith has spent much of the rest of his life in prison, serving sentences from 1963–1965, 1968–1975, 1978-1980 and 1989 to date Smith was a self-confessedheroin dealer, and armed robber who gained notoriety for his violent temper. Standing 6 ft 6 tall and weighing 16 stone in his prime, Smith exploited his size when involved in countless street fights and bar brawls. Journalist John Dale has commented "there is no doubting Neddy Smith's physical size and menacing aura." InNeddy: The Life and Crimes of Arthur Stanley Smith, he claimed to have beaten up former British and Commonwealth heavyweight champion Bunny Johnson after a row outside a Sydney nightclub. However he denies committing the rape he was imprisoned for in 1968 and the numerous murders of which he has been accused.
Smith gained further notoriety when he became a whistle-blower and star witness for the Independent Commission Against Corruption and the Wood Royal Commission. He obtained immunity for all crimes he had committed, except murder, in exchange for testifying against former New South Wales police detective Roger Rogerson and other allegedly corrupt police officers.
During ICAC proceedings, Smith testified that he had committed eight armed robberies and had made a large amount of money from dealing heroin. He alleged that members of New South Wales Police had given him a "green light" to commit crimes and had aided him in various robberies and other crimes. He also claimed to have paid corrupt police officers large sums of money to escape criminal charges himself and to assist his friends in avoiding criminal charges.
In The Damage Done, Warren Fellows claimed he had witnessed Smith make death threats against two police officers who attempted to take him in for questioning on his daughter's 10th birthday. Fellows also alleges that he was working for Smith when he was arrested in Thailand for attempting to smuggle 8.5 kilograms of heroin back to Australia. Fellows was travelling in the company of Smith's brother-in-law, Paul Hayward, who was also charged with trafficking.
Though Smith has been charged with eight murders, he has only been convicted of the murder of brothel owner Harvey Jones and the murder-in-company of a tow-truck driver named Ronnie Flavell during an incident of road rage.
Smith was a big and very aggressive man and, in the mid 1970s, after serving time for rape and committing a number of armed robberies, he worked as a standover man for Murray Riley, who represented Australia in rowing at the 1952 and 1956 Olympics, winning a bronze medal in 1956. He became a distributor for heroin imported by Riley's syndicate, later setting up on his own with William Sinclair and Warren Fellows. Soon, he has claimed, he employed 10 dealers in Sydney's eastern suburbs and was turning over millions of dollars a year. His house in St Peters was turned into a fortress, with 2.5 metre walls, security doors and windows, and closed circuit television.
The most notorious point in the relationship with Rogerson occurred on June 27, 1981. Smith took a young heroin dealer, Warren Lanfranchi, to a meeting with Rogerson in Dangar Place, in inner city Chippendale, telling Lanfranchi he guaranteed his safety. Smith had met Lanfranchi in jail and the two had become friends. The reason Rogerson was so keen on a meeting that day, and why Lanfranchi felt obliged to attend, is still the subject of debate. One theory is that the violent Lanfranchi had been causing too much trouble: he had ripped off a heroin dealer who was under police protection and, on another occasion, pointed a gun at a police officer. According to this theory – denied by police – Lanfranchi hoped to make his peace with Rogerson, possibly through payment of a bribe.
On the day of his death, Lanfranchi was wearing a body shirt and tight trousers. Smith had made sure he did not wear a coat so it would be clear to police he was unarmed.
At the meeting, Rogerson shot Lanfranchi dead, later claiming this was done in self-defence because Lanfranchi had drawn a pistol.
The killing attracted considerable attention. The jury at the coronial inquest declined to say Rogerson had acted in self-defence. This was despite the fact the 18 police in the area when Lanfranchi was killed all supported Rogerson's version of events. Not one has ever suggested publicly there was anything amiss in their colleague's action, or implausible in the idea that Lanfranchi managed to smuggle a gun past Smith and then draw it against the well-armed detectives.
For years after the shooting, Lanfranchi's girlfriend, prostitute and heroin addict Sallie-Anne Huckstepp, claimed he had been murdered.
In 1986, Huckstepp, who had been making allegations about the corrupt relationship between Rogerson and Smith (which was not yet widely known), drowned in a shallow pond in Centennial Park. Smith was charged with her murder but acquitted. The case remains unsolved.
Smith later claimed that Rogerson and colleagues, as a reward for bringing Lanfranchi to the meeting in 1981, gave him a “green light” to commit crime. Police deny this.
In the mid-'80s Smith lost his regular source of supply and turned to armed robberies again, specialising in payrolls and making more than half a million dollars. He fell out with Rogerson, who was under pressure because of the relationship. In April 1986, he announced on television that Smith was a police informer. The next night, Smith was run down by a car in Waterloo.
Meanwhile, Rogerson was having his own problems. In June 1984, detective Michael Drury was shot through the window of his home. On what he thought was his deathbed, he claimed Rogerson had tried to bribe him to change the evidence he had been due to give at the drug trial of criminal Alan Williams. Drury had refused the offer and it later emerged that hitman Christopher Flannery had been hired to kill him, but he managed to survive.
Rogerson – who provided an alibi for Flannery at the time of the shooting – was charged with involvement in the attempted murder. He was dismissed from the police force for other reasons in 1986 and later acquitted of the murder charge.
One day in October 1987, Smith had a big drinking session with a group of people, including Rogerson. Towards evening, Smith and friend Glen Flack headed off alone and were involved in a collision with a tow truck. In the ensuing argument, Smith stabbed tow truck passenger Ronald Flavell, who died. The investigation stumbled when there was a break-in at the local police station and relevant documents were stolen but, in 1990, Smith was sentenced to life in prison for the murder.
In 1994 he boasted to a cellmate about having killed many people. The claims were secretly taped. Smith was charged with seven murders and tried for two – Sallie-Anne Huckstepp and brothel keeper Harvey Jones. He was acquitted of the former (as we have seen) and convicted and given a second life sentence for the latter. Smith is still alive and in prison, where Parkinson's diseases has confined him to a wheelchair for much of the time.
In his autobiography, Neddy, he wrote: “There has always been crime and corruption within the NSW police force but nothing like it was [in the 1980s] . . . I could never have committed any of the major crimes I did, and got away with them, without the assistance of the NSW police force. They were the best police force that money could buy – believe me, because I bought them hundreds of times.”
Rogerson returned to court several times, being convicted of involvement in drug dealing, which was overturned on appeal, and convicted and jailed on two occasions, once for perverting the course of justice in regard to using bank accounts in a false name, and once for lying to the Police Integrity Commission.
MAIN SOURCES: Neddy by Arthur Smith with Tom Noble; The Dark Side by Roger Rogerson;Huckstepp by John Dale; Line of Fire by Darren Goodsir; The Dodger by Duncan McNab;Gangland Australia by James Morton and Susanna Lobez; various articles in the Fairfax press by Wendy Bacon and other reporters over many years.
Blue Murder
Smith's claimed exploits, and those of allegedly corrupt New South Wales police officers, are depicted in the mini-series Blue Murder, based on Smith's book, Neddy, and produced by Australia's public broadcaster, ABC TV. First aired in most of Australia in 1995, the show was banned in New South Wales until 2001 due to the ICAC hearings, the Wood Royal Commission and outstanding contempt of court charges. Australian actor Tony Martin played Smith, while Richard Roxburgh played Rogerson.
In Blue Murder, Smith is shown murdering whistle-blower prostitute Sallie-Anne Huckstepp. Smith was recorded in his prison cell confessing to this crime, and later made the same confession to his publisher. However, he has otherwise consistently denied involvement in the murder and has maintained that he knew he was being secretly recorded in his cell and made the statement to gain publicity for his book. He was subsequently charged with Huckstepp's murder, but wasacquitted. In his second book, Catch and Kill Your Own, Smith implies ignorance, but told writer John Dale he knows who committed her murder and would release the information once the killer is dead.
Diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 1981, Smith served 14 years in Long Bay Correctional Centre, NSW, and was a regular patient at the prison hospital. In 2003 he was moved to Lithgow Correctional Centre. In 2008, The Daily Telegraph reported that Parkinson's medication had ceased being effective and that Smith's health had deteriorated, leaving him unable to maintain balance and using a wheelchair. Despite being imprisoned for the rest of his life, Smith continues to refuse to assist police with ongoing investigations of unsolved murders, which were not covered by the immunity granted to him in exchange for his testimony against allegedly corrupt police officers at the Independent Commission Against Corruption and the Wood Royal Commission hearings.
References:
Neddy: The Life and Crimes of Arthur Stanley Smith
Fellows, W., Marx, J., The Damage Done, Pan Macmillan Australia 1997 ISBN 1-84018-275-X
Smith, A.S. Catch and Kill Your Own: Behind the Killings the Police Don't Want to Solve, Pan Macmillan Australia, Sydney, 1997 ISBN 0-330-35627-5
Smith, A.S., Noble, T. Neddy: The Life and Crimes of Arthur Stanley Smith, Noble House, Sydney ISBN 0-9580996-0-X
Blue Murder, a re-imagined history
Lock me up in Long Bay, pleads sickly gangster Neddy Smith
Neddy the family man by his ex-wife
Regina v Arthur Stanley Smith (2000)
Regina v Arthur Stanley Smith Matter No 70082/96
Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service Final Report - Volume 1 - Corruption
Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service Final Report - Volume 2 - Reform
Neddy the fun family man - by his ex-wife
By Candace Sutton - February 23 2003 -The Sun-Herald
She was married for more than 20 years to Australia's most notorious criminal and brought up three children while their father was portrayed as a monster, gangster, rapist, thief, gunman and murderer. She lived the high life when her husband was on the outside and she cleaned houses on a supporting mother's pension when he was in jail.
But she has always defended him and says there is another side to him that only his family and friends know.
Now Debra Smith, the long-time wife of Arthur Stanley "Neddy" Smith, is divorced from the man who will never be released from jail.
And she has a new love in her life.
"We are still friends and I still visit him from time to time and the kids visit him every weekend," said Debra, who in the past two months has seen her two older children, Jaime, 26, and Darrin, 29, marry.
Because jail officials moved Smith last year from Long Bay to Lithgow prison, Jaime was unable to fulfil her wish of having a wedding with her father present.
In his Lithgow cell, Smith wrote a touching and eloquent address from the father of the bride to "my beautiful, loyal, warm and loving daughter", which was read at the wedding by his two sons.
"There wasn't a dry eye in the house," Debra said.
Almost 23 years earlier, Debra married Smith in Long Bay, when she was 22 and Smith, 12 years older, was serving time for stealing and goods in custody.
Their lives included holidays with people such as the now late hitman Christopher Dale Flannery, attempts on Neddy's life, police raids, court cases and, Debra says, many happy, warm moments with a man who adored his family.
"People always used to ask me questions: 'What was it like being Neddy Smith's wife?"' she said.
"I have been spat on, run off the road, threatened, victimised and treated like dirt.
"But there were the good sides and the funny sides as well as the bad sides of Ned and no one knows the real Ned like me and our children and he has never kept the truth from them.
"I'm not about to say that Ned was the devoted father or husband, or that he was innocent of all crimes.
"I was horrified to find out Ned was making money through drugs, but he went to jail.
"As funny as it may seem, Ned has always been as honest as he can."
The couple's lives together on the outside ended in 1988, when Smith was jailed for life for the murder in company of a tow-truck driver.
Smith was charged with seven other murders. He was acquitted of murdering prostitute Sallie-Anne Huckstepp and cleared at committal of killing heroin dealers Danny Chubb, Barry McCann, Barry Croft and Bruce Sandery.
He was convicted of only one, of brothel keeper Harvey Jones, and is planning a further appeal.
Smith was indicted over the murder of Lewton Shu, a drug dealer shot dead in the Royal National Park near Waterfall in 1983, but he will not face trial.
Nevertheless, he decided that "my wife has stuck by me for 13 years ... she had given me enough of her life. Just because my life had come to a stop, there was no need for hers to stop too", and instituted divorce proceedings from jail.
Debra, who is travelling overseas soon with her new man, says she is happy, has "put on weight because he's a good cook" and does not mind admitting she has found someone else. She said: "It's private just who he is, but people know I've met someone, so it's not secret.
"I still wore my wedding ring until a few weeks ago, when I gave it to Darrin for his wedding."
In between searching for legal loopholes to his life sentence, Smith is penning a third book and Debra is putting together the story of her life with him.
She has kept notes and photographs of their years together and has rollicking tales to tell.
Debra is no shrinking violet.
She once threw a shotgun in the back of the car and drove down to Sydney from their Newcastle home, after an attempt on Smith's life outside the Iron Duke Hotel at Alexandria.
When she caught her husband having a fling with another woman, she poured brake fluid over the woman's car.
Debra has met a kaleidoscope of people and seen corruption close at hand.
"Over the years I've been to many places with Ned where I have met police and their wives, judges, lawyers, magistrates and crooks," she said. "I'm not saying they were all corrupt, but they certainly knew who Ned was and what he did for a living and that did not deter them one bit.
"These were not friends. This was strictly business. They knew it and so did I."
She says she would like to write an honest book, not in defence of her former husband, but to show his other side and tell the untold tales.
"I once said to Ned, if I wrote a book and they put that together with his books, they'd have a pretty interesting script for a movie.
"When they made Blue Murder, if only that [writer] Ian David had come and had a talk with me, he could have got it right, instead of some of that rubbish he put in the script."
Two scenes in the ABC TV miniseries to which Debra particularly objected were her being portrayed in bed with Smith and giving him a slap; and when Smith and former associate Graham "Abo" Henry were with their wives and families and Henry is brandishing a gun in front of the children and swearing at them.
Debra said she and Smith had a great sex life in their marriage but slapping him was not in her character.
Second, Smith was very strict about how children shouldLock me up in Long Bay, pleads sickly gangster Neddy Smith
May 27 2003
“No jail wants me”… Neddy Smith, who was convicted of killing a brother-keeper in 1983.
Stephen Gibbs reports on the inmate who is not welcome at the only jail offering good medical care.
Ailing Sydney gangster Neddy Smith has been shifted into a public hospital and says he is so ill and unwanted that no NSW jail will take him.
Since being suddenly moved from Long Bay - his home for 14 years - to Lithgow last August, Smith has suffered rapidly deteriorating health and has been transferred to hospitals six times.
In the past eight months nurses have responded to more than a dozen emergency calls for Smith, the most recent of which saw him driven from Lithgow to Prince of Wales Hospital in Randwick after he collapsed again last Thursday.
Smith, serving life for the 1983 murder of brothel-keeper Harvey Jones, was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease 23 years ago and is suffering from advanced paralysis.
His uncontrollable tremors mean he cannot write, or clean his teeth without an electric toothbrush, and he even has trouble climbing the two steps onto a prison transport truck.
Smith says he has been told privately by prison officers he is not wanted at Long Bay, the only jail close to the specialist treatment he needs.
Lithgow jail is staffed by nurses only between 7am and 8pm while a doctor visits one day a week for six hours. Outside those hours medical help can take 40 minutes to arrive.
The 58-year-old's nursing log reveals continual call-outs for falls, blackouts, instances of chest pains, states of confusion and dizziness, blurred vision and difficulty in swallowing.
In a letter to the director of the prison system's clinical services, Christine Callaghan, Lithgow jail's acting nursing unit manager, Debbie Little, outlined her concerns about Smith's deteriorating health and his housing.
Ms Little wrote that Smith should have a hand rail in his cell to get in and out of bed, and shower and toilet rails to reduce falls. Smith visits a neurologist at Prince of Wales, which requires brief stays at Long Bay, from where he was shanghaied on August 8 last year after the July 30 stabbing of a fellow inmate.
At the time, the Department of Corrective Services said Smith - a model prisoner for the past decade - was being moved for "safety and security reasons". No evidence was found to take action against anyone over the stabbing.
"Whilst I understand there are difficulties with regards to classification of this inmate," Ms Little wrote on May 7, "I feel we have a duty of care to provide appropriate medical treatment to this inmate, which we are unable to do at Lithgow Correctional Centre. "As this inmate's disease progresses, our ability to provide appropriate medical care will continue to decrease."
Smith's ex-wife Debra, who visited her former husband in the prison annexe of Prince of Wales on Saturday, said Smith told her he was stuck at the hospital "because no jail wants me".
Mrs Smith acknowledges most NSW citizens would have little or no sympathy for Smith, but says he is being subjected to inhumane treatment.
"It is Ned Smith, and he has done this and that," Mrs Smith said yesterday. "When they lock you up they can take away your life. They take away your family and friends. They can take away your privileges.
"But they cannot take away your humanity and that's what they're doing with him as far as I'm concerned."
A Corrective Services spokesman said yesterday: "Discussions with Corrections Health Service medical staff will take place to evaluate the correct placement for Smith.
"And then following that advice he'll be placed. That could be anywhere."
The Institute was founded in 1946 by a group of key figures at the Tavistock Clinic including Elliott Jaques, Henry Dicks, Leonard Browne, Ronald Hargreaves, John Rawlings Rees, Mary Luff and Wilfred Bion, with Tommy Wilson as chairman, funded by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation. Other well-known names that joined the group later were John D. Sutherland, John Bowlby, Eric Trist, and Fred Emery. Kurt Lewin, a member of the Frankfurt school in America, was an important influence on the work of the Tavistock, according to Eric Trist, who expresses his admiration for Lewin in his autobiography.
Perhaps the most influential figure to emerge from the Institute was the psychoanalyst Isabel Menzies Lyth. Her seminal (1959) paper 'A case study in the functioning of social systems as a defence against anxiety' inspired a whole of organisational theory focused on unconscious forces that shape organisational life.
Many of these founding members of the Tavistock Institute went on to play major roles in psychology. John Rawlings Rees became first president of the World Federation for Mental Health.
Jock Sutherland became director of the new post-war Tavistock Clinic, when it was incorporated into the newly established British National Health Service in 1946. Ronald Hargreaves became deputy director of the World Health Organization. Tommy Wilson became chairman of the Tavistock Institute.
Many well-known psychologists and psychiatrists have passed through the Tavistock Institute over the years, and it became known as the focal point in Britain for psychoanalysis and the psychodynamic theories of Sigmund Freud and his followers. Other names associated with the Tavistock are Melanie Klein, Carl Gustav Jung, J. A. Hadfield, Beckett, Charles Rycroft, Wilfred Bion, and R. D. Laing.
Current Activities of the Tavistock Institute
According to its website, the Institute engages in educational, research, and consultancy work in the social sciences and applied psychology. Its clients are chiefly public sector organisations, including the European Union, several British government departments, and some private clients. The Institute owns Human Relations, the international social sciences journal. It also edits the journal Evaluation.
It provides two MSc degree courses:
The Tavistock Institute shares common roots with other organisations that emerged from the Tavistock Clinic. This is a source of much confusion, though the facts can be ascertained from the historical account of the Tavistock by Eric Trist, one time chairman of the Institute.
The Clinic is now part of a National Health Service trust, while the "Tavistock Institute", which once did research in many areas and was funded by many sources, is now a charity.
The name "Tavistock Institute of Medical Psychology", which was the name used for the original parent body, is now used to refer to an organisation that grew out of that parent body but now specialises in couples relationships under the section name of the "Tavistock Centre for Couple Relationships".
In popular culture the Tavistock Institute is often associated with conspiracy theories, the most popular of which link it to The Beatles.
The Rough Guide to Conspiracy Theories notes that the Tavistock Institute has been named by some theorists in their worldviews, including having a part in "The most extravagant anti-Illuminati conspiracy theory" of John Coleman "known as [the] 'Aquarian Conspiracy'. This totalitarian agenda culminates in the Illuminati 'taking control of education in America with the intent and purpose of utterly and completely destroying it.'" By "'means of rock music and drugs to rebel against the status quo, thus undermining and eventually destroying the family unit'.".
The Citizens Electoral Council of Australia, a minor far-right party has alleged that the Institute, acting under the orders of the Royal Family, was responsible for thePort Arthur massacre in which 35 people were killed by Martin Bryant.
The Huffington Post also mentioned this idea "from popular conspiracy theorist Dr. John Coleman", saying that "The Tavistock Institute is a publicly known British charity founded in 1947, but conspiracy theorists believe the Institute's real purpose is to similarly engineer the world's culture." The Post looks at Coleman's claimThe Beatles popularity was an Illuminati plot to advance the "Aquarian Conspiracy"..
The popular BuzzFeed website also listed the theory of a connection between the Beatles and the Tavistock Institute at number four on its list of "7 Ridiculous Conspiracy Theories".
Laing came to the Tavistock Institute in 1956 at the invitation of Jock Sutherland, who was then director of the Tavistock Clinic, to train on a grant.[4] His training, under Charles Rycroft, was at the Institute of Psychoanalysis.[5] He left in 1965, and went on to develop his own ideas, particularly with regard to schizophrenia, which he suggested might be a natural and understandable curative process, rather than a disease of the mind. His views of schizophrenia, based largely on the concept of family nexus, were explained in a series of famous books such as Sanity, Madness and the Family. Laing is often associated with the Antipsychiatry movement.
CAREER criminal Neddy Smith has been given the green light to save struggling ABC boss Jonathan Shier.
The Director of Public Prosecutions last night cleared the way for the network to screen its award-winning mini-series Blue Murder in NSW, by no billing an indictment against Smith, 56,
for the murder of drug dealer Lewton Shu in 1983.
The decision comes in the nick of time for the ABC with OzTAM figures showing the network has hit rock bottom under Mr Shier.
Blue Murder is based on the exploits of corrupt NSW police and criminals during the '80s.
It stars Tony Martin as Neddy Smith, Gary Sweet as hit man Christopher Dale Flannery and Richard Roxburgh as Roger Rogerson. Since 1995 it has screened in all other Australian states twice,
but it could not be shown in NSW because of the charges outstanding against Smith.
According to the ABC, pirate videotapes of the series have been in hot demand around Sydney. Critics consider it one of the best programs ever screened on Australian television.
The head of publicity at the ABC said the program would be scheduled nationally and probably would not go to air for another six weeks.
The decision by the DPP means little to Smith who is serving life for murdering brothel owner Harvey Jones in 1983.
It was the only conviction to arise out of seven murder charges against Smith after a cellmate secretly recorded their conversations and went to the police.
By Peter Lalor And Anthony Peterson - Daily Telegraph - July 13, 2001
Almost all the chilling truth
Is Blue Murder an accurate portrayal of events? Or is it racy fiction wrapped around a thin skeleton of facts to make electrifying television? Or a bit of both?
There are doubts about the show's claim of being a true representation of the police and underworld wars. Such reservations are understandable, given the brazen, nonchalant way in which corrupt deals and killings are presented.
But not only are the scenes believable, they are, in more than 90 per cent of the cases, chillingly accurate. And that's what makes Blue Murder all the more terrifying.
Screenwriter Ian David researched the story extensively and interviewed some of the players. He also blended truthfully the themes raised in the two books that provided the platform for the production. So intent was he on accuracy that many scenes were filmed where they took place.
For instance, undercover policeman Michael Drury's shooting was filmed in the home where the event occurred. Roger Rogerson's barbecue with Neddy Smith and other mates was filmed in the real Rogerson's former backyard in Condell Park, and drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi is shot in the Chippendale laneway where the real Lanfranchi was shot.
But for pedants, there are some issues worthy of debate.
Smith is shown murdering Sallie-Anne Huckstepp but he has been acquitted of this crime. He is shown throwing solicitor Brian Alexander off a boat, but he has never been convicted of it.
It is highly unlikely that Smith, or any of Rogerson's colleagues, were privy to the talks about the attempted killing of Drury. And Rogerson never smoked cigarettes.
There are other small errors, but given the body of work that is assembled, and the multitude of events canvassed, they are minor.
However, on the flipside, Smith did confront CIB chief Noel Morey at Morey's boozy farewell, but perhaps not in the manner depicted; Smith did accompany Rogerson to many police functions; and hitman Christopher Dale Flannery visited hospital to see if he could "finish the job" after failing to kill Drury.
Another feature that has intrigued some viewers is the matter-of-fact way in which Drury reacted to the offer of a bribe from Rogerson. It is this author's view that Drury's nonplussed response says more about the state of the police then, rather then anything to do with Drury's integrity.
Darren Goodsir is a Herald journalist and the author of Line of Fire, upon which Blue Murder is partly based.
By Darren Goodsir - Sydney Morning Herald - Thursday, August 2, 2001
Blue Murder Part One
Blue Murder Part Two
Blue Murder Part Three
Blue Murder Part Four
Click here for parts 1-21 of Blue Murder
Please see: www.inlnews.com/bluemurder_corruptpolice
Please Click here to view parts 1 to 21 of Blue Murder
Blue Murder Part Twenty- One of 40 parts
Blue Murder parts continued below..
AT LAST… THE STORY NSW AND THE ACT WAS NEVER ALLOWED TO SEE!
BLUE MURDER
The most controversial drama series ever made in Australia, BLUE MURDER, will finally screen in NSW and the ACT six years after it was prevented from broadcast. The two part series will begin Tuesday 31 July at 9.30pm, concluding Wednesday 1 August at 9.30pm.
The highly acclaimed drama that delves into corruption in the NSW police force and crime underworld of the 80's, was legally embargoed from screening in NSW and the ACT because underworld identity Neddy Smith, one of the key characters in the series, was charged with seven counts of murder just before the program was due to be broadcast in 1995.
Earlier this month, the Director of Public Prosecutions decided not to prosecute Neddy Smith for the murder of Lewton Shu, clearing the way for the first ever screening of BLUE MURDER in NSW and the ACT.
In all other States and Territories, the BBC drama CARE will screen at the same time.
BLUE MURDER begins with Sydney criminal Neddy Smith's activities in the late 1970's, charting his gradual acceptance into a circle of corrupt police officers led by top cop Rogerson and culminates with the shooting of policeman Michael Drury and the crumbling of Rogerson's empire in the late 80's. The series features an outstanding cast including Richard Roxburgh as Dt Sgt Roger Rogerson, Tony Martin as Needy Smith and Steve Bastoni as Michael Drury, with Gary Sweet, Alex Dimitriades, Peter Phelps, Marcus Graham and Bill Hunter.
BLUE MURDER is an ABC / Southern Star Entertainment Production. Written by Ian David. Directed by Michael Jenkins. Produced by Rod Allan.
BLUE MURDER (NSW AND ACT ONLY)
Screens Tuesday 31 July and Wednesday 1 August at 9.30pm
The award-winning drama series Blue Murder, which colourfully re-creates Sydney's 1980s underworld, will screen on television in NSW for the first time next week.
The ABC's legal and scheduling departments finally gave Blue Murder the green light to be screened here and in the ACT yesterday, six years after it was shown in the rest of Australia.
Featuring Tony Martin as notorious criminal Neddy Smith and Richard Roxburgh as infamous detective-sergeant Roger Rogerson, it will air in two parts at 9.30pm on Tuesday and Wednesday.
Already widely viewed on bootleg copies by police, lawyers, criminals and anyone else interested in such fare, the program is still expected to be a ratings success for the ABC.
Blue Murder was pulled from screening in NSW in 1995 when Smith was charged with seven 1980s murders, all of which have now been dealt with by courts.
Four of those murder charges were dropped at committal, one led to conviction at trial, one was "no billed" by the Director of Public Prosecutions earlier this month and one, that of Sallie-Anne Huckstepp, ended in acquittal by jury.
Despite that verdict, Blue Murder will still go to air with a scene in which Smith kills Huckstepp.
The first part of the series features Smith being awarded a "green light" to commit crimes by police grateful for Smith's favourable evidence at the inquest into the death of drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi, whom Rogerson shot in 1981.
It culminates with the shooting of drug squad detective Michael Drury by hitman Chris Flannery, in a conspiracy involving Melbourne drug dealer Alan Williams and Rogerson, who in real-life was cleared of involvement. The second part follows the flawed investigation into Drury's shooting, Flannery's and Huckstepp's murders, Rogerson's career downfall and Smith's descent to prison, where he has remained since.
By Stephen Gibbs - Sydney Morning Herald - Thursday, July 26, 2001ABC rushes Blue Murder
THE ABC's controversial award-winning miniseries Blue Murder about Sydney's underworld will be shown nearly a month ahead of schedule in NSW next week.
The program was due to air in late August but an ABC spokeswoman said the threat of legal action forced the network to screen it early.
"We have to move quickly to screen it because there may be charges pending against some other well-known people portrayed in the show which might stop us from screening it," she said.
"We've been given a small window of opportunity and our lawyers have given us clearance to screen it, but we have to do it quickly."
The 1995 production, which has been shown twice in all states except NSW, dramatises police corruption and underworld activities in the 1980s. It could not be shown in NSW because of outstanding charges against Neddy Smith, who is serving a life sentence for murdering brothel owner Harvey Jones in 1983.
Two weeks ago the Director of Public Prosecutions cleared the way for the series to be screened in NSW by no-billing an indictment against Smith, 56, for the murder of drug dealer Lewton Shu in 1983.
Based on Smith's autobiography and the book Line of Fire about the 1984 shooting of drug squad cop Michael Drury, Blue Murder depicts various underworld killings.
It stars Tony Martin as Neddy Smith, Gary Sweet as hit man Christopher Dale Flannery and Richard Roxburgh as Roger Rogerson.
* Blue Murder airs on the ABC next Tuesday and Wednesday at 9.30pm
Better late than never
As Blue Murder gets the all-clear to screen in NSW, Tony Davis takes a personal look at the events covered in the controversial drama.
It is truly odd that one of the best pieces of television drama ever produced in Australia has never screened in NSW, the country's most populous State and the one in which 90 per cent of the story is set. But that's the case with Blue Murder, winner of multiple AFI awards, which screened in the rest of the country in 1995. Now, following a decision by the Director of Public Prosecutions not to pursue Neddy Smith over a 1983 murder, the ABC will air the miniseries over two nights, from Tuesday.
Those who have not managed to beg, borrow or otherwise obtain an interstate video of Blue Murder during the past six years should get ready for an absolutely compelling re-creation of real-life events from the early 1980s.
With brilliant and appalling ferocity, Blue Murder recalls an era unlike any other in Australian criminal history, one in which certain police and crooks formed a partnership to more effectively commit crimes that at least one side of the equation was meant to prevent.
Blue Murder is a masterful piece of scripting, direction and acting. Rapid-fire conversations overlap while cameras follow the action in documentary-style, always giving you the sense you are moving among real and dangerous people rather than having scripted lines delivered to you.
Some of the greatest names of the Sydney underworld are portrayed: Christopher Dale Flannery, the hitman known as Rent-a-kill; Warren Lanfranchi, the heroin dealer who preferred a baseball bat to a well-structured argument when it came to financial negotiations; Lanfranchi's girlfriend, the glamorous and screwed-up Sallie-Anne Huckstepp; and above all others, Neddy and The Dodger.
Neddy was Arthur Stanley Smith, the drug dealer and armed-hold-up specialist given the green light by certain police to commit any crime (except murdering police), as long as he shared the proceeds. Neddy left bank robberies in police cars, while the cops up front radioed headquarters to say they'd lost the trail of the suspects.
The Dodger was Detective Sergeant Roger Rogerson, whose name will forever be prefixed by the words "disgraced" and "former". He became a household name in the early 1980s after winning a supposed OK-Corral-style shootout with Warren Lanfranchi in a Chippendale lane.
Generally less mentioned in this whole story but equally important—from this writer's point of view, at least—is me.
Blue Murder, which I watched in one breathless sitting, took me back to Glebe Coroner's Court in 1981 where, as a second-year newspaper cadet, I spent day after day with many of the "cast", sitting just a few steps away from Rogerson, Huckstepp and others, watching their every movement, reporting on each word said.
I was 20 years old. There are a lot of things I was at 20 that I am glad I am not now. Gullible is one of them. Sure, one senior policeman might play with the truth, I thought. But not two, or three, or four… and surely entire events and interviews wouldn't be invented from scratch.
It seemed so clear cut: Detective Sergeant Rogerson was a policeman with bravery commendations and Lanfranchi was a drug dealer. Officer after officer supported the story that Lanfranchi had pulled a gun first. OK, there were no fingerprints on the butt, but police forensic experts said that was not unusual.
Later revelations would change public perceptions of the NSW Police Force. Back then there still was a general sense that even when the police occasionally bent the rules, they were still operating in our best interests.
Anyway, during the Lanfranchi trial the other side overplayed its hand. During the court breaks, a cavalcade of interested parties came to the little windowless press room or stopped me in the corridor to explain that senior police controlled the State's entire heroin trade, had committed bashings, murders and more besides; that Rogerson, in spite of his modest income, leased a Lamborghini.
It seemed too far-fetched to be true, and later events showed it wasn't true. It was a Bentley, for example, and Rogerson owned rather than leased it.
I was reporting for the News Limited newspapers: The Daily Mirror, The Daily Telegraph and The Australian. My court-reporting training had consisted of being shown around Glebe Coroner's Court by the cadet I replaced, and of me asking as many questions as would be tolerated by the other permanent press-room fixture—a young reporter from Fairfax's late and unlamented The Sun.
Being a newspaper cadet in the blokey, beer-soaked atmosphere of early 1980s journalism is the sort of thing you are glad to have done, but would never do again. I spent several months as a graveyard-shift ambulance-chaser and remember it as a time of fires, car crashes, deathknocks and bullet-ventilated bodies face-down in parks.
Some of those bodies, we later learned, belonged to people who had been in the orbit of Lanfranchi, Smith and Rogerson, but for me at the time there was never a sense that any of the criminal goings-on I saw each week were likely to endanger average punters—or involved the police.
There was great camaraderie on police rounds. Senior journos drank with influential cops or chatted about wives and kids while the warehouse fire blazed or Police Rescue unwrapped the car from the pole. Some old-hand reporters could get traffic fines pulled and more. Rogerson received a bouquet of "hero" stories the morning after the Lanfranchi shooting.
The situation served the press and the police well. The only people who lost out were the public.
Glebe Coroner's Court, where I was stationed for several months, was directly above the morgue. A rather strange employee, who kept his lunch in the cold room, delighted in taking young reporters through his domain, leading the way through a field of unclad corpses on steel trolleys parked in neat rows, or through the autopsy rooms where cadavers were being pulled to pieces. "This is a motorcycle accident and this is a drowning," he would explain, but his favourite show-and-tells were the ones in the freezer drawers, the often butchered or burnt corpses being kept as evidence. Warren Lanfranchi's was among these, deteriorating and blighted with some sort of fungus.
Lanfranchi was not much older than I was. His world couldn't have been more different and, as evidence came out, it showed beyond doubt there were two completely separate Sydneys existing at the same time with very little interaction between them.
Blue Murder authentically depicts the amazing things that were happening in unremarkable-looking pubs and restaurants around Glebe, Surry Hills and Chinatown. They were places I had walked past hundreds of times with scarcely a thought that there might be a bashing in progress, a hit being organised, the proceeds of a job being split or police and crims drunkenly engaging in a target-shooting contest in the basement.
Blue Murder does not judge. It merely presents a well-informed view of what happened, and, in showing the charisma, bravery and brutality of Neddy and The Dodger, helps explain the control this unlikely partnership established.
If there's proof of a good historical re-enactment, it's when you become so involved with the characters they become fixed in your mind as the real people. When I see actual footage of Neddy or the Dodger, they don't look quite right—yet when, say, Tony Martin turns up on screen I immediately think of Neddy Smith and even shiver a little.
Writing this story made me go back and look for my old newspaper clippings. The court stories I covered—the Lanfranchi shooting, the Harry M. Miller fraud trial, the notorious severed-head-and-fingers murder of Kim Barry in Wollongong and others—were filed by phone in great haste during adjournments. They became littered with typos and literals as they were quickly shunted through copytakers, sub-editors working with pencils, then compositors shaping the words mirror-wise in hot metal.
Anyone who thinks media standards are slipping ought to search out newspapers from that era and compare. And anyone who harks back to the good old days when the streets were safe and the cops were on our side should watch Blue Murder.
Sydney Morning Herald - Monday, July 30, 2001
The who's who of Blue Murder
Detective Sergeant Roger Rogerson
Once considered among the local constabulary's finest, "The Dodger" was brave enough to stare down the likes of Christopher Dale Flannery and Neddy Smith. Rogerson cultivated friends and allies in high and low places and was ruthless in the way he did business. He shot Warren Lanfranchi in a narrow lane in 1981—supposedly after Lanfranchi drew a gun on him—and watched his empire crash down soon afterwards. Played beautifully by Richard Roxburgh.
Currently A free man (acquitted of conspiring to murder Michael Drury, he served three years in the '90s for conspiring to pervert the course of justice), although the Police Integrity Commission recommended this year he be criminally charged on three counts.
Arthur Stanley "Neddy" Smith
The dangerous and highly intelligent crook with a heart of venom. His frightening autobiography, Neddy, illustrates a man operating on a completely different moral code to the rest of us (though, alas, on the same moral code as several powerful NSW policemen). Tony Martin delivers with chilling authenticity.
Currently Serving a life sentence for murder and suffering from Parkinson's disease. He was acquitted in 1999 of the murder of Sallie-Anne Huckstepp.
Michael Drury
The cop who claimed he wouldn't take a bribe from Rogerson and almost paid for it with his life. Steve Bastoni interviewed Michael Drury to get the role right, and plays him with enough ambiguity to ensure he is not a cliched hero. Bizarrely, Michael Drury and wife Pam came on set to see the scene in which Drury is shot in his Chatswood home.
Currently Retired from the NSW Police Force last year.
Christopher Dale Flannery
The wild hitman known as Rent-a-kill. The unlikely casting of Gary Sweet is a triumph and Blue Murder leaves no doubt about Flannery's much-discussed fate.
Currently Believed dead.
Warren Lanfranchi
Petty crim and drug dealer, shot by Rogerson. It was claimed by Lanfranchi's family he had $10,000 on his person at the time of the shooting. It was not there when the body arrived at the morgue. The Blue Murder account is very different to the one Rogerson detailed under oath. A 21-year-old Alex Dimitriades does the honours.
Currently Dead.
Sallie-Anne Huckstepp
Prostitute, drug addict and girlfriend of heroin dealer Warren Lanfranchi—yet glamorous enough to captivate television cameras and become a household name with her allegations about Rogerson. Before playing the role, Loene Carmen interviewed Huckstepp's daughter, Sasha, who herself turns up as a nurse in Blue Murder.
Currently Dead.
Ian David
The writer of Police Crop, Joh's Jury and other classy TV dramas, David based his Blue Murder script on In the Line of Fire (the story of Michael Drury by Herald journalist Darren Goodsir) and Neddy, by Neddy Smith with Tom Noble. He also met Smith, conducted hundreds of other interviews and suffered real-life threats and burglaries while working on the project.
Currently President of the Screen Writers' Guild; developing a miniseries about the Ivan Milat backpacker murders.
Michael Jenkins
The director of Blue Murder, Jenkins also worked on the controversial '80s miniseries Scales of Justice.
Currently Working on Young Lions, a drama pilot for Nine, and developing a film on the life of Ned Kelly.
Blue Murder screens on the ABC on Tuesday and Wednesday night at 9.30pm.
Real-life drama in TV classic
WHEN Blue Murder screens tonight, NSW viewers will finally be able to make up their own minds on what is fact or just good television.
While the truth may never be known, Blue Murder writer Ian David yesterday admitted he had received threatening phone-calls, had his home broken into and heavy criticism from some of the people portrayed in the confronting drama.
The events depicted in Blue Murder are based on Neddy Smith's autobiography and journalist Darren Goodsir's In the Line of Fire, as well as David's own research and interviews.
But the writer said while the events were necessarily dramatised, he stood by his work saying it was as close to reality as he could make it.
"It was the best we could do for the time," he said.
"When I look back on it I'm quite pleased that it still stands up."
The series centres on the infamous shootings of drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi by detective Roger Rogerson in Dangar Place, Chippendale. It also deals with the shooting of policeman Michael Drury at his home–allegedly by missing hitman Christopher Dale Flannery.
Other incidents shown include Neddy Smith killing Lanfranchi's prostitute girlfriend Sallie-Anne Huckstepp–a murder for which he was later acquitted.
David said he would watch the show with director Michael Jenkins and actor Tony Martin, who portrayed Smith, over a few beers.
The actor on whom the production relies most, Richard Roxburgh, yesterday was filming a movie in London but said his chief fear after playing the role was the reaction of his real life character Roger Rogerson.
While Rogerson, who watched part of the TV show during a 60 Minutes interview, has always maintained he shot Lanfranchi in self-defence, the former detective sergeant is said to have liked Roxburgh's portrayal–apart from his smoking and piano playing.
"It was a very weird hall of mirrors experience as I watched Roger watching me being him," Roxburgh said.
But another of the four former police officers who witnessed the shooting in Dangar Place was yesterday not so forgiving of any dramatic licence.
Retired Detective Sergeant Rodney Moore was driving his white Volvo only metres from Rogerson when he saw the 1981 shooting.
Mr Moore, now working as a labourer, said that while Blue Murder was good entertainment, he was angry at the depiction of the character Mal Rivers.
"They have got this 'Mal Rivers' taking money out of Lanfranchi's strides," he said. "This is just absolute rubbish. What happened was what was in the coroner's court. Lanfranchi pulled out a gun and Rogerson shot him."
July 31, 2001 – Daily Telegraph
Six years after it was made, Blue Murder has been a triumph for the ABC. On Tuesday night it averaged 379,000 viewers in Sydney. It had been shown in other Australian cities years ago, but legal cases involving the key characters delayed its presentation in its state of origin.
An audience of 379,000, as measured by OzTAM, may not sound huge compared to the 800,000 who watched Thorpie winning gold medals last week, but let's put it in context. Sydney people, in common with the rest of Australia, tend to go to bed early, so it's rare for any program starting at 9.30pm to attract more than 300,000 viewers.
Channel Ten's much publicised youth drama, The Secret Life of Us, which screens at 9.30pm on Mondays, scored 251,000 viewers this week, while Nine's Sex and the City, showing at the same time, scored 310,000. The critically acclaimed The West Wing, which showed at 10.30 on Tuesday night, attracted 150,000.
Blue Murder did surprisingly well with what TV programmers call the "youth demographic", who would have been at primary school when the events in the show happened. About 129,000 Blue Murder viewers were aged between 16 and 39 (while the usual youth favourite, Rove Live on Ten, attracted 143,000 groovers).
Normally the ABC's most watched program of the week is The Bill, which attracted 381,000 Sydney viewers on Tuesday—considerably more than its usual 320,000. This suggests Blue Murder encouraged some eager viewers to tune in early. Perhaps the ABC should show it every night.
By David Dale - Sydney Morning Herald - Thursday, August 2, 2001
A gutsy cops-and-robbers story shot in our backyard and speaking our language, that's why this drama is a hit. And it should help a few actors' careers, writes David Dale.
It was made six years ago, about events that happened 20 years ago. The photography is grainy at times, and you can't understand a lot of the dialogue. Many of the characters are not clearly identified, and their motives are obscure.
Some of the events are implausible, bordering on preposterous. One of the real people portrayed in it has said: "It's not a bad movie as a drama, but it's all bullshit."
So why did Blue Murder work so well with Sydney viewers, and why will it launch or relaunch so many showbiz careers? A few possible explanations…
It confirms the deepest archetypes of our city. We like to think of ourselves as living in a rough, tough pragmatic town. Sydney's first police officers were criminals, because Governor Phillip appointed 12 of his most trusted convicts as "the Night Watch" in 1790. That interchangeability established a tradition which lasted at least 200 years.
Sydneysiders have always believed their coppers were a bit bent, and haven't been too fussed about it, as long as somebody came around to commiserate about break-ins. If Roger Rogerson dispensed a bit of vigilante justice, that was what those scum needed. If the cops let Neddie Smith bash a few blokes at a two-up game, or helped him throw a crooked lawyer to the sharks, that's what defines us as an exciting metropolis.
We sometimes wondered if the rumours about powerful people we were hearing in the pub were just urban myths. Blue Murder showed they were true. And when Neddie describes the show as "bullshit"—well, he would say that, wouldn't he?
It speaks our language. Thugs and cops don't articulate like trained thespians, and it was a brave move for Blue Murder's director, Michael Jenkins, to let them mumble some of the time, and for the ABC not to censor the f- words and the c- words or tone down the brutality in an attempt to enlarge the audience. It's late-night viewing, designed for people who don't mind a little mental exercise to fill in the gaps.
We want to encourage the ABC to return to its glory days. Once upon a time the ABC had money to spend on dangerous drama that held up a mirror to Australian society. Now the ABC has a boss who thinks The Weakest Link is groundbreaking television.
It has familiar actors at the top of their game. As the moustachioed villain in Moulin Rouge, Richard Roxburgh was just silly (in accordance with the director's instructions). As the South African sidekick to the Scottish sadist in Mission: Impossible II, he was wimpy. For the past six years, we've been underestimating him—because we weren't allowed to see Blue Murder. Finally we know what a charming monster he can be.
If we saw Wildside (also directed by Michael Jenkins) on TV two years ago, we know Tony Martin can do an idealistic cop barely under control, and if we saw The Interview at the movies or on video (or best of all, on DVD), we know Tony Martin can do a cop who might just be crooked. But we never knew he could make us feel sorry for a brutal killer.
We'd gone off Gary Sweet lately, but now that we've finally seen his hyped-up Rent-a-Kill, we look forward to a comeback (even without the fluff-wig). And why haven't we seen anything lately of Loene Carmen, who played Sallie-Anne Huckstepp (after an auspicious start as the love interest in The Year My Voice Broke)? Blue Murder even managed to remind us that Ray Martin was once a subtle interviewer.
It has impeccable period detailing, smart jokes and a car chase. Blue Murder isn't homework, it isn't a sociological duty, it isn't subsidised culture—it is just entertaining. How about Neddie's big-collar shirts and wide lapels, the Dodger's cardigan, the barbie round the pool, the gorgeous sunset on the harbour, and dialogue such as "How many other blokes have got a green light?" "No-one—we shot all the others".
These days every successful Hollywood thriller must contain a car chase, a sex scene, violence treated flippantly, ironic pop culture references, a flawed hero who undergoes a symbolic death-and-resurrection, and an ambiguous ending. Ian David didn't know any of that when he wrote the screenplay, years ahead of David Chase's brilliant work on The Sopranos.
All we need now is for Blue Murder to be released on DVD, on sale at ABC shops with a second disc containing deleted scenes, commentaries by writer, director and actors, and a documentary explaining why it took so long to reach us.
It might just earn enough money to make the ABC feel like doing it all again.
By David Dale - Sydney Morning Herald - Thursday, August 2, 2001
Sydney is a town where word of mouth can work wonders. The second night of Blue Murder did even better for the ABC than the first night.
Driven by enthusiastic reports about Tuesday's first episode of the true-crime saga, an extra 54,000 Sydneysiders tuned in to the ABC on Wednesday, bringing the total audience to 433,000—an amazing figure for any 90-minute show starting at 9.30pm.
But, if the ABC can possibly find a way to shoot itself in the foot, it will. If you looked at the Sydney ratings figures released by OzTAM yesterday morning, you would have found no mention of Blue Murder. Instead, the ratings showed that, in Sydney, Foreign Correspondent got 443,000 viewers and Lateline got 412,000—record performances for both shows.
An ABC spokesman explained that the person responsible for notifying OzTAM of changes in the national programming schedule was based in Melbourne and had not known that Blue Murder was running (in Sydney only) over two nights.
Sorry, Jennifer Byrne, but any pay rise you may get for more than doubling your Foreign Correspondent audience will have to be passed on to actors Richard Roxburgh and Tony Martin, writer Ian David and director Michael Jenkins.
By David Dale - Sydney Morning Herald -Friday, August 3, 2001
April 2000: He was Australia's most notorious cop.
A real-life Dirty Harry who finally crossed the line and finished in jail. Roger Rogerson was the teak-hard NSW detective who instilled fear in Sydney's underworld with his rough-house policing ways.
That, he tells Jeff McMullen, was absolutely deliberate. "You must create fear. Crims, be they tough crims, hard crims, they feared certain police officers and I was one of them".
In this chilling interview, Rogerson talks about the killing of drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi, the shooting of fellow detective Mick Drury and other episodes that made his name infamous throughout Australia - 60 Minutes: The Enforcer
Tough Nuts: Australia's Hardest Criminals
The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations (TIHR) applies social science to contemporary issues and problems. It was established as a not for profit organisation with charitable purpose in 1947.
The Institute is engaged with evaluation and action research, organisational development and change consultancy, executive coaching and professional development, all in service of supporting sustainable change and ongoing learning.
The TIHR is dedicated to the study of human relations for the purpose of bettering working life and conditions for all humans within their organisations, communities and broader societies and to the influence of environment in all its aspects on the formation or development of human character or capacity; to conduct research and provide opportunities for learning through experience for this purpose; to publish the results of such study and research; to train students in or for any branches of the said study.
The Institute has a history of working with organisations and sectors that are required to look at systemic questions to achieve greater and more effective change. As a not-for-profit social science enterprise we continue to operate as a bridge between policy and research in that our staff always ask the questions ‘so..?’ when faced with any data- what does the data mean? And, how can we apply it and make sense of it in a way that will serve the purpose for which we work?
The Institute works nationally and internationally to promote a learning culture in organisations and communities through developing individuals, groups and organisations in their capacity to think through actions, to change and put into practice new insights and in accompanying a process of change of quality of conversations and engagement.
The Tavistock Society of Psychotherapists (TSP) is the professional body for psychotherapists who have trained at the Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust.
This includes psychoanalytic psychotherapists, child and adolescent psychotherapists, psychodynamic psychotherapists, psychodynamic group psychotherapists and couples psychotherapists.
The TSP is a Member Institution (MI) of the British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) and so membership of the TSP also affords entry into the BPC.
All TSP members are expected to be registered with the BPC unless:
Membership details are made available to graduates from the courses below, or alternatively please contact the TSP registrar.
Through the TSP we aim to:
Qualification for entry into the Society will be awarded on successful completion of one of the following trainings:
The TSP provides a list of accredited supervisors for members. This is available on request from the TSP Registrar, Louise Middleton.
A referrals service for patients seeking a Tavistock-qualified psychotherapist is available to TSP members. Contact Katherine Arnold for details: karnold@btinternet.
From Dr. Byron T. Weeks, MD
July 31, 2001
http://educate-yourself.org/nwo/ nwotavistockbestkeptsecret. shtml [Editor's Note: No one deserves more credit than Dr. John Coleman for bringing to light the history and true purpose of the City of London's Tavistock Institute and its many subdivisional institutions and organizations which was exposed in stunning detail in his 1992 book, Conspirators' Hierachy: The Story of The Cimmittee of 300. Dr Coleman has rightly complained that many NWO expose writers who have followed in his wake, have used his original research without crediting him as the originating source and in fairness to him, it should be observed that the information presented below is a reflection of his pioneering investigations into Tavistock.
The article below was sent to John Quinn by Dr. Byron Weeks. The insidious propaganda and public opinion manipulations (including mind control agendas) orchestrated by London's Tavistock Institute is covered at length in the books of David Icke and Dr John Coleman, but this recent article adds fresh insights and historical perspective. Our thanks to Brice Taylor <brice@teleplex.net> for forwarding...Ken Adachi]
Preface from John Quinn (NewsHawk)
This forwarded article was received from Byron Weeks; who in our opinion really has a good firm handle on exactly WHAT is up on many levels with the extraordinarily extensive "control trips" currently being directed against the peoples of the world by elements of the global shadow government.Weeks, whom I quoted at length in the book PHOENIX UNDEAD, has sent us this compelling look at a globally-active British institute which has had it's hands in just about every social and political/governmental movement of note throughout much of the world for the past 50 years.
For example, ever wonder who and what is "behind", let's say, the CIA? Well, they don't swear allegiance to America, that's for certain. Try the British royal family.
This report is the real stuff--solidly researched and meticulously documented; so for lots more truly concept-bending data, read on.
NewsHawk Inc.
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
To John QuinnI believe Tavistock has always had secret ties to British Freemasonry.
Byron T. Weeks, MD
Col. AFUS, MC, Ret.
--------------------------TAVISTOCK - THE BEST KEPT SECRET IN AMERICA
TAVISTOCK INSTITUTE . . . . . . . . .
30 Tabernacle Street, London EC2A 4DD.--Formed in 1947, the Tavistock Institute is an independent not-for-profit organization which seeks to combine research in the social sciences with professional practice. Problems of institution-building and organizational design and change are being tackled in all sectors - government, industry and commerce, health and welfare, education, etc. - nationally and internationally, and clients range from multinationals to small community groups. A growth area has been the use of a developmental approach to evaluation of new and experimental programs, particularly in health, education and community development. This has also produced new training events alongside the regular program of group relations conferences. The Institute owns and edits the monthly journal Human Relations (published by Plenum Press) which is now in its 48th year, and has recently launched (in conjunction with Sage Publications) a new journal Evaluation.
Three elements combine to make the Institute unusual, if not unique: it has the independence of being entirely self-financing, with no subsidies from the government or other sources; the action research orientation places it between, but not in, the worlds of academia and consultancy; and its range of disciplines include anthropology, economics, organizational behavior, political science, psychoanalysis, psychology and sociology.
The ideology of American foundations was created by the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations in London. In 1921, the Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, the 11th Duke, gave a building to the Institute to study the effect of shellshock on British soldiers who survived World War I. Its purpose was to establish the "breaking point" of men under stress, under the direction of the British Army Bureau of Psychological Warfare, commanded by Sir John Rawlings-Reese.
Tavistock Institute is headquartered in London. Its prophet, Sigmond Freud, settled in Maresfield Gardens when he moved to England. He was given a mansion by Princess Bonaparte. Tavistock's pioneer work in behavioral science along Freudian lines of "controlling" humans established it as the world center of foundation ideology. Its network now extends from the University of Sussex to the U.S. through the Stanford Research Institute, Esalen, MIT, <http://watch.pair.com/Hudson.
html>Hudson Institute, <http://watch.pair.com/ heritage.html>Heritage Foundation, Center of Strategic and International Studies at Georgetown, where State Dept. personal are trained, US Air Force Intelligence, and the Rand and Mitre corporations. The personnel of the corporations are required to undergo indoctrination at one or more of these Tavistock controlled institutions. A network of secret groups, the Mont Pelerin Society, Trilateral Commission, Ditchley Foundation, and theClub of Rome is conduit for instructions to the Tavistock network. [Editor, Tim Aho's note: See Watch Unto Prayer report on The Heritage Foundation founded by Paul Weyrich with funding from Joseph Coors, who also founded and financed respectively the Moral Majority and Council for National Policy.]
Tavistock Institute developed the mass brain-washing techniques which were first used experimentally on American prisoners of war in Korea. Its experiments in crowd control methods have been widely used on the American public, a surreptitious but nevertheless outrageous assault on human freedom by modifying individual behavior through topical psychology. A German refugee, Kurt Lewin, became director of Tavistock in 1932. He came to the U.S. in 1933 as a "refugee", the first of many infiltrators, and set up the Harvard Psychology Clinic, which originated the propaganda campaign to turn the American public against Germany and involve us in World War II.
In 1938, Roosevelt executed a secret agreement with Churchill which in effect ceded U.S. sovereignty to England, because it agreed to let Special Operations Executive control U.S. policies. To implement this agreement, Roosevelt sent General Donovan to London for indoctrination before setting up OSS (now the CIA) under the aegis of SOE-SIS. The entire OSS program, as well as the CIA has always worked on guidelines set up by the Tavistock Institute.
[Editor, Tim Aho: See Watch Unto Prayer report on <http://watch.pair.com/jbs-
cnp.html>The John Birch Society & Council for National Policy for information regarding CIA operations on the Christian Right.] Tavistock Institute originated the mass civilian bombing raids carried out by Roosevelt and Churchill purely as a clinical experiment in mass terror, keeping records of the results as they watched the "guinea pigs" reacting under "controlled laboratory conditions". All Tavistock and American foundation techniques have a single goal---to break down the psychological strength of the individual and render him helpless to oppose the dictators of the World Order. Any technique which helps to break down the family unit, and family inculcated principles of religion, honor, patriotism and sexual behavior, is used by the Tavistock scientists as weapons of crowd control.
The methods of Freudian psychotherapy induce permanent mental illness in those who undergo this treatment by destabilizing their character. The victim is then advised to "establish new rituals of personal interaction", that is, to indulge in brief sexual encounters which actually set the participants adrift with no stable personal relationships in their lives, destroying their ability to establish or maintain a family. Tavistock Institute has developed such power in the U.S. that no one achieves prominence in any field unless he has been trained in behavioral science at Tavistock or one of its subsidiaries.
Henry Kissinger, whose meteoric rise to power is otherwise inexplicable, was a German refugee and student of Sir John Rawlings-Reese at SHAEF. Dr. Peter Bourne, a Tavistock Institute psychologist, picked Jimmy Carter for President of the U.S. solely because Carter had undergone an intensive brainwashing program administered by Admiral Hyman Rickover at Annapolis. The "experiment" in compulsory racial integration in the U.S. was organized by Ronald Lippert, of the OSS and the American Jewish Congress, and director of child training at the Commission on Community Relations. The program was designed to break down the individual's sense of personal knowledge in his identity, his racial heritage. Through the Stanford Research Institute, Tavistock controls the National Education Association. The Institute of Social Research at the National Training Lab brain washes the leading executives of business and government.
Such is the power of Tavistock that our entire space program was scrapped for nine years so that the Soviets could catch up. The hiatus was demanded in an article written by Dr. Anatol Rapport, and was promptly granted by the government, to the complete mystification of everyone connected with NASA.
Another prominent Tavistock operation is the Wharton School of Finance, at the University of Pennsylvania. A single common denominator identifies the common Tavistock strategy---the use of drugs. The infamous MK Ultra program of the CIA, in which unsuspecting CIA officials were given LSD, and their reaction studied like "guinea pigs", resulted in several deaths.
The U.S. Government had to pay millions in damages to the families of the victims, but the culprits were never indicted. The program originated when Sandoz AG, a Swiss drug firm, owned by S.G. Warburg Co. of London, developed Lysergic Acid [LSD]. Roosevelt's advisor, James Paul Warburg, son of Paul Warburg who wrote the Federal Reserve Act, and nephew of Max Warburgwho had financed Hitler, set up the <http://watch.pair.com/
FreedomHouse.html#ips> Institute for Policy Studies to promote the drug. The result was the LSD "counter-culture" of the 1960s, the "student revolution", which was financed by $25 million from the CIA. One part of MK Ultra was the Human Ecology Fund; the CIA also paid Dr. Herbert Kelman of Harvard to carry out further experiments on mind control. In the 1950s, the CIA financed extensive LSD experiments in Canada. Dr. D. Ewen Cameron, president of the Canadian Psychological Association, and director of Royal Victorian Hospital, Montreal, received large payments from the CIA to give 53 patients large doses of LSD and record their reactions; the patients were drugged into weeks of sleep and then given electric shock treatments.
One victim, the wife of a member of the Canadian Parliament, is now suing the U.S. companies who provided the drug for the CIA. All the records of the CIA's drug testing program were ordered destroyed by the head of MK Ultra. Because all efforts of the Tavistock Institute are directed toward producing cyclical collapse, the effect of the CIA programs are tragically apparent. R. Emmett Tyrell Jr., writing in the Washington Post August 20, 1984, cites the "squalid consequences of the 60s radicals in SDS" as resulting in "the growing rate of illegitimacy, petty lawlessness, drug addiction, welfare, VD, and mental illness".
This is the legacy of the Warburgs and the CIA. Their principal agency, the Institute for Policy Studies, was funded by James Paul Warburg; its co-founder was Marcus Raskin, protege of McGeorge Bundy, president of the Ford Foundation. Bundy had Raskin appointed to the post of President Kennedy's personal representative on the National Security Council, and in 1963 funded Students for Democratic Society, through which the CIA operated the drug culture.
Today the Tavistock Institute operates a $6 Billion a year network of Foundations in the U.S., all of it funded by U.S. taxpayers' money. Ten major institutions are under its direct control, with 400 subsidiaries, and 3000 other study groups and think tanks which originate many types of programs to increase the control of the World Order over the American people. The Stanford Research Institute, adjoining the Hoover Institution, is a $150 million a year operation with 3300 employees. It carries on program surveillance for Bechtel, Kaiser, and 400 other companies, and extensive intelligence operations for the CIA. It is the largest institution on the West Coast promoting mind control and the behavioral sciences.
One of the key agencies as a conduit for secret instructions from Tavistock is the Ditchley Foundation, founded in 1957. The American branch of the Ditchley Foundation is run by Cyrus Vance, former Secretary of State, and director of the Rockefeller Foundation, and Winston Lord, president of the Council on Foreign Relations.
[Editor, Tim Aho's note: The wife of Winston Lord (CFR, Bilderberg, Skull & Bones), Bette Bao Lord (CFR, Bilderberg), is Chairman of the Board of Freedom House whose manipulation of the Christian Right via the Religious Persecution issue is documented in our report <http://watch.pair.com/
FreedomHouse.html>Freedom House: A CFR Front.] One of the principal but little known operations of the Rockefeller Foundation has been its techniques for controlling world agriculture. Its director, Kenneth Wernimont, set up Rockefeller controlled agricultural programs throughout Mexico and Latin America. The independent farmer is a great threat to the World Order, because he produces for himself, and because his produce can be converted into capital, which gives him independence. In Soviet Russia, the Bolsheviks believed they had attained total control over the people; they were dismayed to find their plans threatened by the stubborn independence of the small farmers, the Kulaks.
Stalin ordered the OGPU to seize all food and animals of the Kulaks, and to starve them out. The Chicago American, February 25, 1935 carried a front page headline, SIX MILLION PERISH IN SOVIET FAMINE; Peasants' Crops Seized, They and their Animals Starve. To draw attention from this atrocity, it was later alleged that the Germans, not the Soviets, had killed six million people, the number taken from the Chicago American headline by a Chicago publicist.
The Communist Party, the Party of the Peasants and Workers, exterminated the peasants and enslaved the workers. Many totalitarian regimes have found the small farmer to be their biggest stumbling block. The French Reign of Terror was directed, not against the aristocrats, many of whom were sympathetic to it, but against the small farmers who refused to turn over their grain to the revolutionary tribunals in exchange for the worthless assignats. In the United States, the foundations are presently engaged in the same type of war of extermination against the American farmer.
The traditional formula of land plus labor for the farmer has been altered due to the farmer's need for purchasing power, to buy industrial goods needed in his farming operations. Because of this need for capital, the farmer is especially vulnerable to the World Order's manipulation of interest rates, which is bankrupting him. Just as in the Soviet Union, in the early 1930s, when Stalin ordered the Kulaks to give up their small plots of land to live and work on the collective farms, the American small farmer faces the same type of extermination, being forced to give up his small plot of land to become a hired hand for the big agricultural trusts. The Brookings Institution and other foundations originated the monetary programs implemented by the Federal Reserve System to destroy the American farmer, a replay of the Soviet tragedy in Russia, with one proviso that the farmer will be allowed to survive if he becomes a slave worker of the giant trusts.
Once the citizen becomes aware of the true role of the foundations, he can understand the high interest rates, high taxes, the destruction of the family, the degradation of the churches into forums for revolution, the subversion of the universities into CIA cesspools of drug addiction, and the halls of government into sewers of international espionage and intrigue. The American citizen can now understand why every agent of the federal government is against him; the alphabet agencies, the FBI, IRS, CIA and BATF must make war on the citizen in order to carry out the programs of the foundations.
The foundations are in direct violation of their charters, which commit them to do "charitable" work, because they make no grants which are not part of a political goal. The charge has been made, and never denied, that the Heritage-AEI network has at least two KGB moles on its staff. The employment of professional intelligence operatives as "charitable" workers, as was done in the Red Cross Mission to Russia in 1917, exposes the sinister political economic and social goals which the World Order requires the foundations to achieve through their " bequests ".
Not only is this tax fraud, because the foundations are granted tax exemption solely to do charitable work, but it is criminal syndicalism, conspiracy to commit offenses against the United States of America, Constitutional Law 213, Corpus Juris Secundum 16. For the first time, the close interlocking of the foundation "syndicate" has been revealed by the names of its principle incorporators---Daniel Coit Gilman, who incorporated the Peabody Fund and the John Slater Fund, and became an incorporator of the General Education Board (now the Rockefeller Foundation); Gilman, who also incorporated the Russell Trust in 1856, later became an incorporator of the Carnegie Institution with Andrew Dickson White (Russell Trust) and Frederic A. Delano. Delano also was an original incorporator of the Brookings Institution and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Daniel Coit Gilman incorporated the Russell Sage Foundation with Cleveland H. Dodge of the National City Bank. These foundations incorporators have been closely linked with the Federal Reserve System, the War Industries Board of World War I, the OSS of World War II and the CIA. They have also been closely linked with the American International Corporation, which was formed to instigate the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. Delano, an uncle of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, was on the original Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System in 1914. His brother-in-law founded the influential Washington law firm of Covington and Burling. The Delanos and other ruling families of the World Order trace their lineage directly back to William of Orange and the regime which granted the charter of the Bank of England.
Tavistock Institutions In The United States
Flow Laboratories Gets contracts from the National Institutes of Health.
Merle Thomas Corporation Gets contracts from the U.S. Navy, analyzes data from satellites.
Walden Research Does work in the field of pollution control.
Planning Research Corporation, Arthur D. Little, G.E. "TEMPO", Operations Research Inc. Part of approximately 350 firms who conduct research and conduct surveys, make recommendations to government. They are part of what President Eisenhower called "a possible danger to public policy that could itself become captive of a scientific-technological elite."
Brookings Institution Dedicates its work to what it calls a "national agenda." Wrote President Hoover's program, President Roosevelt's "New Deal", the Kennedy Administration's "New Frontiers" program (deviation from it may have cost John F. Kennedy his life), and President Johnson's "Great Society." Brookings has been telling the United States Government how to conduct its affairs for the past 70 years and is still doing so.
Hudson Institute This institution has done more to shape the way Americans react to political and social events, think, vote and generally conduct themselves than perhaps any except the BIG FIVE. Hudson specializes in defense policy research and relations with the USSR. Most of its military work is classified as SECRET. (One idea during the Vietnam War was to build a moat around Saigon.) Hudson may be properly classified as one of the Committee of 300's BRAINWASHING establishments. One of its largest clients is the U.S. Department of Defense which includes matters of civil defense, national security, military policy and arms control.
[Editor, Tim Aho: This is the same <http://watch.pair.com/Hudson.
html>Hudson Institute which gave us GOALS 2000 and authored the Freedom From Religious Persecution Act, which became the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. This law required the creation of a federal commission to monitor religion chaired by a presidentially-appointed Ambassador-at-Large on International Religious Freedom under the mandates of the United Nations' covenants and authority of the International Criminal Court.] National Training Laboratories One of the key institutions established for this purpose in the United States was the National Training Laboratories (NTL). Founded in 1947 by members of the Tavistock network in the United States and located originally on an estate in Bethel, Maine, NTL had as its explicit purpose the brainwashing of leaders of the government, educational institutions, and corporate bureaucracies in the Tavistock method, and then using these "leaders" to either themselves run Tavistock group sessions in their organizations or to hire other similarly trained group leaders to do the job. The "nuts and bolts" of the NTL operation revolves around the particular form of Tavistock degenerate psychology known as "group dynamics," developed by German Tavistock operative Kurt Lewin, who emigrated to the United States in the 1930s and whose students founded NTL.
In a Lewinite brainwashing group, a number of individuals from varying backgrounds and personalities, are manipulated by a "group leader" to form a "consensus" of opinion, achieving a new "group identity." The key to the process is the creation of a controlled environment, in which stress is introduced (sometimes called dissonance) to crack an individual's belief structure. Using the peer pressure of other group members, the individual is "cracked," and a new personality emerges with new values. The degrading experience causes the person to deny that any change has taken place. In that way, an individual is brainwashed without the victim knowing what has taken place.
This method is the same, with some minor modification, used in all so-called "sensitivity groups" or "T-groups," or in the more extreme rock-drug-sex counterculture form, "touchy-feely groups," such as the kind popularized from the 1960s onward by the Esalen Institute, which was set up with the help of NTL.
From the mid-1950s onward, NTL put the majority of the nation's corporate leaderships through such brainwashing programs, while running similar programs for the State Department, the Navy, the Department of Education, and other sections of the federal bureaucracy. There is no firm estimate of the number of Americans who have been put through this process in last 40 years at either NTL, or as it is now known the NTL Institute for Applied Behavioral Sciences, which is based in Rosslyn, Virginia, or its West Coast base of operations, the Western Training Laboratories in Group Development, or in various satellite institutions. The most reliable estimate is in the several millions.
One of the groups that went through the NTL mill in the 1950s was the leadership of the National Education Association, the largest organization of teachers in the United States. Thus, the NEA's outlook has been "shaped" by Tavistock, through the NTL. In 1964, the NTL Institute became a direct part of the NEA, with the NTL setting up "group sessions" for all its affiliates. With funding from the Department of Education, the NTL Institute drafted the programs for the training of the nation's primary and secondary school teachers, and has a hand as well in developing the content of educational "reforms," including OBE.
Also known as the International Institute for Applied Behavioral Sciences. This institute is a brainwashing center in artificial stress training whereby participants suddenly find themselves immersed in defending themselves against vicious accusations. NTL takes in the National Education Association, the largest teacher group in the United States. While officially decrying "racism", it is interesting to note that NTL, working with NEA, produced a paper proposing education vouchers which would separate the hard-to-teach children from the brighter ones, and funding would be allocated according to the number of difficult children who would be separated from those who progressed at a normal rate. The proposal was not taken up.
University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School of Finance & Commerce Founded by Eric Trist One of the "brain trusts" of Tavistock, Wharton has become one of the more important Tavistock in so far as "Behavioral Research" is concerned. Wharton attracts clients such as the U.S. Department of Labor---which teaches how to produce "cooked" statistics at the Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates Incorporated. This method was very much in demand as we came to the close of 1991 with millions more out of work than was reflected in USDL statistics. Wharton's ECONOMETRIC MODELING is used by every major Committee of 300 company in the United States, Western Europe, the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations, and the World Bank. Institute for Social Research Among its clients are The Ford Foundation, U.S.Department of Defense, U.S.Postal Service and the U.S. Department of Justice. Among its studies are "The Human Meaning Of Social Change", "Youth in Transition" and "How Americans View Their Mental Health".
Institute For The Future This is not a typical Tavistock institution in that it is funded by the Ford Foundation, yet it draws its long-range forecasting from the mother of all think tanks. Institute for the Future projects what it believes to be changes that will be taking place in time frames of fifty years. So called "DELPHI PANELS" decide what is normal and what is not, and prepare position papers to "steer" government in the right direction to head off such groups as "people creating civil disorder." (This could be patriotic groups demanding abolition of graduated taxes, or demanding that their right to bear arms is not infringed.) This institute recommends action such as liberalizing abortion laws, drug usage and that cars entering an urban area pay tolls, teaching birth control in public schools, requiring registration of firearms, making use of drugs a non-criminal offense, legalizing homosexuality, paying students for scholastic achievements, making zoning controls a preserve of the state, offering bonuses for family planning and last, but most frightening, a Pol Pot Cambodia-style proposal that new communities be established in rural areas, (concentration camp compounds). As can be observed, many of their goals have already been more than fully realized.
INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES (IPS)
One of the "Big Three", IPS has shaped and reshaped United States policies, foreign and domestic, since it was founded by James P. Warburg and the Rothschild entities in the United States. Its networks in America include the League for Industrial Democracy. Lead players in the League for Industrial Democracy have included Jeane Kirkpatrick, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Irwin Suall of the ADL, Eugene Rostow, Arms control negotiator, Lane Kirkland, Labor Leader, and Albert Shanker. IPS was incorporated in 1963 by Marcus Raskin and Richard Barnett, both highly trained Tavistock Institute graduates. The objectives of IPS came from an agenda laid down for it by the Tavistock Institute, one of the most notable being to create the "New Left" as a grass roots movement in the U.S. Its been said that Barnett and Raskin controlled such diverse elements as the Black Panthers, Daniel Ellsberg, National Security Council staff member Halprin, The Weathermen Underground, the Venceramos and the campaign staff of candidate George McGovern. No scheme was too big for IFS and its controllers to take on and manage.
Through its many powerful lobbing groups on Capitol Hill, IPS relentlessly used its "Big Stick" to beat Congress. IPS has a network of lobbyists, all supposedly operating independently but in actual fact acting cohesively, so that Congressmen are pummeled from all sides by seemingly different and varied lobbyists, In this way, IPS was, and is still, able to successfully sway individual Representatives and Senators to vote for "the trend, the way things are going." By using key pointmen on Capitol Hill, IPS was able to break into the very infrastructure of our legislative system and the way it works.
IPS became, and remains to this day, one of the most prestigious "think tanks" controlling foreign policy decisions, which we, the people, foolishly believe are those of our law makers. By sponsoring militant activism at home and with links to revolutionaries abroad, by engineering such victories as "The Pentagon Papers," besieging the corporate structure, bridging the credibility gap between underground movements and acceptable political activism, by penetrating religious organizations and using them to sow discord in America, such as radical racial policies under the guise of religion, using establishment media to spread IPS ideas, and then supporting them, IPS has lived up to the role which it was founded to play.
[Editor, Tim Aho: See Watch Unto Prayer report on <http://watch.pair.com/
FreedomHouse.html>Freedom House: "Grants (for the IPS) came from the Samuel Rubin Foundation and the Stern Family Fund. Samuel Rubin was himself a member of the elite Comintern of the Communist Party, founded by none other than Lenin himself. Billionaire Armand Hammer assisted Rubin in making the fortunes which helped launch IPS. Philip Stern, an IPS trustee, was the president of Stern Fund. The executive director of the Stern Fund, David R. Hunter, was previously an official of The National Council and the World Council Of Churches. (Dr. James W. Wardner, Unholy Alliances, p.125)]
STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jesse Hobson, the first president of Stanford Research Institute, in a 1952 speech made it clear what lines the institute was to follow. Stanford can be described as one of the "jewels" in Tavistock's Crown in its rule over the United States. Founded in 1946 immediately after the close of WWII, it was presided over by Charles A. Anderson, with emphasis on mind control research and "future sciences." Included under the Stanford umbrella was Charles F. Kettering Foundation which developed the "Changing Images of Man" upon which the Aquarian Conspiracy rests.
Some of Stanford's major clients and contracts were at first centered around the defense establishment but, as Stanford grew, so, did the diversity of its services:
Applications of Behavioral Sciences to Research Management Office of Science and Technology
SRI Business Intelligence Program
U.S. Department of Defense Directorate of Defense Research and Engineering
U.S. Department of Defense Office of Aerospace Research
Among corporations seeking Stanford's services were Wells Fargo Bank, Bechtel Corporation, Hewlett Packard, Bank of America, McDonnell Douglas Corporation, Blyth, Eastman Dillon and TRW Company. One of Stanford's more secret projects was extensive work on chemical and bacteriological warfare (CAB) weapons.
Stanford Research is plugged into at least 200 smaller "think tanks" doing research into every facet of life in America. This is ARPA networking and represents the emergence of probably the most far reaching effort to control the environment of every individual in the country. At present Stanford's computers are linked with 2500 "sister" research consoles which include the CIA, Bell Telephone Laboratories, U.S. Army Intelligence, The Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), Rand, MIT, Harvard and UCLA. Stanford plays a key role in that it is the "library", cataloging all ARPA documentation.
"Other agencies".....one can use one's imagination here, are allowed to search through SRI's "library" for key words, phrases, look through sources and update their own master files with those of Stanford Research Center. The Pentagon uses SRI's master files extensively, and there is little doubt that other U.S. Government agencies do the same. Pentagon "command and control" problems are worked out by Stanford.
While ostensibly these apply only to weapons and soldiers, there is absolutely no guarantee that the same research could not , and will not be turned to civilian applications. Stanford is known to be willing to do anything for anyone.
[Editor, Tim Aho: See Watch Unto Prayer report <http://watch.pair.com/
dolphin.html>Lambert Dolphin & the Great Sphinx, which documents the connections of SRI's Lambert Dolphin with the Edgar Cayce Foundation and The Discernment Ministries.]
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MIT),
ALFRED P. SLOAN SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENTThis major institute is not generally recognized as being a part of Tavistock U.S.A. Most people look upon it as being a purely American institution, but that is far from the truth. MIT- Alfred Sloan can be roughly divided into the following groups:
Contemporary Technology Industrial Relations NASA-ERC Computer Research Laboratories Office of Naval Research Group, Psychology Systems Dynamics
Some of MIT's clients are:
American Management Association
Committee for Economic Development
GTE
Institute for Defense Analysis (IDA)
NASA
National Academy of Sciences
National Council of Churches
Sylvania
TRW
U.S. Army
U.S. Department of State
U.S. Navy
U.S. Treasury
Volkswagen Company
RAND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Without a doubt, RAND is THE think tank most beholden to Tavistock Institute and certainly the RIIA's most prestigious vehicle for control of United States policies at every level. Specific RAND policies that became operative include our ICBM program, prime analyses for U.S. foreign policy making, instigator of space programs, U.S. nuclear policies, corporate analyses, hundreds of projects for the military, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in relation to the use of mind altering drugs like peyote, LSD (the covert MK-ULTRA operation which lasted for 20 years).
[Editor, Tim Aho's note: The founder of the Rand Corporation, Herman Kahn, also founded the Hudson Institute in 1961. In Educating for the New World Order, B.K. Eakman tells of a training manual for "change agents" developed for the U.S. government by Rand Corporation: ". . . a how-to manual with a 1971 U.S. Office of Education contract number on it entitled 'Training for Change Agents'; seven volumes of 'change agent studies' commissioned by the U.S. Office of Education to the Rand Corporation in 1973-74; scores of other papers submitted by behaviorist researchers who had obtained grants from the U.S. Office of Education for the purpose of exploring ways to 'freeze' and 'unfreeze' values, 'to implement change,' and to turn potentially hostile groups and committees into acquiescent, rubber-stamp bodies by means of such strategies as the 'Delphi Technique.'" (p. 118)]
Some of RAND's clients include:
American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T)
Chase Manhattan Bank
International Business Machines (IBM)
National Science Foundation
Republican Party
TRW
U.S. Air Force
U.S. Department of Health
U.S. Department of EnergyThere are literally THOUSANDS of highly important companies, government institutions and organizations that make use of RANDS's services. To list them all would be impossible. Among RAND's specialities is a study group that predicts the timing and the direction of a thermonuclear war, plus working out the many scenarios based upon its findings. RAND was once accused of being commissioned by the USSR to work out terms of surrender of the United States Government, an accusation that went all the way to the United States Senate, where it was taken up by Senator Symington and subsequently fell victim to scorn poured out by the establishment press. BRAINWASHING remains the primary function of RAND.
These institutions are among those that fund The UNIFORM LAW FOUNDATION, whose function is to ensure that the Uniform Commercial Code remains the instrument for conducting business in the United States.
The Inquisition Wood Royal Commission into Corruption in the NSW Police Force
The Inquisition Wood Royal Commission
Published on Apr 6, 2014
This documents the investigation of one of the worlds most corrupt police groups, Kings Cross and NSW detectives in Australia.
http://www.smh.com.au/national/detective-devastated-by-corruption-smear-20100330-rbl6.html
IT WAS the royal commission that exposed police corruption and led to a clean-up of the force.
But for one senior officer the Wood royal commission marked the beginning of the end of his 26-year career after he was mistakenly said to have been collaborating with rotten police.
The former detective inspector Stephen Reeves is suing the NSW Police for psychological harm resulting from adverse remarks made about him by the commissioner, Justice James Wood, and reported in the media in September 1995.
Mr Reeves, who was medically retired from the force in June 1999 after being diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, also claims to have been denied a promotion as a result of the comments. Media reports claimed that Mr Reeves had been collaborating with a supergrass, Detective Sergeant Trevor Haken, and former chief superintendent Bob Lysaught, the police commissioner's chief of staff whose career ended in disgrace. Mr Reeves had in fact been requested through proper channels to interview Haken. He claims NSW Police took no steps to exonerate him from the false allegations and as a result both the public and fellow police officers believed him to be corrupt. He told the Supreme Court he felt ''humiliated'' when a stranger called out to him at a leagues club, ''Here comes one of the corrupt police.''
''I was very upset … because it was said in front of a group of people,'' he said.
''I recall them laughing and … referring to the evidence presented on the television.''
Mr Reeves also claims NSW Police failed to monitor his psychological condition after he had been threatened with a gun and twice stabbed with a syringe during the course of his duties. He claims his superiors should have been aware that he was suffering from a psychological condition and that NSW Police failed in its duty of care to him. In a diary entry in January 1997 Mr Reeves wrote about feeling sick to the stomach and hardly able to drag himself to work.
''Am I letting the side down?'' he wrote. ''I can't help the way I feel.''
The hearing continues.
http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/20238051?selectedversion=NBD13411194
1997, English edition:Final report [electronic resource] / Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service. New South Wales. Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service
Brown, David (1997) Breaking the code of silence : the Wood Royal Commission into New South Wales police : a brief overview. Alternative Law Journal,22(5), pp. 220-224.
ID Code: | 68084 |
---|---|
Item Type: | Journal Article |
Refereed: | Yes |
ISSN: | 1037-969X |
Subjects: | Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification > LAW AND LEGAL STUDIES (180000) > LAW (180100) |
Divisions: | Current > QUT Faculties and Divisions > Faculty of Law Current > Schools > School of Justice |
Deposited On: | 05 Mar 2014 23:39 |
Last Modified: | 05 Mar 2014 23:39 |
Australian Story
http://www.abc.net.au/austory/content/2005/s1479833.htm
CAROLINE JONES, PRESENTER: Hello. I'm Caroline Jones. When a crooked detective rolled over at a major royal commission into police corruption a decade ago, it sent shock waves through every police force in the country. Trevor Haken worked undercover for nine months, obtaining irrefutable taped evidence against other high-ranking police and hardened criminals alike. Who can forget that graphic footage of a bribe being exchanged in a car between Haken and another corrupt officer? Trevor Haken's actions won him no friends. He still fears for his safety and lives in hiding. 10 years on, meeting secretly with Australian Story, he says he regrets not only his years as a corrupt policeman, but also his decision to cooperate with investigators.
TREVOR HAKEN: Since going on side with the royal commission, I don't have a life, really. I live a solitary sort of existence. I don't have any friends. I don't live under my own name. In fact, I don't live under any particular name. I'm basically not a creature of habit anymore. I live life as though I'm being followed all the time. I drive looking out of the rear view mirror all the time. I don't shop in the same shopping centre twice. The situation I'm in is like living a nightmare. It doesn't matter how hard you try, the nightmare never goes away. You just never wake up from it. I still feel, and I think I always will feel, that my life is in danger because of the number of people I that implicated at the royal commission, and the very nature of the people who were involved and their capabilities. I think the years I spent as a corrupt policeman were a total waste of time. It was just a rush towards a ruined life, and unfortunately I've dragged my children with me.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: I was always very fascinated by my dad as a detective. I thought he was brilliant. When you're a child, you always think that your dad is the number one and he is the best at everything that he does. It does upset me to know that he was involved in corrupt activities because it is an illegal thing to be doing. I feel that he felt that if he didn't roll over, the probability would be that he would go to jail, and he did not want to do that to us as children. I don't think my dad had any idea of what would happen as a result of him rolling over. I guess he thought we’d be taken care of and life would, in a sense, go back to normal, but it never has. I do believe he regrets it every day, but I believe that that was his biggest motivation, was his family and that the only way to salvage any integrity that he felt he had left was to do that.
TREVOR HAKEN: I joined the police in 1969 and worked full time for 26 years. I came from a very caring home - two parents who actually doted on myself and my brother. My father was a builder. He was a very strict person and absolutely controlled by morality. He would be horrified at what I've done. I have total regrets insofar as my mother is concerned. I feel I've let her down.
BETTY HAKEN, MOTHER: We always had a very happy home.
TREVOR HAKEN: My mother has spasmodic dysphonia, which is a speech problem, and makes it difficult to talk on the phone. She has lived the last 10 years of life without access to myself and the children and that's a burden that nobody should have ever put on anybody else.
BETTY HAKEN, MOTHER: Our lives centred completely around our children.
TREVOR HAKEN: I was 16 when my father died and that left a huge void in my life. When I joined the police force, I found it to be a place where you could bond with other men and where there were a number of people who you considered as role models. It was a brotherhood where you fitted in completely, or you didn't fit in at all, and there were very few people in the police force who didn't want to fit in and be part of that brotherhood. My first posting was at North Sydney where I worked with the traffic police. I think I was like every young recruit who joined the police force - I had ambitions of going as far as absolutely possible. I had the stars in my eyes. One of the first sayings I can recall being told in the police was that you never trust a man who doesn't drink. And those who didn't drink were virtually ostracised. After the afternoon duties were finished at the traffic police, the remainder of the shift was worked from a bar at licensed premises where even in uniform, you spent the remainder of the shift drinking and working, and that was the entire shift working out of there. It wasn't long after I joined the traffic police that I was introduced to the tow truck rackets where tow truck operators would pay kickbacks for being notified of accidents, and it didn't seem so wrong, really, so I just followed the lead. When you start off into corrupt practice, it doesn't take very much to go up the ladder, and the further you go up the ladder the more acceptable things become, until you reach a point where there’s nothing that isn't acceptable. When you move from uniform duties to plain clothes, there was a much wider scope for corrupt practice. For some people to say, some senior police to say they were unaware that bribes were being paid is just farcical. Over the years, I became involved to the extent of being the bag man, picking up money from people who were conducting businesses such as prostitution, nightclubs, gambling clubs, drug dealers. I was involved in stealing money, verballing people, giving false evidence, gutting briefs, which is removing information from briefs to allow people to be exonerated. There was no form of improper behaviour that we weren't involved in, in reality. In the early days, there was always a perception that we were making a lot of money from taking bribes and doing business with criminals, but there was never much in it. The cost of the lifestyle was astronomical. Going out for lunches and dinners and drinks was very expensive and used up the majority of the illicit moneys. I met my wife in 1975. She was a waitress at a restaurant where we used to eat as detectives. She was an extremely pleasant person, she was a good sort. We were married in the mid '70s and had four children.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: My dad is a really, really caring, loving person, extremely generous. It was his ambition to give us everything he possibly could, the best advantage in life. My mum was always quite materialistic. She was very, very sweet and sometimes innocent. I'm sure in some respects she would have had to know what was occurring with my dad, but I think she just thought it was great having the money that was coming in without considering where it was coming from.
TREVOR HAKEN: I think we had what some might call the model family. My wife did part-time modelling and some advertising work. One of those was for a McDonald's placemat which I got roped into doing as well, which caused some hilarity at the Cross when it came out because they were always all over the place with junkies burning the eyes out of my picture. I was involved in corrupt practice at the drug squad at the CIB, later at the federal-state taskforce into drug trafficking. And eventually appointed to lead the drug unit at the King's Cross Police Station, where I was for a number of years. King's Cross was a place where you could drink 24 hours a day if you were of mind and where everybody was conducting some sort of a shady business. I suppose I was a tough sort of person. It goes with the territory - you had to be tough to survive. I suppose the truth of it is the worst thing I ever did was accept money from drug dealers. Bill Bayeh was the largest heroin and cocaine supplier in the Cross and I formed an arrangement with him to turn a blind eye to his operations and he supplied us with information and money. We used the information that he gave us to take out his competition. We set down rules for people we did business with at the Cross. They were simple - that there was to be no violence, that they and their runners weren't to carry guns and the most important was that they weren't to sell drugs to children. So we were able to control what activities went on. It was a case of the old saying - What's better, controlled crime or uncontrolled crime? And there was plenty of other dealers in the Cross for us to concentrate on. And not make it obvious that we were turning a blind eye to the activities of a few.
PAUL WHELAN, FORMER NSW POLICE MINISTER: Well, Haken and his mates were the gatekeepers of crime at Kings Cross. Please pay. They believed that they had noble cause. In fact, they were just straight crooks.
TREVOR HAKEN: I think I regret every situation that I was involved in. But you can't absolve yourself from the sins that you've committed, can you?
PAUL WHELAN, FORMER NSW POLICE MINISTER: While they should have been out catching real criminals, rapists, drug runners, they're out on fishing boats having holidays, or in pubs getting drunk, or in restaurants, continuing their drunken orgies.
TREVOR HAKEN: At that time, my marriage was in a shambles. I was drinking and my wife, basically, I think, lost interest in me.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: I think it was quite difficult for my mum coping with my dad's drinking. Being, in a way, in some situations, the sole parent, because you have to deal with all the issues on your own if he is intoxicated.
TREVOR HAKEN: What really shattered me was another detective I was working with made a move on her and really that broke my belief in the brotherhood.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: My dad was absolutely devastated with my mum's affair and it was quite an angry time. He was very, very angry.
TREVOR HAKEN: That relationship between my wife and the other detective made me realise that I'd taken my eye off the ball completely by excessive drinking and I gave up drinking completely and tried as best I could to get our marriage back on track. After that, it became a giant eye-opener to me how cheaply police were selling themselves to criminals or other people for a few beers or the price of a cheap meal. Certainly, from thereon, I was paid more than I was previously because I was totally aware of what was going on. The Chinese in Chinatown were virtually a law unto themselves. They were involved in all sorts of crime from video pirating right through to heroin importations, illegal gambling, prostitution. The Chinese had no respect for police who drank and total respect for police who didn't. And I had plenty of friends in Chinatown. Whenever you saw them, there'd be a handshake and you'd end up with a bundle of money in your hand. I was also making a lot more money in Kings Cross after I stopped drinking. It was regular to get payments of $500. Occasionally if somebody wanted something extra, there might be $1,000 or $2, 000 or $5,000. There were always risks in meeting people to pick up money. But it was relatively widespread. And it was a common belief that, um, if anything went wrong, everyone would hold the line and nothing could be proven anyway. In the early '90s, I was aware that I was under surveillance by police from some organisation. I wasn't aware who. And then on one occasion I went home and found that the tumblers on my front door lock had been interfered with. I didn't know whether it was a clandestine search had been carried out on my home or whether they'd placed listening devices in the house, but I was aware that I was under surveillance.
JUSTICE JAMES WOOD: If you happen to be corrupt, it is almost certain by now that you have been identified and that we are working on you.
TREVOR HAKEN: I was approached by senior officers from the Wood Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service in early September 1994.
PAUL WHELAN, FORMER NSW POLICE MINISTER: Haken, in fact, was under surveillance by the Crime Commission of NSW prior to the royal commission. I'd describe him as a scoundrel who got caught. He was a dead man walking. The royal commission needed Trevor Haken to roll over. My view is he made that choice because ultimately he had no choice. The evidence was overwhelmingly against him within the Crime Commission and later in the royal commission and he would have served a long period in jail.
TREVOR HAKEN: I worked for the royal commission for nine months in an undercover capacity and obtained evidence for them in the form of video and audio surveillance which was unable to be refuted. Detective Inspector Graham Fowler had been a colleague of mine for a number of years. He was a friend. The video that I had recorded in my car was typical of many previous transactions where money had been picked up from a criminal and was being divided between the police who were involved. There were occasions where it became very dangerous, as dangerous as it can get.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: I knew what he was doing, working undercover, and obviously being wired. I was petrified that my dad would be killed or something to that extent. It was extremely scary.
TREVOR HAKEN: I met with Bill Bayeh on a number of occasions and received large amounts of money from him. He had problems at that stage. He was losing his authority on the streets of Kings Cross and wanted police assistance to get back into a better position. At one meeting with Bayeh, he told me that another police associate had told him he must have balls to be meeting with me because the rumours were all over town that I'd rolled. And he said, "If anyone goes against me, I'll kill them. I'll kill their wife. I'll kill their kids." And that's not a threat I took idly. Not then, not now. It was an extremely frightening time. I got through by being virtually a walking pill bottle. I was on all sorts of medications. The final day that I met Bill Bayeh, he had purchased an electronic device which picked up transmitters. And that activated when I met him. This indicated that I was wearing a wire. And it could've been terribly, terribly dangerous. But I managed to get out alright and that was the last time that I ever saw him.
PAUL WHELAN, FORMER NSW POLICE MINISTER: There's no denying that the work that Haken did was dangerous. His life was at risk. There is no doubt about that at all.
TREVOR HAKEN: Once my cover was blown and because of the gravity of the information I was about to give to the royal commission, both my family and I were moved into witness protection. From that time on, I'm ashamed to say that I had devastated my family. Not a day goes by when I don't regret the stand I took.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: Basically when we were taken into witness protection, we were separated from my dad and in a sense made us feel like we’d been abandoned. We were taken to an airport and basically waved off. We were left without any accompaniment or protection at all and sent overseas on our own. We were taken from everything that we knew - our home, our friends, our entire life. I still miss people that I grew up with, knowing that I can't really get in contact with them or anything like that, and I miss our home because that's all we ever knew.
PAUL WHELAN, FORMER NSW POLICE MINISTER: Haken's public acknowledgement as a police informer sent shock waves to those who he had been working with. It came as a bomb. Haken exposed a large number of corrupt police, all the way up to chief superintendent, to assistant commissioner. I would have to say that it was Haken's evidence that was crucial for the success of the royal commission.
TREVOR HAKEN: I was called to give evidence over the next nine years. Bill Bayeh eventually got a lengthy jail sentence. Graham Fowler got a short sentence for attempting to defraud an insurance company by faking an accident whereby he slipped on a spilt milkshake, but he was never prosecuted over the bribery in the car incident. I was the target of every smear campaign that the New South Wales police could put together. Even my bank accounts with the Police Credit Union were frozen. It was indicative of what happened if you dared to cross the line that you were a marked man forever. I thought when the royal commission finished, our lives would be returned to some sort of normality. My wife decided that the ramifications of the undercover work, the uncertainty for the future, and perhaps other matters, were too much and she decided to divorce me.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: After my parents divorced, we lived with my dad. My mum basically wanted to start a new life and didn't really want to have kids around, and my dad really wanted us. The treatment of my dad since the commission has been absolutely pitiful. He has been given barely enough money to survive. He had no real prospect of re-entering the workforce because he really has no past.
TREVOR HAKEN: I believe I haven't been suitably compensated and my security hasn't been taken into consideration properly. Financially, I'm in a perilous situation. In the eyes of those at the Police Integrity Commission, I've reached my use-by date. No-one from there wishes to talk to me. Correspondence isn't answered. I believe I was indemnified for the evidence that I gave at the royal commission, and I'm now subject to civil prosecutions over matters which would have never seen the light of day had it not been for my revelations at the royal commission.
PAUL WHELAN, FORMER NSW POLICE MINISTER: Well, Haken should have been aware of the difference between criminal indemnity and civil indemnity. He certainly got the criminal indemnity because he didn't go to jail.
TREVOR HAKEN: I'm absolutely devastated by the element of loneliness that I suffer. I tried and, with some success, had a relationship with a lady who I fell deeply in love with, but there were too many problems that came up out of the past, just things surfacing all the time which destroyed any chance of a relationship continuing.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: It's not much of a life for someone else to come in on. It's a big ask of someone to enter into that by choice. I really hope that my dad can be happy. He is extremely pessimistic, but with reason. It's extremely difficult for my dad to make friends because everyone wants to know where you're from, what you do for a living or what you did for a living. People are inquisitive and when they don't know things, they question it and they don't really open up to you.
TREVOR HAKEN: I've lost all hope that life can ever be returned to normality. I see my children not as regularly as I would like, and I see my mother very irregularly, which is terribly, terribly disappointing.
BETTY HAKEN, MOTHER: I wish he could come back here to live, but that, of course, can never happen.
SARAH HAKEN, DAUGHTER: I worry about him all the time. I have a great fear of something happening to him. He’s always tired because he doesn't sleep, and he has nightmares. I don't think my dad is being paranoid and he hasn't always been a fearful person. I don't worry today as much about my safety, but I do have a great fear for his life. And that really, really scares me and I don't think it will ever get any better. They say there's no such thing as witness protection in Australia, and that's a very scary thought. It's really saying, "If you have a prospect of being in a position like my dad, I would say don't do it." Because you just - they're not going to look after you and you're going to live to regret it.
TREVOR HAKEN: I would have been far better off not going on side with the royal commission and holding the line with other members of the New South Wales police force. Even if I had gone to jail, it would probably have only been for a couple of years and not the life sentence that I've got now. I just think if you do the crime, do the time.
The Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service (Wood Royal Commission) was held in the State of New South Wales, Australia between 1995 and 1997. The Royal Commissioner was Justice James Roland Wood. The terms of reference were to determine the existence and extent of corruption within the New South Wales Police; specifically, it sought to determine whether corruption and misconduct were "systemic and entrenched" within the service, and to advise on the process to address such a problem.
In 1995, the Commission received letters patent widening the terms of reference to include investigation the activities of organised paedophile networks in New South Wales, the suitability of care arrangements for at-risk minors and the effectiveness of police guidelines for the investigation of sex-offences against minors.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1RrEpi871M
Stations of the X - 168 cops out of control 1994
Stations of the X - 168 cops out of control 1994
Investigations and Powers of
The Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service (Wood Royal Commission)
The Commission was granted considerable powers, even by the standards of a Royal Commission; in addition to the usual power to compel attendance, the giving of evidence and the production of documents and self-certification of warrants for electronic surveillance, bugs and telephone intercepts. Commission officers were permitted to carry firearms and were conferred the powers of a constable of the NSW Police Service. Most notably, lying to or misleading the Commission was an offence carrying a sentence of up to 6 months imprisonment.
In contrast to the usual structure of Royal Commissions, which are staffed primarily by lawyers and administrators, the commission had three investigation teams composed of lawyers, accountants, investigators and current and former officers from every Australian and common-law jurisdiction excepting New South Wales. The commission also acquired the equipment and expertise so that it possessed the sophisticated covert surveillance capabilities it would need to effectively monitor the activities of groups of corrupt police officers and organised criminals.
By 1995, the Commission had uncovered hundreds of instances of bribery, money laundering, drug trafficking, fabrication of evidence, destruction of evidence, fraud and serious assaults in just the detective division of the Kings Cross patrol. Participation in misconduct was universal in the detective division of the Kings Cross patrol, and the senior levels of the branch had detective sergeants and the chief detective in a permanent corrupt relationship with major drug traffickers and the local criminal milieu. The Kings Cross detectives received payments akin to a "rent" from individuals like Bill Bayeh, Stave Hardas and "Fat" George; the payments totalled thousands of dollars per week, collected by Sergeant Trevor Haken and shared amongst the six detective sergeants and the chief detective ("Chook" Fowler). This corrupt practice was known in police circles as "the laugh".
In 1994, Trevor Haken was summonsed for an examination at the New South Wales Crime Commission. They had become aware of his relationship with drug traffickers and his corrupt practices. The Wood Royal Commission had assessed Haken as being the individual most likely to co-operate with the Commission in a covert capacity, and took the opportunity to put to Haken an offer to work with the Commission. He agreed and he was instructed by the Commission to simply carry on as normal; his car was fitted out with bugs to record video and audio and his phones were permanently tapped. Over the following 6 months, Haken continued to collect payments from traffickers, distribute them to the other corrupt detectives and collected an enormous amount of intelligence and data for the Commission.
In 1995, the Commission scheduled a hearing about the Kings Cross patrol. It summonsed the detective sergeants and Chook Fowler and asked them whether they had ever accepted or asked for a bribe. They emphatically denied they had. Having these denials on the record, the Commission then played video footage and audio recordings from the bugs in Trevor Haken's car. The recordings showed very clearly the handing over of large amounts of cash and discussion of bribes and corrupt activities. Following this bombshell hearing, resistance to the work of the commission from the police service and media crumbled and they were inundated with calls from serving officers seeking to determine whether they could make a deal.
The next day, Commissioner Wood declared a conditional amnesty for disclosures of corruption or misconduct by serving officers. The Commissioner emphasised that the goal of the inquiry was to ascertain the prevalence and nature of corruption in the NSW police and advise on the reforms necessary to address the problem. Removing corrupt officers who would simultaneously provide a full account of their conduct and end their ability to engage in further corrupt practices. It would allow the NSW Police to obtain a large amount of information that would not otherwise come out in criminal proceedings, and it would serve as a clean break for the NSW Police Service.
In addition to the Kings Cross hearings, hundreds of police officers were compelled to resign as evidence of wrongdoing and misconduct was brought to light. Specialist officers from the Fraud Enforcement Agency, Northwest Regional Crime Squad and Drug Squad were implicated in particularly serious abuses and criminality. A large number of generalist, uniform officers also left the service due to the disclosure of misconduct.
Paedophilia/pederasty enquiry
In 1995, the Independent Commission Against Corruption referred a matter to the Commission regarding the possibility of collusion between organised paedophile networks with members from the legal profession, media and political establishment, and the senior ranks of the NSW Police Service and judiciary. For the purposes of this article, and in the Commission Report Volume 4, the term paedophile is used as an umbrella for sexual offences and behaviours that include paedophilia, pederasty and hebephilia.
The allegation of the existence of this conspiracy was made by Colin Fisk, a convicted sex offender and member of such a network; the background to this allegation was his arrest, along with Detective Larry Churchill, for child pornography and drug offences. Fisk alleged the existence of a vast network of prominent individuals from the legal profession, media, political establishment and medical profession who were paedophiles/pederasts and were colluding with senior ranks of the police service to protect its members from prosecution.
In pursuing this term of reference, the commission investigated the activities of the particular pederastic/hebephilic network of which Fisk was a member, and its relationship with a group of corrupt NSW Police Service detectives. The network operated as a mutual syndicate and was designed to facilitate the distribution of child pornography, the procuring and sharing of underage sexual partners by members, investment in property such as an underage male brothel in Surry Hills and a pooling of resources and information for the purposes of evading law enforcement and maintaining access to illicit markets. Syndicate members also carried on an amphetamine-trafficking enterprise to raise money to help with the significant expense imposed by the requirement to pay bribes, and the high price of illicit materials and services.
The relationship between the network and the group of corrupt detectives was extensive and multifaceted, including regular bribe payments to the detectives in exchange for advance warning of law enforcement scrutiny, consignment of large amounts of methamphetamine to the network members on a profit-sharing bases and the planning of insurance frauds and financial crimes. The detective closest to the network, Larry Churchill, also shared some of the hebephilic tendencies of the network members.
The Commission found that the syndicates were effective and efficient in protecting the perpetrators from law enforcement scrutiny and facilitating their criminal activities, and there had been a corrupt relationship between the Fisk syndicate and a group of corrupt officers led by Larry Churchill. The inquiry also conceded that there were probably other such networks and corrupt dealings unknown to them but based on the extensive evidence provided by large numbers of sex-offenders, victims and law enforcement officers, it felt able to put that aside and concentrate on its instruction to examine police procedure and care arrangements for minors.
It was highly critical of police, prosecutors and public servants in their approach to the prosecution of sex offences against minors and their lack of specialist police resources and clear guidelines. The Commission made comprehensive recommendations for the reform of care arrangements and police and public service procedures in dealing with child victims of sexual offences.
However, the inquiry debunked the most sensational allegations made by Fisk and was emphatic that there was no compelling evidence for the existence of a large network of prominent professionals with paedophile tendencies and a criminal bargain with senior officers of the police service to protect them from prosecution.
When the inquiry was first set up, Police Commissioner Tony Lauer stated that corruption in the New South Wales Police was not systemic or entrenched; in fact, he provided a map to the commission purporting to show areas which were guaranteed to be free from any systemic misconduct. The Kings Cross patrol, the most egregious participant in corruption and criminality, was labelled by the Lauer document as being entirely free from corruption.
The sensational revelations coming out of the Commission hearings, and his emphatic assertion that corruption was a non-issue, made Tony Lauer's position as Commissioner untenable. He resigned shortly after the publication of the Commission's initial report.
Following the Commission hearings, the government felt that the senior ranks of the NSW Police Service were too compromised by personal misconduct or personal ties to corrupt officers meant that no officer could be expected to navigate the reform of the service and implement decisions in the face of bitter opposition from colleagues and former colleagues. Peter James Ryan was recruited from the United Kingdom and successfully implemented many of the recommendations of the Commission, including drug testing for serving officers, integrity testing and more thorough supervision. The New South Wales government also undertook a series of legislative changes, which resulted in the majority of recommendations being consolidated in statute. These recommendations included the questioning and investigation procedures that followed arrest.[1]
In addition to reforms of the police service, the facilities, staff and equipment of the Commission formed the nucleus of the Police Integrity Commission; the PIC retained many of the broad powers held by the Wood Royal Commission and has acted as a standing Royal Commission.
The Commission has been criticized as "puritanical" for overreacting to minor cases of alleged misconduct like the Kareela Cat Burglar case, where senior detectives who were tangentially involved in a case where mace was used on an uncooperative baby raper were dismissed from the force 12 years after the event.
http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/holding-judgement/2007/06/08/1181089328815.html
9th June, 2007
It took up 451 hearing days, heard from 902 public witnesses and cost an estimated $64 million. Malcolm Brown reports on the Wood royal commission, 10 years on.
It began on June 15, 1995, when an unnamed Annandale detective jumped to his death from the seventh floor of a building, apparently through fear of the Wood royal commission. The detective's suicide was followed by those of Ray Jenkins, a dog trainer (July 10), and Inspector Robert Tait, the acting patrol commander at Narrabri (March 29, 1996). Nineteen days later a former Wollongong alderman, Brian Tobin, gassed himself.
On May 8 the same year, Peter Foretic gassed himself the day after giving evidence about pedophilia. On September 23, Detective Senior Constable Wayne Johnson shot himself and his estranged wife after being adversely named in the royal commission. On November 4, David Yeldham, a retired judge about to face the royal commission on questions of sexual impropriety, killed himself. A month later Danny Caines, a plumber and police confidant, committed suicide at Forster, on the North Coast.
Altogether, 12 people enmeshed in the Wood royal commission took their own lives. Scores of others were so profoundly affected by proceedings that their supporters and families believe it shortened their lives. A former detective, Greg Jensen, suffered a recurrence of the stomach cancer that ultimately ended his life, while another former detective, Ray McDougall, who faced the threat that commission investigators might expose his extramarital affair if he did not co-operate, succumbed to motor neurone disease.
There is no doubt that the Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service, headed by the Supreme Court judge James Wood, purged the force of a rollcall of rotters. A total of 284 police officers were adversely named, 46 briefs of evidence were sent to the Director of Public Prosecutions and by 2001 nine officers had pleaded guilty to corruption offences and three not guilty. Seven police officers received jail sentences, including the former Gosford drug squad chief Wayne Eade and a former chief of detectives, Graham "Chook" Fowler.
Several high-profile police ended their careers in disgrace, including Ray Donaldson, an assistant commissioner, whose contract was not renewed, and Bob Lysaught, the commissioner's chief of staff, whose contract was torn up. Charges against 14 officers were dismissed because of irregularities in search warrants and their execution.
That left the question of what to do with police who were on the nose but who could not be brought to account by normal means. The solution was the creation of section 181B of the Police Service Act, under which the police commissioner could dismiss an officer on the basis of what had come out of the royal commission. Section 181D allowed the police commissioner to serve an officer with a notice indicating that he "does not have confidence in the police officer's suitability to continue as a police officer". The officer could show cause as to why he should be retained, and if dismissed could appeal to the Industrial Relations Tribunal.
http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/CICrimJust/1998/26.pdf
The Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service:
Process Corruption and the Limits of Judicial Reflexivity DAVID BROWN* Introduction This paper will offer an examination of the Reports of the Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service (Interim Report February 1996; Interim Report: Immediate Measures November 1996; Final Report Voll: Corruption; Final Report Vol!!: Reform; Final Report Vol II!: Appendices May 1997) excluding the Report on Paedophilia, August 1997. The examination will be confined essentially to one question: to what extent do the published Reports consider the part played by the judiciary, prosecutors and lawyers, in the construction of a form of criminal justice revealed by the Commission itself, to be disfigured by serious process corruption? The examination will be conducted by way of a chronological trawl through the Reports of the Commission in an attempt to identify all references to the role of the judiciary, prosecutors and lawyers. The adequacy of any such treatment will then be considered. In order to set the scene a brief and generalised overview of the Wood Commission will be offered together with the Commission's definition of process corruption. Overview Hatton proved right: 'entrenched and systemic' corruption The establishment of the Wood Commission was a victory for the former independent member of the NSW parliament and long time anti-corruption campaigner John Hatton, and a corresponding defeat for the forces of complacency represented by then Commissioner Tony Lauer (who described suggestions of entrenched corruption as 'figments of the political imagination' Sydney Morning Herald 1415194), then NSW premier John Fahey (who described the parliamentary vote establishing the Commission as a 'tragedy' Daily Telegraph 1215194) and former Premier Nick Greiner ('an exercise in self-indulgence which would waste wads of money' Sydney Morning Herald 1415194). The findings of the Commission that there was 'entrenched' and 'systemic' corruption in the NSW Police Service was a vindication of John Hatton's position and discredited Lauer, Fahey and Greiner's opposition to its establishment. As early as February 1996 in its Interim Report the Commission was able to state that:
within a short time of commencing its inquiries. the Royal Commission came into possession of intelligence suggesting that there were significant groups of serving police acting in ways which were corrupt and that the practices in question were long-standing, having been inherited or copied over many years, and having over that time involved both serving and former members of the Police Service (at 1). The Wood Commission was remarkably successful when compared with recent inquiries such as the New South Wales Independent Commission Against Corruption Milloo Inquiry (ICAC 1994) in revealing extensive entrenched corruption in a wide range of areas. These included: • process corruption; • gratuities and improper associations; • substance abuse; • fraudulent practices; • assaults and abuse of police powers; • prosecutions - compromise or favourable treatment; • theft and extortion; • protection of the drug trade: • protection of club and vice operators; • protection of gaming and betting interests; • drug trafficking; interference with internal investigations, and the code of silence; and • other circumstances suggestive of corruption (Vol I at 83--84 ). The success in revealing extensive 'entrenched' and 'systemic' corruption was brought about in part by the 'power and resources' accorded the Commission (Vol I at 144), by some innovative investigative techniques, particularly the piOduction of video evidence and the 'roll-over' of some key police witnesses such as Trevor Haken relatively early in the process. Selective examples of the video surveillance, in particular the 'crotch-cam' shots of 'Chook Fowler' trousering wads of cash and uttering endless pemrntations on the F word, achieved international media cult status. Such readily understandable and widely conveyed images grabbed public attention, helped build up a strong momentum for further revelation, swept aside the remnants of the 'rotten apple' thesis and created a strong public and political demand for reform. While not making specific published findings against individuals the Inquiry resulted in a significant number of police being dismissed or resigning ('separations' as the Commission puts it), and cleared the ground for later dismissals, and possible prosecutions or internal disciplinary actions. Process corruption Direct evidence of police 'on the take' or dealing in drugs, tends to fall within most definitions of corruption. The Commission was suitably alert to concentrating only on the easy cases and broad in its definition of corruption which importantly included process corruption, which it listed as comprising variously: • perjury; • planting of evidence; • verbals in the form of unsigned records of interview and note book confessions; • denial of basic rights in respect of matters sue h a.s the use of a caution, or detention for the purpose of interview; • assaults and pressure to induce confessions; • gilding the evidence to present a better case:
• posing as a solicitor to advise suspects to co-operate with police; • tampering with the product of electronic interception to remove any matter that might prove embarrassing; • unofficial and unauthorised practices such as putting suspected street drug dealers onto a train and 'banning' them from an area; and 'taxing' criminals who are seen as beyond the law (Vol I at 84). As the Commission notes, process corruption 'is often directed at those members of the community who are least likely or least able to complain, and it is justified by police on the basis of procuring the conviction of persons suspected of criminal activity or anti-social conduct, or in order to exercise control over sections of the community'. The Reports give numerous examples of the various process corruption practices and some useful case studies across a range of different police sections including Kings Cross, a regional crime squad (north-west), a suburban patrol (Marrickville detectives) and an 'elite task force' (the joint Task Force- a combined Federal and NSW State police force). Many of the forms of process corruption were common across these quite different sectors, indicating its entrenched (police witnesses used the word 'routine': Interim Report at 46) nature. Among the consequences of corruption the Commission includes the observation that 'the innocent may be convicted of crimes they did not commit, and the guilty may escape justice' (Vol I at 46). It pointed out that process corruption 'commonly becomes linked with extortion, theft and other forms of corruption', going on usefully to 'expose the hypocrisy of the tag of 'noble cause corruption' sometimes given to this activity' (Vol I at 85). The Commission stated in its Interim Report that process corruption: strikes at the very heart of the administration of the criminal justice system, bringing it into disrepute. Moreover, once learned and practised, it can become an effective method of extortion in the hands of an officer lacking in integrity. If it is not checked, it will eventually destroy or so destabilise the Police Service and other institutions of criminal justice, such as the Courts, to the point where all confidence in and respect for them is lost (at 46). Notice that at this point, process conuption is seen as having a significant effect on the conduct of the criminal process and the operation of the courts. Failures and omissions I have elsewhere outlined what I consider to be a number of weaknesses in the Commission Reports (Brown 1997a). One weakness is the failure to squarely confront three key institutional components of the criminal justice system central to any analysis of the reasons for both the emergence of entrenched corruption and the failure to pick it up in the prosecutorial and judicial process. The judiciary, the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions and the legal profession are to a significant extent missing players in the Reports of the Commission, indicating an inability to be reflexive about institutional conditions conducive to corruption. This is the issue which is pursued in this paper. Other weaknesses which will not be discusssed here are: an over-reliance by both the Commission and the NSW Government on the appointment of a new Commissioner, Peter Ryan, to ensure the cyclical processes of corruption are broken up, manifest in an over-concentration of power in the hands of the Commissioner at the expense of a role for democratic civilian input and in relation to the powers of dismissal; the lack of concern to address the plight of those convicted as a result of process corruption; recommendations for extensions to police powers (the recommendation for the recreation of the abolished Special Branch as a Protective Security Group, justified in part by the Sydney 2000 Olympics), expanded surveillance powers, extended detention powers without the full codes of conduct which are provided in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (UK) and are linked to the legislation giving them the force of law, extended phone tapping powers, police immunities undermining the effect of Ridgeway (1995), are at odds with the overwhelming evidence of the misuse by police of existing powers and extensive process corruption. The missing players: on the bench, at the bar Let us try to identify the points at which the judiciary, the OPP and to a lesser extent the legal profession, emerge as potential ethical agencies of responsibility and regulation in relation to police misconduct and corruption, only to often disappear again very quickly. The Reports provide a series of telling examples. I have tried to include nearly all references to the role of these three agencies throughout the Reports of the Royal Commission, although I note that there is no index to any of the Reports, which limits their utility as research sources, leading commentator Evan Whitton to remark that 'for $64 million, the customers might have expected at least that' (Australian 16/5/97). Interim Report: Appearance and disappearance 1 In Chapter 1 of the Interim Report under the heading 'The Disciplinary Structure' a list of eight organisations follows: 'Commissioner of Police; Police Tribunal; Police Board; Government and Related Employees Appeal Tribunal (GREAT); Minister of Police; Governor; Director of Public Prosecutions,' and courts' (at 19, emphasis added). Yet the discussion which follows concentrates almost entirely on all the other agencies. The role of the OPP and courts are discussed only in relation to the potential prosecution of police in relation to matters referred to the Special Crime Unit in the OPP from the ICAC and the NSW Crimes Commission. It seems not to be envisaged at this stage that the OPP and the courts have any responsibility or role to play in bringing police misconduct and com1ption to light. This omission is repeated in 'Complaints and Discipline' Chapter Vol II of the Report (at 327- 372) only here the OPP and courts have disappeared altogether. Appearance and disappearance 2 The courts next pop up in Chapter 2 of the Interim Report assessing 'The Inquiry So Far (1 )'. There we find some acknowledgment of the inadequacies of the court hearing as a forum for ventilating complaints about police fabrication of evidence. Astoundingly though, such an acknowledgment is not followed up in any way; the court process is characterised as having little or no role to play in bringing process corruption to light. Complaints made by accused persons of fabricated evidence being provided against them are rarely, if at all, investigated beyond the limitations of the trial process. It must be recognised that the trial process is an inappropriate forum for such complaints to be determined. Often this is because it is perceived that it may not be in the best interests of an accused to complain, either formally, or during the course of the trial process. To do so may only paint that person in a worse light in the eyes of the tribunal of fact. Alternatively, if such an allegation is maintained, it is commonly discounted as the standard response of a guilty accused. The confidence so derived largely permitted the 'police verbal' and 'loading' of accused to become an art fonn within certain sections of the NSW Police Service (at 40). Fleeting appearance 3 (but kept entirely in the dark) Later in Chapter 2 of the Interim Report in the discussion of Process Corruption the prosecution and judiciary do make a fleeting appearance, but only to be absolved, they have alas,
been completely hoodwinked. In a discussion of 'misplaced loyalty which is at the core of organised corruption in the Police Service' it is noted that: police spoke of its existence as routine, and as something they believe was expected of them. Intelligence received and evidence yet to be called suggests that it was not confined to these areas. On the contrary, the suggestion is that it has been widespread, and has escaped the attention of the Judiciary, and of those involved in the prosecution process, from whom the truth has been concealed (at 46, emphasis added). The missing judges: non-appearance 4 A few pages later in the Interim Report in Chapter 3, The Inquiry So Far (II) 'Problems Arising in Dealing With Police Misconduct and Corruption' it is noted that 'investigation of police is potentially the most difficult area of criminal investigation, for many reasons, including': • they are not easily fazed by interview, they are experienced in giving evidence, and they are capable of lying; • their credibility and character are readily assumed by jurors and tribunals (at 49). We might be forgiven for wondering at the ease with which judges have changed into tribunals, which along with juries have again proved rather gullible. And wonder why if this is already known it couldn't be taken into account in assessing credibility (by judges on tribunals or in instructing juries). Interestingly this absolution approach is followed a few pages later by a discussion of the 'stumbling block' which 'police culture' presents to the internal investigation process of police. 'In very many cases' we are informed, 'investigations have ground to a halt in the face of police turning a blind eye to obvious misconduct or corruption ... ' (at 50). Am I being obtuse or is there a bit of a double standard in operation here? Might we be dancing to the tune of Culture Club rather than just The Police? At the end of this chapter it is noted that 'the role of the other external bodies', which seems to include the Police Board, The Auditor-General, the Inspector-General and the State Coroner (but not the OPP or judiciary) 'is not such that they have played any real part in discouraging or investigating serious misconduct or corruption' (at 69). Disappearance 5 In Chapter 5 ofthe Interim Report 'A New System' under the heading 'The Complaints and Corruption Investigation System' three possible sources of complaints are listed as 'members of the public, police; and other government agencies, including courts' (at I 00). And yet there is no further discussion of any role the courts might play in dealing with these complaints. Again, courts as an institutional site and judges as agents with some responsibility for administering the criminal justice system within which police misconduct and corruption might come to light. seem to have disappeared. More promising appearance 6 Finally, in Chapter 6 'Anti-Corruption Measures-Other Issues' we gain a more promising glimpse of the OPP and the judiciary, heaven forbid, as potential players, budding ethical agents who may even have a responsible role to play in referring suspicions of serious misconduct or corruption on to the new Police Integrity Commission. Options include: • the introduction of measures whereby suspicion of serious misconduct or corruption, arising on reasonable grounds in the course of criminal trials, might be brought to the notice of the PCC [now the PIC, Police Integrity Commission] and the police Service. by prosecutors and judicial officers (Interim Report Feb 1996 at 127).
It has only taken us 127 pages to get to this point, but don't get too excited, it is only an 'option'. Let us go to the Final Report to see how this limited suggestion is taken up. Final Report: when cultures collide The relationship between police culture and 'the social, political and organisational context of policing, in which it takes place' (Vol I at 32) appears to open up a more than merely gestural analysis of the networks, the links between police culture and legal and judicial cultures. Certainly glimpses are provided, as in the discussion of process corruption in Vol I Chapter 2 which it is noted: is compounded by ambiguities within the legal and regulatory environment in which police work, and by senior police and members of the judiciary apparently condoning it (at 36). The problem is, that whenever such an object appears it does so elusively, only to be gone again. A few pages later under the' Policing Environment' it rates not a mention (at 38-45). Enter the High Court Later in Chapter 3 'A Selective History' under the sub-heading 'Oversight of the Service' we finally find a heading 'The Judicial Process' (at 79). But the treatment is brief (less than a page) and once again in the 'we was duped' vein. It is worth quoting at greater length. The period since 1970 has been marked by considerable concern within the Defence Bar of New South Wales as to the regularity with which their clients claimed to have been the subject of fabricated evidence in the form of: • notebook confessions; • unsigned records of interview; • assaults; 'loading' (planting of weapons. drugs and money); and • police perjury to ·improve the evidence'. In the main, the courts were sceptical of these claims. although in the light of the evidence received by this Royal Commission it 1s now evident that there was much of substance in them, and that many persons were convicted on the basis of tainted evidence. This was a significant factor in the persistence of such a practice. Corrupt police were able to trade on the notion of the 'thin blue line' and urge that they had no motive falsely to implicate anyone or to do anything other than their honest duty. As experienced witnesses they were invariably impressive under cross examination (at 79). However from 1986 onwards the High Court came to the rescue with increased scrutiny of the investigation process in decisions such as Williams ( 1986); McKinney and Judge (1991 ); Clough (1992) (sic - they mean Pollitt (1992)); Domican ( 1992); Black (1993); Foster (1993). Thus: the overall effect of the greater involvement of the High Court in criminal appeals and of a more intense scrutiny of procedural and evidentiary matters. has been to: • discourage corrupt investigative practices; • force police services generally to place greater reliance on physical evidence; and • encourage the introduction of electronic recording of interviews with suspects (at 80). Full stop. All of which is heartening but rather begs a range of questions such as: the actual effect of these decisions 'on the ground'. Earlier for example, the Report notes the various ways in which Williams has been bypassed: by the consent 'fiction', by arrests at times magistrates were not available, by the lack of further inquiry if a guilty plea is forthcoming as a consequence of a confession, or through the likely failure of court to exclude evidence in the absence of a guilty plea (at 36; Dixon 1991 );
if these decisions had 'discouraged corrupt investigative practices' why was the Commission necessary and why was process corruption still so pervasive as evidenced in page after page of the Report?; the selective nature of the list omitting as it does cases such as McDermott ( 1948); lawless ( 1979); Alister ( 1984); Chamberlain (1984) (Marling 1987); Doney ( 1990); C hidiac ( 1991) (Brown 1997b ), before the High Court, not to mention others at a State level (see generally Carrington et al 1991, Hawkins 1977). A rare glimpse of what can be done A long way from the majesty of the High Court we find in passing in a case study of 'The Sugar Reef Restaurant Incident' an example of what might be done to make the courts a more effective site of regulation of improper and corrupt police practice. In a humble Licensing Court proceedings were dismissed 'but as a result of critical remarks made by the magistrate regarding the truthfulness of WH's evidence, an internal investigation was conducted' (at 91). A glimpse of (some) prosecutors In Chapter 4 Corruption Found By The Royal Commission under the heading 'Prosecutions - Compromise Or Favourable Treatment' it is noted that 'evidence was called of various ways in which police interfered with prosecutions, or provided favourable treatment to persons brought before the criminal justice system' (at l 09). However the brief discussion is rather partial in that it seems to assume that interference runs only in the direction of favourable treatment, summarised as 'watering down of the available criminality', 'withholding material facts', the "loss'of physical evidence or witnesses', creation of "loopholes' in records of interview' and the 'provision of letters of comfort'. There was clearly evidence of such practices before the Commission and it is a serious matter which does great damage to the credibility and integrity of the criminal justice system when it appears that such favours can be negotiated or bought. But are we to believe that all police interference with prosecutions is favourable to suspects? The Commission compounds its partial view when it continues: Without making findings as to the involvement of police prosecutors in these practices, the problem seemed confined, at least on any direct basis of complicity, to police concerned at the arrest, bail and brief preparation stages. In many instances, however, an astute and fairminded prosecutor might well have been expected to entertain a suspicion that all was not above board, to the point of initiating an internal investigation (at I 09). Notice the crucial words of limitation 'police prosecutors'. What was that about the 'brotherhood'? Do these practices only occur prior to committals or in summary matters? But we know from previous inquiries such as the ICAC and indeed the Commission itself that major problems of this sort, especially those in relation to favourable treatment of informers, occur in the higher courts where the cases are prosecuted by the OPP and by Crown Prosecutors (see for example Vol I at 113 ). It is in these forums, for example in applications for sentence discounts, that we have seen some of the most dubious' letters of comfort' submitted, and some of the most partial recitations of the motives and past records of the applicant for a sentence discount, put forward by other than police prosecutors and accepted by judges. Indeed the Royal Commissioner Justice James Wood sat on the sentence redetermination of Ray Denning's life sentence which had the effect of Denning being released within three years of a major prison escape and commission of armed robbery and other crimes, in circumstances involving a very selective and favourable interpretation of Denning' s motives and history (Brook 1991 )
To give another example the NSW Court of Criminal Appeal has been in the rather embarrassing position of giving a four year sentence discount to notorious offender and informer Fred Many on the ground that his 'assistance was significant, substantial and true' when the same court differently constituted had nine months earlier allowed an appeal in the exact same case referred to, on the basis that Many's evidence was unreliable in that he gave four versions of a key event (Domican and Drummond (No 2) ( 1990) at 418-419; see Brown and Duffy 1991: 185-190). Needless to say, it was not a police prosecutor who conducted the Crown case at the CCA. There is one advantage of the focus on police prosecutors and that is that the arguments in favour of phasing out police prosecutors in favour of the OPP can be rehearsed once again in Volume II ( 16 years on from the Lusher ( 1981) inquiry). Correctly the Commission notes that: The desirability of having the prosecution process separate from the investigating process does not depend on evidence of misconduct or corrupt behaviour on the part of the police prosecutors. It rests essentially on the principles of independence and impartiality which are relevantly affected in the present context by • the fact that police prosecutors are answerable to their supervisors in the chain of command, • they do not owe a legal duty to the court in the same way that solicitors and barristers do; and • they are not subject to the code of behaviour and professional discipline as members of the legal profession (at 316 ). These arguments have theoretical appeal but some elaboration on the likely practical effect of positive obligations attaching to legal ethical duties and professional discipline, in the light of some of the case studies presented to the Commission, would have been most interesting. Unfortunately they are not forthcoming. Duped again: 'hear no evil, see no evil ... ' Without expecting self flagellation we might expect just a sprinkle of judicial reflexivity in the context of a discussion organised around notions of honesty and integrity in a process involving a range of parties, some with supervisory roles. But once again malpractice is strictly confined to particular agents, certain police or 'some officers', as in the following acknowledgment that: informants ... are spared prosecution for offences which they are known to have committed, or are given favourable treatment in relation to custodial arrangements or sentencing in return for giving evidence against others, without sufficient disclosure of their true position to senior officers, the OPP and the courts (at I 13 ). The 'some officers' solely responsible for this state of affairs are undoubtedly devilishly clever at concealing their corrupt arrangements from 'senior officers, the OPP and the courts' who apparently bear no responsibility for the cases they are supervising, managing, arguing and hearing. It is as if the cases proceed without agency, save for that of the original investigator. A rather different inflection arises later in a discussion of the 'necessity' to legislate to overturn the effect of the Ridgeway ( 1995) decision in which the High Court refused to sanction illegal covert operations, what I elsewhere describe as the Commission's familiar 'legalise the illegalities' strategy (Brown 1997a:223-224). Here the Commission shifts from the 'we was duped' to the 'blind eye to the telescope' metaphor in quite a revealing fashion:
it is undesirable for the courts to be placed in a position where an expectation arises that they will similarly turn a blind eye to this form of conduct or de facto be given a delegated responsibility to 'excuse' criminal conduct (at 446, emphasis added). Legal practitioners obtain absolution If prosecutors and judges are absolved of any responsibility (save of course for police prosecutors) the legal profession similarly receive brief mention and then disappear from sight. While evidence suggested that some lawyers had colluded in the production of 'less than honest' expert reports and character references: the proof of unethical or improper practices on the part of lawyers is very difficult, because of the difficulties in penetrating legal professional privilege and in maintaining the kind of electronic surveillance required for affirmative proof (at 111 ). This is undoubtedly correct, there are technical impediments to such investigations. But there are no impediments to a discussion in a Royal Commission Report of the reluctance of legal disciplinary bodies to pursue complaints against lawyers, nor of the development of mechanisms through which lawyers might take greater ethical responsibility for material presented in court. The Commission does note that the OPP are introducing a procedure requiring copies of all documents lodged by the defence to be lodged at least two working days prior to the hearing (at 112). But as we have seen, dubious references and reports are not restricted to the defence. My basic point here is the simple one that police do not operate in a vacuum, and they are not the sole agents responsible for the ethical operation of the criminal justice system. Some rather fuller treatment of the roles and responsibilities of others and the extent to which these might be enhanced in the interests of integrity, might have been expected. At last: some recognition The vast bulk of Volume II Reform, has little or no reference that I cou!d find to the role of the judiciary, prosecutors or the legal profession. But finally in a one page section towards the end of Volume II under the heading 'Review of Prosecutions' there is a belated recognition that other agents might be responsible for initiating an internal review mechanism. This would be by way of the establishment of a prosecution review committee comprised of senior officers to: conduct a post mortem on: ' any major prosecution, which has failed in circl!mstances suggestive of serious police incompetence or malpractice; and • all cases in which judicial criticism is made of the integrity and conduct of the police concerned, or where the DDP delivers an adverse report on the quality of the police investigation (at 491 ). The Commission views commitment of the Service to such a procedure as a valuable means of enlisting the support of the profession, the OPP and the Judiciary in improving the overall efficiency, professionalism and integrity of the Service. For too long, the attitude on the part of the Crown prosecutors and the judiciary has been that problems seen in prosecutions have not been their concern, and that if anything is to be done, it should be left to the Service. Such an attitude excludes a valuable and independent sentinel and weakens police accountability (at 491 ). The chief concern here once again appears to he prosecutions compromised in favour of the accused as against those fixed through various forms of process corruption, against them. A fair response might be 'better late than never', but I find this paragraph somewhat hypocritical given the way the Report has largely airbrushed 'the profession, the OPP and the judiciary' out of the picture. With respect, 'such an attitude' of 'not our concern' has been amply replicated in the Commission Reports, as I have shown. It is re-inforced in the final chapter. Final chapter: disappeared again There are a range of mechanisms and institutions through which process corruption in particular might be revealed and curbed. In the final chapter of the Report headed 'An End To The Cycle Of Corruption' those agencies are identified as the Police Integrity Commission, Ombudsman, ICAC, NSW Crime Commission, Auditor General, The State Coroner, Ministry of Police, and Council on the Cost of Government. Various useful recommendations are made about how these 'external oversight' agencies might improve their game. This is in addition to a large number of recommendations about the inculcation of integrity measures within the Police Service itself. But as I have belaboured throughout this paper, rather closer to home, in the sense of potentially providing daily scrutiny of police activities through the prosecution process, there are a range of other agents and institutions who seem to be missing in action in the Report. Those agencies are the office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, the organised bodies representing lawyers, the Law Society and Bar Association, particularly their disciplinary committees, and Magistrates and Judges. The police are only, to adopt a sporting analogy, some of the players in the game of criminal justice. lfthey have, as the Commission through thorough investigation decisively proved (finally laying to rest the oft interred 'rotten apples' thesis), been involved in 'entrenched and systemic corruption', it is difficult to believe that other players in the game can have been totally ignorant of this. Reflexivity starts at home What is missing in a sustained way is any sense of reflexivity in the Royal Commission Report. As is clear from some of the individual case studies, prosecutors having ethical duties of 'fairness and impartiality' have colluded in the presentation of clearly suspect evidence. When very occasional complaints about such behaviour have been made, the disciplinary bodies of the Law Society and Bar have been reluctant in the extreme to pursue them. Magistrates and Judges have often been at best gullible in their acceptance of police testimony and hostile to challenges to it Appeal courts have lacked the necessary scepticism and nose for miscarriages of justice, or been tardy in identifying practices productive of injustice such as police verbals or the use of informers. While there is no doubt much in the Report which hopefully will assist in 'ending the cycle of corruption' this aim is only possible if all the players are involved and take responsibility for the ethical and effective conduct of their roles. Reflexivity starts at home. It is easy to blame everyone else. I do not wish this paper to be interpreted as an attempt to let the police off the hook. The Royal Commission was a commission into the Police Service and not, like its British counterpart, into Criminal Justice. Police clearly do a lot more than investigate criminal offences and initiate prosecutions. But this is an important dimension of police work and one which brings the Service into contact with and to some extent under the scrutiny of, a range of other agencies with responsibilities for vetting the integrity of police conduct and evidence and ensuring a fair trial. I do think the police are entitled to feel aggrieved when so much attention is devoted to the pernicious aspects of police culture(s) and at the same time other aspects of the network of legal cultures which connect and overlap with police cultures and practices are ignored or glossed over, the agency and responsibility of powerful players such as the judiciary, prosecutors and the legal profession minimised or denied.
In a national political context where courts and judges are increasingly coming under fire from politicians who voice disagreement with judicial findings in unrestrained and ignorant terms in an attempt to bully and influence tribunals in particular cases, one is cautious about criticising the judiciary. Without wanting to personalise the point it is worth noting that the Royal Commissioner, Justice James Wood, who recommended the abolition of NSW Special Branch in the Royal Commission, sat on an inquiry into the convictions of Alister, Dunn and Anderson in 1984-85 (Wood 1985). This inquiry resulted in a pardon for the three on the basis that their convictions were unsafe. But the inquiry also revealed some of the dubious practices of Special Branch at that time, practices similar to those which horrified the same Justice Wood some 12 years later. A more sceptical, less 'idealised' (Findlay 1991 ), more rigorous and searching analysis of the material revealed in 1985 may have resulted in Special Branch being exposed and dealt with 12 years earlier. As mentioned earlier, Justice Wood also sat on the Denning sentence re-determination, so the dangers of compromised Crown cases should scarcely be novel. He also presided over the Leigh Leigh rape/murder case at Stockton in 1990 (R v Webster) and in the process commended the police in the case: The police involved, working under the direction of Detective Sergeant Chaffey, should in my view, be highly commended for the care, dedication and professionalism with which they went about the task and for bringing the offender to book (at l l ). The Webster investigation was subsequently referred to the Royal Commission as an example of a partial investigation that operated to protect a large number of boys present at the events from prosecution on assault charges, and the possible complicity of two of the boys in the murder itself (Carrington 1994). The Commission declined to pursue the complaint further after some preliminary investigations. The matter is currently being investigated by the NSW Crimes Commission. I do not raise these examples, which spring readily enough to mind and could no doubt be multiplied with research, in order to embarrass Justice Wood who is generally regarded as a good and fair judge. The point is that when issues such as corruption are found to be reasonably commonplace in complex institutions like the criminal justice system, we cannot lay the blame for this state of affairs solely at the feet of one particular agency, and within this, to an identifiable coterie of rogues and rascals. Rogues and rascals might have considerable power and influence but they do not preside over the criminal justice system. That task is carried out in the main by well intentioned people of integrity such as judges, prosecutors and lawyers, professionals who tend to inhabit the upper reaches of society. It ill behoves such people to minimise their agency and responsibility for their own role, performance and outcomes. It seems to me that this is exactly one of the chief accomplishments of the Royal Commission Report. List of Cases Chamberlain v R (1984) 153 CLR 521. Chidiac v R (1991) 171CLR432. Domican v R ( 1992) 173 CLR 555. Doney v R (1990) 171 CLR 27. Foster v R (1993) 113 ALR I.
Lawless v R ( 1979) 142 CLR 659. McDermott v R ( 1948) 76 CLR 501. R v Alister (1984) 154 CLR 404. R v Black (1993) 118 ALR 209. R v Clough (1992) 28 NSWLR 396. R v Domican and Drummond (No 2) ( 1990) 46 A Crim R 408. R v McKinney and Judge ( 1991) 1 71 CLR 468. R v Pollitt ( 1992) 174 CLR 558. R v Varley (1987) 8 NSWLR 30. R v Webster unreported 24 October 1990, Supreme Court ofNSW No 70112/90. Ridgeway v R ( 1995) 69 ALJR 484. Williams v R (1986) 16 CLR 278. REFERENCES Brook, R (1991) 'Raymond Denning's Best Planned Escape' in Carrington, K, Dever, M, Hogg, R, Bargen, J & Lohrey, A (eds) Travesty! Miscarriages of.Justice, Pluto, Sydney. Brown, D (I 997a) 'Breaking the Code of Silence' Alternative Law Journal, vol 22, no 5, pp 220. Brown, D (l 997b) 'The Chidiac Case: another miscarriage of justice?' Alternative Lmv Journal, vol 22, no 5, pp 237. Brown, D & Duffy, B (1991) 'Privatising police Verbals: the Growth industry in Prison Informants' in Carrington, K, et al (eds) (1991) Travesty! Miscarriages of Justice, Pluto, Sydney. Carrington, K (1994) 'Representations of Crime, Guilt and Sexuality in the Leigh Leigh Rape/Murder Case' Australian Feminist Law Journal, vol 3, pp 3. Carrington, K, Dever, M, Hogg, R, Bargen, J & Lohrey, A (eds) (1991) Travesty! Miscarriages of Justice, Pluto, Sydney. Dixon, D ( 1991) 'Interrogation, corroboration and the limits of judicial activism' Alternative Law Journal, vol 16, no 3, pp 103. Findlay, M (1991) 'The Justice Wood Inquiry: The Role of Special Branch in the Cameron Conspiracy' in Carrington et al (eds) Travesty.' Miscarriages of.Justice, Pluto, Sydney. Hawkins, G (1977) Beyond Reasonable Doubt, ABC, Sydney. Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) (1994) Investigation in to the Relationship Between Police and Criminals, First Report: February, Second Report: April.
Lusher, J (1981) Report of the Commission to Inquire into New South Wales Police Administration. Marling, J ( 1987) Report of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into Chamberlain Convictions, Government Printer, Darwin. Royal Commission Into the New South Wales Police Service (February 1996) Interim Report. Royal Commission Into the New South Wales Police Service (November 1996) Interim Report: Immediate Measures for the Reform of the Police Service Of New South Wales. Royal Commision Into The New South Wales Police Service (May 1997) Final Report Volume /: Corruption; Final Report Volume ff: Corruption; Final Report Volume ///: Appendices. Royal Commission Into The New South Wales Police Service (August 1997) Report on Paedophilia. Wood, J (1985) Report of the Inquiry held under s475 of the Crimes Act 1900 into the Convictions of Timothy Edward Anderson, Paul Shawn Alister and Ross Anthony Dunn at Central Criminal Court, Sydney on !st August. 1979, 3 Volumes.
Funeral of Graham 'Chook' Fowler
By DAMIEN MURPHY Mat 22, 2013
http://www.theherald.com.au/story/1520533/funeral-of-graham-chook-fowler/Funeral of Graham 'Chook' Fowler
By DAMIEN MURPHY
May 22, 2013,
THEY brought the reputation of the NSW Police Service to its knees but there was no stepping back or apologies when they buried the cop who became the symbol of a force gone wrong, Graham ‘‘Chook’’ Fowler.
For many at the Palmdale Crematorium funeral service on the Central Coast on Thursday, defiance took the place of grief.
The convicted and jailed former NSW policeman Roger Rogerson stood by the body of the former Detective Inspector jailed for his video portrayal of a corrupt cop in the Wood Royal Commission and swore vengeance.
To rising appreciation, Rogerson described Trevor Haken, the former policeman who trapped Fowler into being filmed accepting a bribe, as ‘‘a Judas ... a drunk, a blackmailer, a thief, a wife beater’’ who dobbed in his mates.
Rogerson told mourners that he, former hotelier Steve Farley and former Kings Cross policeman Peter Kelly, had visited Fowler as he lay stricken in his Bateau Bay home two months ago.
They talked, he said, about the ‘‘good old days’’ and the one thing Fowler had wanted was to live long enough to attend Haken’s funeral.
‘‘And I speak for many here when I say that I’m going to make sure I’m around to attend the funeral of that lowest form of life,’’ Rogerson said as the Hillside Chapel erupted in applause.
Fowler, who had been sick for some time, died of bladder cancer aged 69.
He had been the boss of Kings Cross detectives, but achieved notoriety in June 1995 when the Wood Royal Commission watched video footage from a camera placed under the dashboard of a car showing him in his Stubbies pocketing a $1000. His second-in-command, Haken, had rolled over and been secretly recording his mates taking bribes to save his own skin.
About 500 people attended Fowler's funeral service.
The crowd included many friends he made living on the Central Coast in recent years, including a large contingent from the The Entrance Tigers Rugby League Club where Fowler was a committeeman.
There was no condolence book.
But given the number of men in their sixties with large chests that had fallen south, it was clear many former police colleagues had come to bury their mate.
Fowler was born in Lake Born in Lake Cargelligo in 1943, and joined the NSW police service in 1963. He served in Wagga Wagga before becoming joining the CIB and moving to Kings Cross. He married three times and had five children. He ran a delivery business with his wife of 31 years, Sue, on the central Coast. He also fished.
Michael Byrnes, whose father had convinced Fowler to join the service, told mourners his uncle had become the ‘‘poster boy’’ for the Wood Royal Commission.
He said he was ‘‘a hard cop’’ who got a bum rap, a man who had served when the NSW Police Force was far different.
Fowler received a three-year sentence in 2000 with a two-year non-parole period after he was convicted of receiving a bribe and giving false evidence.
Haken is in a witness protection program.
Who Runs The World? Solid Proof That A Core Group Of Wealthy Elitists Is Pulling The Strings
Michael Snyder
Economic Collapse
Jan 30, 2013
Does a shadowy group of obscenely wealthy elitists control the world? Do men and women with enormous amounts of money really run the world from behind the scenes? The answer might surprise you. Most of us tend to think of money as a convenient way to conduct transactions, but the truth is that it also represents power and control. And today we live in a neo-fuedalist system in which the super rich pull all the strings. When I am talking about the ultra-wealthy, I am not just talking about people that have a few million dollars. As you will see later in this article, the ultra-wealthy have enough money sitting in offshore banks to buy all of the goods and services produced in the United States during the course of an entire year and still be able to pay off the entire U.S. national debt. That is an amount of money so large that it is almost incomprehensible. Under this ne0-feudalist system, all the rest of us are debt slaves, including our own governments. Just look around – everyone is drowning in debt, and all of that debt is making the ultra-wealthy even wealthier. But the ultra-wealthy don’t just sit on all of that wealth. They use some of it to dominate the affairs of the nations. The ultra-wealthy own virtually every major bank and every major corporation on the planet. They use a vast network of secret societies, think tanks and charitable organizations to advance their agendas and to keep their members in line. They control how we view the world through their ownership of the media and their dominance over our education system. They fund the campaigns of most of our politicians and they exert a tremendous amount of influence over international organizations such as the United Nations, the IMF, the World Bank and the WTO. When you step back and take a look at the big picture, there is little doubt about who runs the world. It is just that most people don’t want to admit the truth.
The ultra-wealthy don’t run down and put their money in the local bank like you and I do. Instead, they tend to stash their assets in places where they won’t be taxed such as the Cayman Islands. According to a report that was released last summer, the global elite have up to 32 TRILLION dollars stashed in offshore banks around the globe.
U.S. GDP for 2011 was about 15 trillion dollars, and the U.S. national debt is sitting at about 16 trillion dollars, so you could add them both together and you still wouldn’t hit 32 trillion dollars.
And of course that does not even count the money that is stashed in other locations that the study did not account for, and it does not count all of the wealth that the global elite have in hard assets such as real estate, precious metals, art, yachts, etc.
The global elite have really hoarded an incredible amount of wealth in these troubled times. The following is from an article on the Huffington Post website…
Rich individuals and their families have as much as $32 trillion of hidden financial assets in offshore tax havens, representing up to $280 billion in lost income tax revenues, according to research published on Sunday.
The study estimating the extent of global private financial wealth held in offshore accounts – excluding non-financial assets such as real estate, gold, yachts and racehorses – puts the sum at between $21 and $32 trillion.
The research was carried out for pressure group Tax Justice Network, which campaigns against tax havens, by James Henry, former chief economist at consultants McKinsey & Co.
He used data from the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, United Nations and central banks.
But as I mentioned previously, the global elite just don’t have a lot of money. They also basically own just about every major bank and every major corporation on the entire planet.
Please read the full story on Who Really Runs the World further down this INLNews.com web page...
thank you for taking the time for reading this important information....#
Who Are The Rothschilds?
The Famous Balfour Letter to Dear Lord Rothschild,
I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet.
His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.
I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation.
Yours sincerely,
Arthur James Balfour
Hitler's American Business Partners
This documentary uncovers the unholy alliance between Nazi Germany and some of the biggest corporations in the US — companies which were indispensable for Hitler to wage war. Henry Ford, the automobile manufacturer; James D Mooney, the General Motors manager; and Thomas Watson, the IBM boss were all awarded the Grand Cross of the German Eagle — the Nazi's highest distinction for foreigners for their services to the Third Reich.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
. “Getting along with their own business“
The secret pact of Standard Oil with the Nazis and why Adolf
Eichmann was silenced
The Russian Revolution installed a new global order. Until 1917, the Europeans were in command of the world. Then the US corporates wanted to get in the global business, above all, John D. Rockefeller who founded Standard Oil in 1870. In 1879 he merged the Vacuum Company and many other firms until1911, when the Trust was desolved and broken into many smaller companies. But the Rockefeller family maintained power in the oil business.
At that time, petroleum was produced in two places, in Texas and in Baku, in the
Caucasus. The Russian oilfields were owned by the Nobel and Rothschild families who lost their assets with October Revolution. “In summer 1918, Mr. Nobel flew from the Soviets and begged the German emperor Wilhelm to help him to conquer his assets back”, says the historian Dietrich Eichholtz. But thinking about “conquer” wasn’t possible with an unarmed German Republic.
The interest of the Rockefeller family were identical with the interest of Deutsche Bank.
And after WW1, their shares of the „Turkish Petroleum Company“ were transferred as „enemy property“ to France. For many years, the Deutsche Bank tried to litigate against this expropriation, but finally they realized that there wouldn’t be any chance on the legal front. There is strong evidence to suggest that approximately in 1927, Deutsche Bank and Standard Oil made a secret pact aimed at bringing Hitler to power in order to conquer the Oil of Baku. Standard Oil promised to supply the fuel.
1927, Standard Oil and IG Farben founded the company „Standard IG Farben“;
president was the oil dealer William Farish from Texas. Standard passed to IG Farben the patents about the coal hydrogenation processes and the Germans gave them the patents how to manufacture synthetic rubber. In the same year, 1927, the young Adolf Eichmann, close friend of Ernest Kaltenbrunner (chief of Hitler’s Gestapo), was hired by the Vacuum Oil Company in Austria, a relation with future.
While the European powers wanted to avoid growth of German industry after WW1,
US invested huge sums in Germany and never ratified the Versailles Treaty. They sold German bonds in the US financial market. One of the most important was the"Union Banking Corporation" of George H. Walker. He named his son-in-law, Prescott Bush, grandfather of US president George W. Bush, director of the firm. And he made great business with the Germans, before and after 1933. In the board of his „Walkers American Shipping and Commerce Company“ with its Hamburg-America Line was Emil Helfferich, member of „Freundeskreis Reichsführer- SS“ and until end of WW2 President of Deutsch-Amerikanische Petroleum Gesellschaft, later ESSO, and Vacuum Oil Company in Hamburg.
Read full story further down this INL News page
http://www.bgcconstruction.
BGC Construction is an operating division of BGC (Australia) Pty Ltd, one of Australia’s largest private companies with Group turnover of in excess of $3 billion per annum and 3,500 employees.
BGC Construction has been in operation since 1971.
BGC is a major builder and manufacturer of building materials in Western Australia.
BGC Construction is certified to AS/NZS ISO 9001:2004 Quality Management, to AS/NZS 4801:2001Occupational Health & Safety Management Systems, and to ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management Systems. BGC Construction have also obtained Accreditation to the Australian Government Building and Construction Federal OHS Accreditation Scheme.
Additionally, the Company is accredited to the highest category of Category 5-Complex Contractor by the State Government.
DIRECTORS: |
SENIOR MANAGEMENT: |
|
Mr Sam Buckeridge |
Mr Shing Hoi Cheong |
General Manager |
Mr Andrew Buckeridge |
Mr Chris Spooner |
Senior Contracts Manager |
Mr Julian Ambrose |
Mr Robert Gugliotta |
Contracts Manager |
Mr Andrew Teo |
Mr Brian Marinovich |
Senior Construction Manager |
Mr John Irvine |
Retirement & Unit Development Manager |
|
Mrs Catherine Elliott |
Accounts Manager |
|
Mr Gary Littlewood |
Services Manager |
|
Mr Jason Duthie |
HSEQ Manager |
BGC Construction’s management team is well balanced, experienced and committed to the company’s goals of achieving the client’s design, financial, time and quality targets, while maximising client involvement, minimising disputation and promoting on-going partnering relationships.
Perth BGC Phone: +61 8 9261 1700
Email: construction@
Fax: +61 8 9261 1747
BGC Bunbury and Albany: Phone: +61 8 9722 3100 Fax: +61 8 9792 4633
Mobile: +61 419 947 460
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Leonard Walter "Len" Buckeridge (15 June 1936 – 11 March 2014) was an Australian businessman known for founding the Buckeridge Group of Companies. He attended Perth Modern School then trained as an architect[2] at Perth Technical College. In his final year of Architecture he won the James Hardie Prize for his thesis "The Economical House". He built high-rise buildings in Perth and elsewhere through his company, Buckeridge Group of Companies. He also owns James Point Pty Ltd. In September 2012, he sued a former fork-lift driver who allegedly posted defamatory comments on Facebook about him. The former employee was backed by the labour union United Voice. In November 2012, he sued the Government of Western Australia for A$1 billion regarding a delay in construction on Cockburn Sound. Premier Colin Barnett counselled him to drop the lawsuit. Buckeridge also sued about a delay in the construction of the Perth Arena. He was married twice. To Judy Lyon, mother of his five children Lise, Rachel, Andrew, Sam, Joshua. And to Tootsie Ambrose (real name Siok Pauy Koh) , mother of Julian Ambrose. He lived 12 Johnson, Mosman Park, which is neighbourhood of Perth, which h was originally his mother’s house As at January 2013, he was worth an estimated US$1.4 billion. He died of a heart attack at his home on 11 March 2014, aged 77 years. However there are strong rumours that Len Buckeridge was murdered by his Triad partners by placing an undetectable clear tasteless drug in his water which kills the person by heart attach within a couple days and leaves no chemical trace of the drug that caused the heart attack. As far as Len Buckeridge’s Triad partners were concerned, Len Buckeridge had passed his use by date, having help his train partners launder hundreds of billions of dollars from Hong Kong into Western Australia over a 40 year period through Len Buckeridge’s BGC Group of building and building supply and manufacture companies from around 1974 to 2014. In 2013 there was a renewed push by the IBNL News Group to have Len Buckeridge’s charged for many serious crimes Len Buckeridge had committed during his life time, but protected from the highest levels in the legal, police and legal world in Western Australia and Australia as a whole… if Len Bickeridge has been charged for any criminal offence during his life time it would have opened up such large cans of worms and Pandora’s Box.. ones that his Triad partners could not afford to be opened up.. so there was no choice to murder Len Buckeridge .. but make it look like a natural heart attack….
One can find out more about the criminal offences that Len Buckeridge has committed and how and why Len Buckeridge was fully protected from the highest levels in the Legal, Police and Political World form any form of criminal investigation or prosecution in the books written by Steven Wijat
All in enquiries for publishing, film and play rights to:
Email : nuisancekoala@gmail.com or to: inlnews@aol.co.uk
If you want to be on the waiting list for collectors copies of any of these books written by Steven Wijat
Please Email to: nuisancekaoal@gmail.com or
Other books written by Steven Wijat
1. 'The Nuisance but Lovable Koala that could not fit on the Square '
2. My Life is stranger than fiction;
3. Who really organized the murder of Thomas Graham Allwood and why?;
4. Murder, Fraud and Scullduggery over Haywicks Farm, Haywicks Lane;
5. Nightmare in Garratt Close -Beddington, Surrey, London;
6. Lord Patrick Hodge, the English Wolf, Posing as a Scottish Lamb;
7. The Australian Media Conspiracy;
8. Keystone Cops, Shady Lenders, Fraudulent Receiver Managers and Corporate Cowboys in the Gold Coast;
9. Who Really Runs the World and Why?
10. My Years as Perth's Italian Godfather's 'Little Mate;
11. Living Next Door To Len Buckeridge, the Psychopath for 60 years…
(..the nightmare that continues even after Len’s Death…)
Rumours are rife that Building Magante Len Buckeridge
http://inlnews.com/
was Murdered at 77 year old...read INL News.com
http://inlnews.com/
http://inlnews.com/
Businessman Cleans Gangs Millions
A High Profile businessman has been laundering millions of euros stolen during a spree of nationwide robberies.
http://inlnews.com/
A prolific burglary gang have linked up with well-known figure to profit form their operation.....The well known businessman- who is a household name ... which is the capital city of Ireland – has become a major target for .... the Organised Crime Unit, the Criminal assets Bureau and National Drugs Unit…A Source said: “These gang members are well-known to police …. they need someone who appears to be a legitimate businessman to launder the money,” “And that’s what this individual and some of his closest associates do – they are pumping the money into building projects and other such ventures while the general public don’t suspect a thing….”…..read the full story in the INLNews.com website
http://inlnews.com/
Also read in INL News.com about: Meeting Malaysia's notorious triads
“I admit that I am a bad guy, and that I'm a gangster “..Ah Hing
As part of the BBC's Who Runs Your World? series, Jonathan Kent in Kuala Lumpur looks at
how Malaysia's notorious triad gangs are run.
http://inlnews.com/
Ah Hing says he makes deals with politicians and policemen
“..We have some cases where [those owing debts] have been assaulted…”… Michael Chong, Malaysian
Chinese Association
Len Buckeridge.....
"..a man that built an image of being a man who was above the law..."
Len Buckeridge, Australia's 19th richest person, with an estimated pwersonal wealth of over $3 billion, has died on Monday at 8am at his dest at hope of a alleged heart attack, at the age of 77, ... Len Buckeridge construction materials and home building business, Buckeridge Group of Companies, known as BGC has an estimated yearly turnover of in excess of $160 billion dollars.... with many multi-million large lucrative government building and supply contracts awarded to BGC over the years.
Len Buckeridge
11 MARCH 2014 | JONATHAN BARRETT
PRINT: 12 MARCH 2014 | PAGE 45 | WAIF WHO WENT ON TO BUILD AN EMPIRE
On Tuesday, Australia lost one of its most successful and colourful business people. Aged 77, Len Buckeridge, the former shoeless war child from England who built the Buckeridge Group of Companies into a manufacturing and construction empire suffered a suspected heart attack and died.
11 MARCH 2014 | JONATHAN BARRETT AND JULIE-ANNE SPRAGUE
PRINT: 11 MARCH 2014 | PAGE 1 | BILLIONAIRE MOGUL LEN BUCKERIDGE DIES
Updated | Outspoken building mogul Len Buckeridge, the founder of the Buckeridge Group with an estimated wealth of $2.1 billion, has died from a suspected heart attack at his Perth home.
Prominent West Australian businessman Len Buckeridge has died aged 77.
The self-made billionaire behind the Buckeridge Group of Companies died at his home in the Perth suburb of Peppermint Grove this morning.
A desire to provide low-cost housing led to the creation of BGC (Buckeridge Group of Companies), which in 2013 had an estimated turnover of $160 billion per year ... BGC had always seemed to end up withlucrative large government building and building supply contracts, along with controlling the lion's shares of residential and commercial building companies in Western Australia and over 20 building manufacture and supply companies. Many of the BGC companies were built from the ground up on empty blocks of land that were not always zoned at the time for the purpose the businesses needed, with the help of massive capital injections in the 1980's and 1990's onwards from the family of Siok Pauk Koh, who is the mother of Julian Ambrose, who in Len Buckeridge started a de-facto relationship with in the late 1980's, and divorsed his original wife. Len Buckeridge's attitude was rules were meant for mugs, and simply built houses and factories where he wanted, when he wanted and how he wanted and argued the rules, building approvals and zoning after the buildings were completed and businesses already operating... one particular case that is well known, is when Len Buckeridge had a massive legal battle with the Mosman Park Shire Council, when Len Buckeridge completed ignore the original building plans for his two new Swan River frontage duplex homes in Johnson Parade, Mosman Park, that were approved by the Mosman Park Shire Council, and built the two duplex homes about the legal and approved hight limits, blocking Len Buckeridge's neighbours Swan River views. When neighbours forced the Mosman Shire Council to take Len Buckeridge to court to enforce Len Buckeridge to remove his new home and rebuild it according tot the original shire approved plans and for the council to fine Len Buckeridge the maximum fine of $5,000 a day for building an illegal building... Len Buckeridge managed to just receive a fine, but was never forced by the courts or the council to remove the illegally built house....
Len Buckeridge was reported by the West Australian newspaper as "..a man that built an image of being a man who was above the law..."
A tells all book about the otherside of the life and times of Len Buckeridge and the way be built up BGC from a small company building cheap flats in Battle Street, Mosmans Park to cater for the battlers of society .... to being Australia's 19th richest man, with his BGC Group of Companies turning over each year in excess of $160 billion a year, has been written which will be published by the the INL News Group unless the rights are purchased Len Buckeridge's family to stop the book being published and made into a feature film... titled,
" 60 years of Living Next Door to Billionaire Building Magnate Len Buckeridge...the psychopath"
which describes in great detail, with no holes barred .... what is was like for this one family that lived next door to Len Buckeridge from the early 1950's onwards ....
The INL News Group had written in 2013 prior to Len Buckeridge's untimely death, to Len Buckeridge and his family and Len Buckeridge's Perth, Western Australia family solicitor Michael Hotchkin of Hotchin Hanly Solicitors based on the 1st Floor of the BGC Centre, 28 The Esplanade, Perth, Western Australia, Tel: +61 8 9218770 Fax: +61 8 9218777, email: hothan@iinet.net.au, and to Len Buckeridge's other solicitors and barristers, Corrs Westgarth and Chambers and Barrister Nicolas Dillon offering to sell the book and film rights to Len Buckeridge's family for $100 million ....then they could chose not to allow the puiblication of the book and not to allow the film to be made, or publish and make the film and make a billion dollars in doing so..
Please email any inquiries, information and/or requests regarding this proposed publication and/or any other matters, stories and information concerning Len Buckerdge and BGC to
David Rosen INL News Group
"David Rosen" <david.rosen.inlnews@gmail.com
By Keneth Rehnberg January 21, 2015
http://www.
Len Buckeridge was a self-made billionaire and a titan of the Australian construction industry before his death in March 2014 at the age of 77.
Buckeridge was the founder of the Buckeridge Group of Companies (BGC), which he steered to become Australia’s third biggest home builder. At one time, the group was the largest home builder in Australia for six years in a row. He died of a heart attack while working at his home.
After training as an architect as a young man, Buckeridge chose to enter the construction sector and soon built a reputation as one of the industry’s most reliable and fearsome operators.
At the time of his death, Forbes estimates that he had amassed a fortune worth in the region of US$1.2 billion (AU$1.47 billion) and Buckeridge was a firm fixture in lists of the richest people in Australia, at one point rising to as high as 17th.
Founding the Buckeridge Group of Companies
Working until the day he died at 77 on March 12 Len Buckeridge was a model of the self-made man. Trained as an architect he founded his own building business in his home town of Perth, Australia. He then built the factories to supply the building business. Always with an eye on the next big deal he spent 10 years planning a private port to cut the cost of imported materials and permit the export of what he made. The port is unfinished business, as is a clear succession plan for the Buckeridge Group of Companies, Australia's third biggest home builder.
Working until the day he died at 77 on March 12 Len Buckeridge was a model of the self-made man. Trained as an architect he founded his own building business in his home town of Perth, Australia. He then built the factories to supply the building business. Always with an eye on the next big deal he spent 10 years planning a private port to cut the cost of imported materials and permit the export of what he made. The port is unfinished business, as is a clear succession plan for the Buckeridge Group of Companies, Australia's third biggest home builder.
Buckeridge’s goal was to create a construction company that could be entirely self-reliant, which would enable it to carry out projects swiftly and without needing to rely on outside suppliers.
To do so he founded a wide range of firms under the BGC banner, with National Homes, Designer Homes, JCP Construction and Impressions the Home Builder among the subsidiary companies he set up. Other businesses formed under the BGC name included Commodore Homes, Perceptions The Two-Storey Builder, Stratawise, HomeStart, WA Housing Centre and BGC Modular.
BGC started out by building affordable houses for working-class Australians in Buckeridge’s home town of Perth before moving on to constructing factories and other corporate buildings. Buckeridge previously won the James Hardie prize for his five-year architectural thesis on low cost housing.
One of Buckeridge’s long-term projects was the construction of a private BGC port, a scheme that remained unfinished when he died. BGC is responsible for many of Western Australia’s most famous modern buildings, such as the state-of-the-art Perth Arena.
Buckeridge owned BGC outright until his death, making the firm one of Australia’s biggest and most successful private companies. Although he had started to think about succession planning, at the time of his death no firm arrangements had been made.
“I just like doing things,” Buckeridge was fond of saying, and although he amassed a large fortune over his career he still drove the same Mercedes to work that he had owned for 30 years.
Tributes to Len Buckeridge
As one of Australia’s most successful self-made billionaires of all time, tributes poured in for Buckeridge following his death at the age of 77.
Although Buckeridge had many run-ins with the construction union over the course of his life, it is telling that former union leaders were among those to speak up to praise him.
Kevin Reynolds described Buckeridge as an “old war horse”, adding that the construction magnate “certainly earned every dollar he had”. Mr Reynolds said: “He worked for it, and he created a lot of projects and a lot of jobs.”
Premier of Western Australia Colin Barnett stated that Buckeridge was one of the state’s “great characters”. He added: “He built a remarkably successful company in BGC, which today employs more than 4,300 people, and has fostered great loyalty from his staff.” A billion-dollar lawsuit with Barnett over the proposed private port plan was ongoing when Buckeridge passed away.
Perth Lord Mayor Lisa Scaffidi said Buckeridge was a “WA treasure” and described his death as a “devastating loss”. She said: “Many people didn’t know the person that Len Buckeridge was. He was a really loveable larrikin and yet a very intelligent man.”
Master Builders director Michael McLean said Buckeridge’s legacy will live on. He noted: “Len Buckeridge was an industry powerhouse who pioneered affordable housing and freedom of association in the commercial building sector.”
Buckeridge’s sister Margaret Halcombe explained that although her brother had previously undergone heart surgery and had been unwell for a long period, he still worked every day from from the dining room table in his house at Mosman Park, near Perth.
She said: “It’s terribly sad. He’s such a huge man, such a creative man. Larger than life, wonderful and creative. It’s such a terrible loss. He had so much more still to do.”
Construction magnate Len Buckeridge dies at home after long illness
By Rebecca Trigger 16 Jun 2014
Prominent West Australian businessman Len Buckeridge has died aged 77.
http://www.abc.net.au/news/
The self-made billionaire behind the Buckeridge Group of Companies (BGC) died at his home in the Perth suburb of Peppermint Grove on Tuesday. A trained architect, Mr Buckeridge leaves his wife, six children, and eight grandchildren. Mr Buckeridge built a vast empire in construction, manufacturing and civil contracting in the Pilbara. A desire to provide low-cost housing led to the creation of BGC, which controlled the manufacture of most of the materials that went into construction. The company now turns over more than $2.5 billion per annum. Named by Forbes this month as Australia's 20th richest man, Mr Buckeridge rose to prominence in 1960. BGC was behind several Perth landmarks including the Perth Arena, the WACA ground redevelopment and the Northbridge police complex.
However, Mr Buckeridge's life was not without controversy. He was suing the Government in the Supreme Court, claiming huge damages over a stalled private port project at James Point in Kwinana. The former head of the construction union, Kevin Reynolds, described Mr Buckeridge as a formidable opponent. "People will remember Len as a person who was prepared to take on anyone and everyone whether it would be the unions, government or other employer groups or other builders," he said. "If Len believed in something he would take 'em on." Perth property developer Nigel Satterley, who sold his company Statesman Homes to Mr Buckeridge, remembered the businessman as someone who was unafraid of breaking new ground. "It's a sad day for the Perth business community that Len has passed on," he said.
"He was the first home builder to get what we would call virtually fully integrated in what he did. "He was not only a substantial home builder, he was a substantial manufacturer. "He'll leave a few [legacies], being a real character, not frightened to tackle the establishment, tackle the unions, tackle many councils."
Generous contributor to sporting and community groups
Premier Colin Barnett remembered him as someone who never shied away from a fight, but also a man generous in his support for local clubs and sporting organisations. "Len was seen as a tough man in business and he was, he was also very generous and would support people needing help, very generous to local sporting and community clubs and look I think he was a great West Australian." "Len will be remembered as one of the more colourful characters of West Australian business, extraordinarily successful, from his home building to his building and manufacturing businesses and the BGC Group today employs over 4000 people. "I've been in many disagreements with Len and invariably he would tell me how useless I am and so on and after about 10 minutes or so, you'd say, 'come on, Len let's go and have a beer', and we'd go and have a beer."
Strong supporter of North Cottesloe surf club
Mr Buckeridge was a strong supporter of the North Cottesloe Surf Life Saving Club, where the flag was lowered to half mast. "He has been part of the club for I would say near to 45 years," club president Chris Shellabear said. "A lot of times as a service organisation we would really struggle to get things happening and Len would come and deliver us materials to get things out of. "Even recently when he was suffering ill health and we were pouring concrete foundations for the extensions of our new surf club, he was down here at 6:30 in the morning watching over the concrete pour."
Mr Buckeridge's family travelled to Australia from England near the turn of the century, Mr Shellabear said. He came from relatively humble origins. "I think he felt the North Cottesloe Surf Cottesloe is a surf club that has a really proud working-class history," Mr Shellabear said. "I think Len always saw himself as working class and he just felt comfortable here."
http://www.forbes.com/
Working until the day he died at 77 on March 12 Len Buckeridge was a model of the self-made man. Trained as an architect he founded his own building business in his home town of Perth, Australia. He then built the factories to supply the building business. Always with an eye on the next big deal he spent 10 years planning a private port to cut the cost of imported materials and permit the export of what he made. The port is unfinished business, as is a clear succession plan for the Buckeridge Group of Companies, Australia's third biggest home builder.
https://au.news.yahoo.com/
Tributes flow for Len Buckeridge
Kim Macdonald - March 12, 2014,
Len Buckeridge, one of the State's most influential businessman, worked until his final moments yesterday when he died from a heart attack.
The 77-year-old billionaire founder of the Buckeridge Group of Companies had a heart attack at 8.15am while working from home. Mr Buckeridge helped shape WA, with BGC's commercial, civil and residential developments spanning every part of the State over the past 50 years. His death leaves a question mark over his billion-dollar lawsuit against the State Government over claims that it reneged on a deal to let him build a private port at James Point in Kwinana.
But the $2.5 billion business will remain in the family, with his son Sam Buckeridge and stepson Julian Ambrose set to run the empire. His family and business peers say the father of six and grandfather of eight had appeared unwell but happy in recent days. Mining magnate Gina Rinehart paid tribute to the man with whom she developed a close working relationship, calling him a "rare gem" and an "outstanding Australian". "The sad loss of my good friend Len Buckeridge is a very big loss, not just for me, but for Western Australia," she said. Mrs Rinehart said the pair spoke at weekends. "I'll miss our chats, which invariably were always more about Australia and its future, not about our own companies," she said.
Kerry Stokes, the chairman of Seven West Media, said his first dealings with Mr Buckeridge were in the late 60s during the construction of several Hay Street offices. "He was a person who was prepared to go that one step further and I admired his tenacity," he said. "My thoughts are with his wife and family at this sad time.
"As a doyen of the building and construction industry he will be sadly missed by that industry and the West Australian community as a whole." Premier Colin Barnett said Mr Buckeridge was one of the great characters of WA business. "He built a remarkably successful company in BGC, which today employs more than 4300 people and has fostered great loyalty from his staff," Mr Barnett said. "He never shied away from a fight and certainly never shied away from contentious issues." Labor leader Mark McGowan said Mr Buckeridge was a self-made man whose legacy would always be remembered.
BGC praised its founder as an icon and a visionary.
"The company has a strong board and management team and, as Mr Buckeridge would have wanted, is continuing with business as usual," it said.
Rothschilds World Control Time Line
On the 9/11, the SEC lifted “Rule 15c3-3: Customer Protection – Reserves and Custody of Securities.” Thus GSCC Government Securities Clearing Corporation] was allowed to substitute other securities for the physical securities destroyed during the attack illegal bonds, which appear to have been replaced with Treasury notes backed by U.S. taxpayers in the aftermath of September 11.
Pilots for 911 Truth Raymond W. Smith was sitting on the board of directors at US Airways on 911. Ray Smith has served on the boards of Bell Atlantic, The Carnegie Corporation, Westinghouse, CBS, Corestates Financial, First Union, and others. He is also Chairman of Rothschild, North America, Inc. and Chairman of Verizon Ventures. Mr. Smith also served on the board of Five Arrows (Rothschild).
9-11 Judge Hellerstein is Connected to Rothschild-Funded ICTS .. (9/11 Airport Security) & Mariani case and 2
Pilots for 911 Truth Cheryl Gruetzmacher Gordon/Krongard is currently on the BOD at US Airways. She is the chief executive officer of Rothschild Asset Management Inc. She was a senior managing director at Rothschild also. She recently remarried ex-CIA AB 'Buzzy' Krongard. see Edward S. Gordon
Systems Planning Corp, Dov Zakheim, WTC remote controlled aircraft, Rothschild connection
Pilots for 911 Truth US Airways also had a 28 year CIA veteran sitting on it's board as well. James M. Simon Jr. is now on the board at ORBIMAGE. After September 11th, he was designated as the senior intelligence official for homeland security establishing and chairing the Homeland Security Intelligence Council.
AMEC, a Rothschild connected company did WTC / Pentagon rubble cleanup (evidence removal)
London School of Jewish Studies (LSJS) and London School of Economics are links to Rothschild / Dov Zakheim (9/11 mastermind) relationship.
Pilots for 911 Truth During the restructuring of US Airways, the company hired Rudy Giuliani''s firm as an advisor to the restructuring. Delta Airlines was paying $400,000 a month to restructuring specialists Giuliani Capital Advisors, founded by former New York mayor Rudy Giuliani.
Peter Peterson -- CEO of the Blackstone Group (controlled by Rothschild), parent corporation of one of three lease-holders for WTC 7
911Docs Actor Charlie Sheen has joined a growing army of other highly credible public figures in questioning the official story of 9/11 and calling for a new independent investigation of the attack and the circumstances surrounding it ... 9/11Truth Sheen questioned the plausibility of a fireballs traveling 110 feet down an elevator shaft and causing damage to the lobbies of the towers as seen in video footage, especially when contrasted with eyewitness accounts of bombs and explosions in the basement levels of the buildings.
Rothschild Connected to Mossad / ICTS .. (9/11 Airport Security)
Hearst estate is being advised by NM Rothschild, the investment bank. Popular Mechanics Magazine is a Hearst publication and at the forefront of 9/11 disinformation.
Within 30 minutes of WTC2 being hit NewsCorp (Rupert Murdoch, Rothschild Zionist) was giving out Bin laden's name as a suspect and the complete run-down on Al Qaeda and the Taliban along with the reasons for the collapse itself !
008 IllinoisPaytoPlay By Andrew Walden (Hawai'i Free Press) “Nadhmi Auchi, seen here with the Governor of Illinois, Rob Blagojevich (middle) at a 2004 Chicago dinner in Auchi's honor arranged by Antonin Rezko All three men have been convicted of corruption related charges (Auchi 2003, Rezko 2008, Blagojevich 2009) ... “A British-Iraqi billionaire lent millions of dollars to Barack Obama's fundraiser (dual US-Syrian citizen Tony Rezko) just weeks before an imprudent land deal that has returned to haunt the presidential contender, an investigation by The Times discloses. The money transfer raises the question of whether funds from Nadhmi Auchi, one of Britain’s wealthiest men, helped Mr. Obama buy his mock Georgian mansion in Chicago.” -- The Times of London February 26, 2008 The Auchi-Rezko-Obama connection came to public attention with federal marshals pounding on the door of Tony Rezko’s Wilmette Chicago mansion in the early morning of January 28, 2008. They hauled Rezko to jail after his bail was revoked for concealing a $3.5 million Auchi loan from the court. The Times outlines the story in two sentences. It should be of tremendous interest to the American public and the world. But there is more to this story than run-of-the mill political corruption. Nadhmi Auchi is alleged to have a long affiliation with Iraqi Baathism and Saddam Hussein—which his attorneys deny. How close were they? According to a 1960 US Embassy report, Auchi was convicted along with Saddam by an Iraqi court for his part in a failed 1959 assassination attempt against then-Iraqi Prime Minister Qassim. For his crime, Auchi earned a sentence of “three years rigorous imprisonment.” Times.UK .. articles have been deleted for the TimesOnline
but copies exist.
Connect Rothschild to Khashoggi
Connect Rothschild to Aitken via Lord Beaverbrook Wikipedia
2006 New York Times Petrina Khashoggi, 26 Ancestry British. Net worth Mum netted a reported $874 million in her divorce. This beautiful Londonite grew up believing the billionaire arms broker Adnan Khashoggi was her father. But when, as a teenager, she befriended the twins Alexandra and Victoria Aitken, they noticed that all three looked eerily alike. Petrina’s mother confessed: Me bad. Her real dad was Jonathan Aitken, the former Tory minister and convicted perjurer. In 2004 Petrina made her own confession, telling the press that she was a love addict. Suitors lined up, including her latest, Lord Edward Spencer-Churchill. and at right:Telegraph Nat Rothschild, pictured with Petrina Khashoggi, is thought to be buying a stake in Rusal through NR Investments, a private vehicle. Wikipedia Nat Rothschild, Wikipedia Jonathan Aitken,Wikipedia Adnan Khashoggi ... was implicated in the Iran–Contra affair as a key middleman in the arms-for-hostages exchange along with Iranian arms dealer Manucher Ghorbanifar and, in a complex series of events, was found to have borrowed money for these arms purchases from the now-bankrupt financial institution the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) with Saudi and US backing. In 1988, Khashoggi was arrested in Switzerland, accused of concealing funds, held for three months and then extradited to the United States where he was released on bail and subsequently acquitted. In 1990, a United States federal jury in Manhattan acquitted Khashoggi and Imelda Marcos, widow of the exiled Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, of racketeering and fraud. and see New Yorker Why was Richard Perle meeting with Adnan Khashoggi?
: a congressional investigation revealed that Khashoggi had borrowed much of the money for the weapons from the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (B.C.C.I.), whose collapse, in 1991, defrauded thousands of depositors and led to years of inquiry and litigation ...New Yorker search Richard Perle, Trireme
Dutroux Affair Tibor Rosenbaum ... A Hungarian Jew who became a a Mossad agent in 195 1 . He was a friend of Prince Bernhard. In 1958, with Edmond de Rothschild, he was a founder of the Swiss BCI through which he funded Mossad and Permindex operations. The bank was kind of a forerunner of the BCCI and equally involved in money laundering.
The Oil For Food Scandal links Obama to Nadhmi Auchi who is linked to Rothschilds and see Maurice Strong / Al Gore CO2 / Climate change globalization Cap & Trade scheme
Nadhmi Auchi (Le Cercle) was closely involved with this and projects in Saudi-Arabia, including clandestine sales of submarines, howitsers, medium-range laser guided bombs, Black Hawks
DeepPoliticsForum .. At the time of the Oil-for-Food scandal it turned out that Nadhmi Auchi's General Mediterranean Holdings had a majority share in BNP Paribas, the bank that handled all of the Iraqi loans and has subsidiaries all over the Middle-East. Auchi is a member of Le Cercle and is up to his ears involved in illegal arms trafficking, British Intelligence, and the British throne itself. Look for his bio in the membership list of Le Cercle. The link to Rosthschild is made by Norman Lamont's employment with Rothschild In March 1992 Paul Volcker became chairman of the newly created J. Rothschild Wolfensohn & Company, Wolfensohn & Co.'s London-based joint venture. The venture lasted until 1995 when James Wolfensohn was about to become head of the World Bank. Who was his advisor there? The earlier mentioned Maurice Strong, the United Nations bigwig that built up the conservation movement side-by-side with Edmund de Rothschild and David Rockefeller. Volcker went on to visit Bilderberg and Ditchley, became an advisor to the Japan Society, chaired the Group of 30 and the Oil-for-Food scandal investigation, and became a trustee of the American Assembly. He became a director of Hollinger (of Privy Councilor Conrad Black on which Kissinger, Carrington, and Evelyn de Rothschild also sat. Pilgrims Society member Raymond G.H. Seitz, a newer generation top-globalist, also sat on that board) and the Bankers Trust and became a member Circle of Presidents of the RAND Corporation. He already was a trustee of the Aspen Institute and a visitor of the Bohemian Grove Mandalay camp. At some moment, he became a member of the Chief Executive's Council of International Advisors of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).
Rothschild Octopus 7 Hartmann / Rappaport 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1976 SomeUnknownHistory Rothschild group was at the heart of the vast illegal web of BCCI. The key figure was Dr. Alfred Hartmann, the managing director of the BCCI Swiss subsidiary, Banque de Commerce et de Placement SA; at the same time, he ran the Zurich Rothschild Bank AG, and sat in London as a member of the board of N.M. Rothschild and Sons, Hartmann was also a business partner of Helmut Raiser, friend of de Picciotto, and linked to Nordex. OpenOffshoreBankAccountForNonresidentsOnline FAS Rappaport / Hartmann
Banque de Commerce et de Placement is listed. See Alfred Hartman ZoomInfo
The Real Story of the BCCI
Two rather critical facts, however, were invariably left out of the story—even during the lengthy soap opera trial of former BCCI attorney Robert Altman. The first fact was the extraordinarily close alliance between BCCI and some of Britain's most powerful financial houses and aristocratic families. The second fact was that BCCI was created, and then built up as a "world class" bank, primarily to manage the covert funds that poured into the secret war in Afghanistan. Hardly any mention was made of the fact that BCCI was in the middle of the Afghan effort—serving as the de facto central bank for a multibillion-dollar Golden Crescent illegal arms-for-drugs trade that mushroomed during 1979-90. ...
In 1976, BCCI established a Swiss base of operations by purchasing 85% of Banque de Commerce et Placements (BCP) of Geneva. The remaining 15% was retained by the original owner, Thesarus Continental Securities Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS). Under BCCI control, BCP was managed by Alfred Hartmann, a former senior official of UBS. Hartmann eventually became chief financial officer for BCC Holding, and was the person most accountable for the "lost" $23 billion. While serving as BCCI's "man in Switzerland," Hartmann was always operating on behalf of the Rothschild family. Hartmann was president of Rothschild Bank AG of Zurich, was vice-chairman of NY-Intermaritime Bank of Geneva (run by Mossad operative Bruce Rappaport), and was a member of the board of directors of the elite N.M. Rothschild and Sons in London.
American Spectator 1996 what has never been identified in a single major Western press investigation, was that the Rothschild-group was at the heart of the vast illegal web of BCCI. The key figure was Dr. Alfred Hartmann From the , the managing director of the BCCI Swiss subsidiary, Banque de Commerce et de Placement SA; at the same time, he ran the Zurich Rothschild Bank AG, and sat in London as a member of the board of N.M. Rothschild and Sons, Hartmann was also a business partner of Helmut Raiser, friend of de Picciotto, and linked to Nordex. Hartmann was also chairman of the Swiss affiliate of the Italian BNL bank, which was implicated in the Bush administration illegal transfers to Iraq prior to the 1990 Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. The Atlanta branch of BNL, with the knowledge of George Bush when he was vice-president, conduited funds to Helmut Raiser's Zug, Switzerland company, Consen, for development of the Condor II missile program by Iraq, Egypt, and Argentina, during the Iran-Iraq War. Hartmann was vice-chairman of another secretive private Geneva bank, the Bank of NY-Inter-Maritime Bank, a bank whose chairman, Bruce Rappaport, was one of the illegal financial conduits for Col. Oliver North's Contra drugs-for-weapons network during the late 1980. North also used the BCCI as one of his preferred banks to hide his illegal funds. Rich's, Reichmann's, and Soros's Israeli links According to reports of former U.S. State Department intelligence familiar with the Soros-case, Soros's Quantum Fund amassed a war chest of well over $10 billion, with the help of a powerful group of "silent" investors who let Soros deploy the capital to demolish European monetary stability in September 1992. Among Soros's silent investors, these sources say, are the fugitive metals and oil trader Marc Rich, based in Zug, Switzerland; and Shaul Eisenberg (ThinkAboutIt) (Globes, Rothschild), a decades-long member of Israeli Mossad intelligence, who functions as a major arms merchant throughout Asia and the Near East. Eisenberg was recently banned from doing business in Uzbekistan, where he had been accused by the government of massive fraud and corruption. A third Soros partner is Israel's "Dirty Rafi" Eytan, who served in London previously as Mossad liaison to British intelligence. Rich was one of the most active western traders in oil, aluminum, and other commodities in the Soviet Union and Russia between 1989 and 1993. This, not coincidentally, is just the period when Grigori Luchansky's Nordex Group became a multibillion-dollar company selling Russian oil, aluminum, and other commodities. Canadian real estate entrepreneur Paul Reichmann, formerly of Olympia and York notoriety, born in Hungary, Jew like Soros, is a business partner in Soros's Quantum Realty, a $525-million real estate investment fund. The Reichmann tie links Soros as well with Henry Kissinger and former Tory Foreign Minister Lord Carrington (who is also a member of Kissinger Associates, Inc. of New York). Reichmann sits with both Kissinger and Carrington on the board of the influential British-Canadian publishing group, Hollinger, Inc. Hollinger owns a large number of newspapers in Canada and the United States, the London Daily Telegraph, and the largest English-language daily in Israel, the Jerusalem Post. Hollinger has been attacking President Clinton and the Middle East peace process ever since Clinton's election in November 1992. EIR BCCI Lampuri,AmpedStatus
Capcom is the Chicago arm of BCCI BCCI Congressional Report “BCCI’s criminality included fraud by BCCI and BCCI customers involving billions of dollars; money laundering in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas; BCCI’s bribery of officials in most of those locations; support of terrorism, arms trafficking, and the sale of nuclear technologies; management of prostitution; the commission and facilitation of income tax evasion, smuggling, and illegal immigration; illicit purchases of banks and real estate; and a panoply of financial crimes limited only by the imagination of its officers and customers. ... “In the entire BCCI affair, perhaps no entity is more mysterious and yet more central to BCCI’s collapse and criminality than Capcom, a London and Chicago based commodities futures firm which operated between 1984 and 1988. Capcom is vital to understanding BCCI because BCCI’s top management and most important Saudi shareholders were involved with the firm. Moreover, Capcom moved huge amounts of money — billions of dollars — which passed through the future’s markets in a largely anonymous fashion.
Capcom AmpedStatus Once again, George Bush Sr.’s role in BCCI and the S&L crisis cannot be understated. To recap, over the course of BCCI’s entire reign, Bush Sr. led the CIA, then served as Vice President before becoming President. He had extraordinarily close relations with Saudi Arabia, the most oil-rich nation in the world. Kamal Adham see 9/11 funding was a top BCCI executive and head of Saudi Arabian intelligence, he was known as “the godfather of Middle East Intelligence” and was the CIA’s main liaison to the region. BCCI’s Chief Operations Officer was Khalid bin MahfouzWikipedia, who also led Saudi Arabia’s largest national bank and was a major player in the oil industry. Mahfouz was known as “the most powerful banker in the Middle East.” As already mentioned, Saudi Arabian intelligence was mixed in tightly with Wall Street banking interests in BCCI’s Capcom money laundering operations in the futures market. George Bush Sr. also did everything within his power to conceal these operations,
Wikipedia Khalid bin Mahfouz ... Bin Mahfouz was a non-executive director of Bank of Credit and Commerce International, a financial conglomerate later convicted of money laundering, bribery, support of terrorism, arms trafficking, and many other crimes. Mahfouz personally owned a 20% stake in BCCI. He was indicted by a New York state grand jury for fraud but denied any culpability. The fraud charges were settled for $225 million in lieu of fines
Capcom's majority shareholders, Kamal Adham see 9/11 funding and A.R. Khalil, were both former senior Saudi government officials and successively acted as Saudi Arabia's principal liaisons to the Central Intelligence Agency during the 1970's and 1980's. ... Its U.S. front men included Robert Magness, the CEO of the largest U.S. cable telecommunications company, TCI; a vice-President of TCI, Larry Romrell; and two other Americans, Kerry Fox and Robert Powell, with long-standing business interests in the Middle East. ...
By the late 1990s scions of the Rothschild global empire were Barons Guy and Elie de Rothschild in France and Lord Jacob and Sir Evelyn Rothschild in Britain.
The financial dealings of BCCI directors with Charles Keating and several Keating affiliates and front-companies, including the possibility that BCCI related entities may have laundered funds for Keating to move them outside the United States. The Subcommittee found numerous connections among Keating and BCCI-related persons and entities, such as BCCI director Alfred Hartman; CenTrust chief David Paul and CenTrust itself; Capcom front-man Lawrence Romrell; BCCI shipping affiliate, the Gokal group and the Gokal family; and possibly Ghaith Pharaon. The ties between BCCI and Keating's financial empire require further investigation. FAS
Skolnick -A former BCCI official gave a document to the Bank of England that shows that the BCCI was actively spreading out beyond it's five American branches as part of their efforts to gain influence. More importantly, it shows that 28 senators and 108 congress members were bribed. This was completely ignored by the mainstream press. -Six Chicago commodities brokers acted as the vehicles for the bribes. Among them were CapCom and GNP Commodities. CapCom was, at the time, part of TeleCommunications, Inc. (TCI), a giant in cable. Turner Broadcasting was jointly owned 16% by TCI and BCCI. TCI/BCCI also owns a good chunk of ABC's parent company, and has engaged itself in a number of corrupt deals with CBS. ... -The Chicago Board of Trade, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the Chicago Board Options Exchange, and the Chicago Stock Exchange (Which used to be called the Midwest Stock Exchange (Wikipedia), but changed it's name after a scandal) were used as money laundries for the BCCI bribery. Politicians would fly to Chicago under the guise of a speaking engagement, then they would pick up their "reward". Secret trading accounts were given to them. -Pinnacle Banc Group is the successor of BCCI. It's flagship is the Mafia/Vatican-tied First National Bank of Cicero. They changed their name to Old Kent Bank (Based in Michigan). Pinnacle Banc Group had it's strings pulled by mysterious people in Atlanta -- Georgia, interestingly, is where many top BCCI operatives hung out. -Many say that the Dutch/British are behind all of this. The British have plotted, at least since the War of 1812, to overthrow the US Government and do away with the US constitution, while exploiting America's workforce. Bill Clinton swore an oath to Cecil Rhodes Trust, an organization that wants to put the US under the control of the British. (7th Circuit Federal Appeals Chief Judge Richard Posner is a FEMA operative and a representative for University of Chicago (Rockefeller-controlled, Tied to oil industry). Judge Paul Plunkett is another).
Timeline, Summary, Alphabetic index NFU
Connect the First National Bank of Chicago and BCCI
Wikipedia Bert Lance was implicated in the BCCI scandal of the 1980s and early 1990s. He was involved in deals with notable BCCI luminaries Agha Hasan Abedi, Mochtar Riady and Ghaith Pharaon and with BCCI's largest borrower, P. S. Prasad, 6] and joined with Arkansas-based power investor Jackson Stephens in facilitating BCCI's takeover of Financial General Bankshares. Lance and Stephens made millions in the wake of BCCI's collapse. In January 1978, Lance sold his stock in National Bank of Georgia to Ghaith Pharaon, while on the same day, BCCI founder Agha Hasan Abedi paid off Lance's $3.5 million loan at the First National Bank of Chicago. The following month, Lance helped BCCI with their hostile bid for Financial General Bankshares of Washington. The attempt failed, but three years later, BCCI secretly acquired the bank (renamed First American Bankshares) using 15 Arab investors as nominees. The next year, Lance introduced Jimmy Carter to Abedi. In 1987, First American Bankshares acquired National Bank of Georgia from Pharaon. BCCI was terminated in 1991 and it was subsequently revealed that the bank had done many illegal activities, including secretly controlling several U.S. banks, in violation of federal banking statutes.
CapCom FAS
HawaiiFreePress Here is what The Times of London February 26, 2008 reported: A British-Iraqi billionaire lent millions of dollars to Barack Obama's fundraiser just weeks before an imprudent land deal that has returned to haunt the presidential contender, an investigation by The Times discloses. The money transfer raises the question of whether funds from Nadhmi Auchi , one of Britain’s wealthiest men, helped Mr Obama buy his mock Georgian mansion in Chicago. A company related to Mr Auchi, who has a conviction for corruption in France, registered the loan to Mr Obama's bagman Antoin "Tony" Rezko on May 23 2005. Mr Auchi says the loan, through the Panamanian company Fintrade Services SA, was for $3.5 million. Three weeks later, Mr Obama bought a house on the city's South Side while Mr Rezko's wife bought the garden plot next door from the same seller on the same day, June 15.… Mrs Rezko’s purchase and sale of the land to Mr Obama raises many unanswered questions. and HawaiiFreePress “(In 2004) Mr. Auchi traveled by private aircraft to Midway Airport in Chicago and then to a fete at the Four Season Hotel, where he met with his business partner in Chicago real estate, Mr. Rezko, as well as with Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich. Also present that night, according to a fresh report by James Bone and Dominic Kennedy of the London Times, was State Senator Barack Obama, who had recently won the Democratic primary for the U.S. Senate seat….”
Dean Henderson BCCI ....Since its inception, the IMF has violently abused the people of the developing world in its role as debt collector for the Eight Families Rothschild-led banking monopoly. ... The banksters sink poor countries into debt via loans that benefit either their wholly-owned multinational corporations or well-placed domestic strawmen. The IMF then swoops in and orders the now-indebted country to privatize its economy – with the banker-owned multinationals picking up state assets for pennies on the dollar as part of “debt reorganization”. One of the Eight Families’ tentacles facilitates this kabuki dance for a healthy fee. More often than not it is Goldman Sachs. No case illustrates this type of IMF official mugging better than that of the mysterious Bank of Credit & Commerce International (BCCI). see terms: Rockefeller, CDB, Caribbean Development Bank... BCCI – launched by Bank of America – was a CIA drug money laundry which moonlighted as mugger for the IMF bankers. The IMF helped BCCI set up shop in numerous countries, including virtually every Latin American nation. ... The racket worked something like this: BCCI, in addition to providing loans for deposits, would offer to broker a country’s debt with the IMF if the central bank was willing to deposit funds at BCCI’s local branch. Those countries that cooperated with the IMF would be rewarded with more loans. Those that refused never saw their money again. Most of the $20 billion that disappeared when BCCI was shut down belonged to Third World central banks whose governments had not bent over far enough for the IMF. This outright theft left the poorest, most debt-ridden countries in the world even more impoverished. African nations were hardest hit. BCCI sponged over $2 billion from the African continent. Even in England, where $400 million was lost by depositors when BCCI closed shop, most of the money belonged to African immigrants of marginal means who believed BCCI’s claim of being “a bank for the world’s poor”. BCCI specialized in facilitating capital flight from poor countries by helping rich Third World nationals start offshore accounts with the bank. BCCI would hire siblings of wealthy clients to man its local branches. ... The global elite had once again shaken down the world’s poor.
Skolnick Illinois Governor Jim Thompson, chairman of the Winston and Strawn law factory and he has been a director of the Chicago Sun-Times newspaper, owned by the British. Bill and Hillary Clinton are secretly stockholders of Lippo. ** Still operating is the infamous Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI), haven for espionage and narcotics loot and political assassination funding. With its hundreds of branches worldwide including in America, BCCI supposedly went under in 1991. Its successor and alter ego, however, lives as Pinnacle Banc Group, whose flagship is in the Mafia enclave of Cicero, a Chicago suburb. Called First National Bank of Cicero, long-dominated by Bishop Paul Marcinkus, once head of the Vatican Bank. (Italian law-enforcement authorities have claimed Vatican Bank has been a money laundry for the American CIA as well as the traditional Sicilian and Italian Mafia.) Pinnacle Bank,BlackPlanet, MoneyTeachers Wikipedia Ghaith Pharaon, LovetheTruth Pharaon, Rothschild Skolnick Enron Black Magic Skolnick Pope's banks and... ... Skolnick, and Bollyn Continental Bank, (Continental Illinois National Bank) Chicago .... search terms: Vatican, Queen interests, Judge Walter J. Cummings, Jr., 7th Federal Circuit (see links to Vatican), Bank of America, Bank of Italy, Amadeo Peter Giannini (Rothschild), dominated by Yakuza (Japanese mafia), merge with Continental Bank, same building as Chicago Mercantile Exchange, (O.J. Simpson?). See also First National Bank of Cicero. The Wallace Lieberman shakedown and murder 1991. Connections to Judy Baar Topinka, State Treasurer, and Roger D'Onofrio Iraq, nuclear bomb detonators and the CIA, and Opus Dei, John Tarullo, London Gold Pool, Archbishop of Milan, Ramada Hotels, and Robert Cesca, Joseph Andreuccetti, Household International, P-2, and see the IntelHub the-international-oil-drugs-guns-kissinger-associates
AmFirstBooks Also, according to Don Frederick’s well-researched timeline, while in Pakistan, Obama’s host, Muhammadian Soomro, was linked to the notorious Bank of Credit and Commerce (BCCI), which was involved in “money laundering, bribery, terrorist support, tax evasion, smuggling and illegal immigration.” They also worked very closely with the CIA. ThdComisarScoop Auchi After Roger Watson in 1987 became Saddam’s financial consultant, he also became an adviser to Nadhmi Auchi’s (Wikipedia) International Company of Banking and Financial Participations (CIPAF), PolitcalVelcraft Auchi According to the website of Cipaf, an investment vehicle of Nadhmi Auchi’s General Mediterranean Holdings (GMH), Cipaf is “amongst the topmost investors in the enlarged BNP Paribas. Board of Directors Jean-Hervé Lorenzi Professor at Paris-Dauphine University, Advisor to the Supervisory Board of Compagnie Financière Edmond de Rothschild. FreeRepublic BNP Paribas Oil for Food Scandal, AmericanThinker Obama's Oil for Food Connection ... Out on bail awaiting trial, dual US-Syrian citizen, Antoin ‘Tony' Rezko, was rousted out of bed by police pounding on the doors of his Chicago mansion the morning of Monday, January 28. According to the Associated Press: "U.S. District Judge Amy J. St. Eve jailed Rezko...saying he had disobeyed her order to keep her posted on his financial status. Among other things, he failed to tell her about a $3.5 million loan from London-based Iraqi billionaire Nadhmi Auchi -- a loan that was later forgiven in exchange for shares in a prime slice of Chicago real estate. Rezko gave $700,000 of the money to his wife and used the rest to pay legal bills and funnel cash to various supporters." Funds from Auchi's loan may have helped finance a complex series of transactions between Rezko and Democratic Presidential candidate Illinois Senator Barack Obama involving the 2005 purchase of Obama's Chicago mansion and Rezko's purchase of an adjoining landlocked parcel.
SoldierForLiberty Maurice Strong Rothschild Connection
Rense BCCI, Emanuel, Marc Rich, Wasserstein (Wikipedia)
AmpedStatus BCCI
1976 LaRouchePub
BCCI became a "crown jewel" in the British offshore hot money system because of its ties to the City of London (Rothschild). In 1976, BCCI established a Swiss base of operations by purchasing 85% of Banque de Commerce et Placements (BCP) of Geneva. The remaining 15% was retained by the original owner, Thesarus Continental Securities Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS). Under BCCI control, BCP was managed by Alfred Hartmann, a former senior official of UBS. Hartmann eventually became chief financial officer for BCC Holding, and was the person most accountable for the "lost" $23 billion. While serving as BCCI's "man in Switzerland," Hartmann was always operating on behalf of the Rothschild family. Hartmann was president of Rothschild Bank AG of Zurich, was vice-chairman of NY-Intermaritime Bank of Geneva (EuropeBanks) (run by Mossad operative Bruce Rappaport), and was a member of the board of directors of the elite N.M. Rothschild and Sons in London. BCCI Congressional Report
1993 HiddenMysteries Soros had amassed along with a group of "silent partners", a fortune in excess of 10 Billion dollars to use as a lever to unhinge the European currencies. Among the partners apparently were the little known metal and oil dealer Marc Rich and the Israeli arms dealer Shaul Eisenberg.(ThinkAboutIt) (Globes, Rothschild) For decades Eisenberg has been working for the Israeli secret service and has important arms deals in all of Asia and in the Near East. A third partner of Soros is Rafi Eytan who before was the Mossad connection to the British secret service in London.
1995 American Bhuda search terms: Carlson, Teheran, Luxembourg, Abedi, North West Investment Company, Iran shipments, Dr. Marco Jagmetti of Rothschild Continuation Holdings, a holding company run by BCCI director Alfred Hartmann, Richar Helms, Safeer, Rahim Irvani, Ghaith Pharoan, National Bank of Georgia, Agha Hasan Abedi, First American, Iran Arab Bank, Clifford, Glass, McIlwain & Finney, Financial General Bankshares, Clark Clifford Robert Altman, James Baker, Frank Wisner, Raymond Close (CIA station chief Saudi Arabia), National Bank of Georgia, Nicaraguan Contras,
1995 LaRouchePub Two rather critical facts, however, were invariably left out of the story—even during the lengthy soap opera trial of former BCCI attorney Robert Altman. The first fact was the extraordinarily close alliance between BCCI and some of Britain's most powerful financial houses Rothschild and aristocratic families. The second fact was that BCCI was created, and then built up as a "world class" bank, primarily to manage the covert funds that poured into the secret war in Afghanistan. Hardly any mention was made of the fact that BCCI was in the middle of the Afghan effort—serving as the de facto central bank for a multibillion-dollar Golden Crescent illegal arms-for-drugs trade that mushroomed during 1979-90. When the last of the Red Army troops pulled out of Kabul in February 1989, the massive British-devised and American-led covert action program in support of the Afghan mujahideen began to wind down. BCCI lost its raison d'être, and went the way of the 1960s-era Investors Overseas Service (IOS), and the Vietnam War-era Nugen Hand Bank of Australia:The money was siphoned out, a diversionary scandal was manufactured, and its doors were shut
1972 Cricistan The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) was a major international bank founded in 1972 by Agha Hasan Abedi ... BCCI had been "set up deliberately to avoid centralized regulatory review, and operated extensively in bank secrecy jurisdictions. ... The liquidators, Deloitte & Touche, filed a lawsuit against Price Waterhouse and Ernst & Young ... Abu Dhabi to drop its claims against the Bank of England ... its activities were still not completely understood (was it taken out by Rothschilds because it was a competitor to (IMF / World Bank)
Independent.uk THREE former directors of Bank of Credit and Commerce International are suing the Sheikh of Abu Dhabi and other members of the Gulf state's royal family for dollars $100m, alleging that the family were the prime movers behind the bank's dollars $20bn frauds.: Sheikh ... The suit names as defendants the sheikh's son, Sheikh Khalifa; one of the royal family's chief financial advisers, Ghanim Faris Al-Mazrui, and Swaleh Naqvi, a former head of BCCI.Khalifa; one of the royal family's chief financial advisers, Ghanim Faris Al-Mazrui, One of the three behind the legal action, Alfred Hartmann, a senior Swiss banker, sat on various BCCI boards from 1982 to 1991. The others are Yves Lamarche, an American living in France, who served from 1976 to 1991, and Johan Van Oenen, a Dutchman living in Surrey, from 1978 until 1992....
Halliburton connected to Oil-for-Food. WMR
Permalink Perle Conrad Black, Wikipedia David Radler, Black partner. Score-board The Carlyle ambush of Conrad Black, Frank McKenna In December 2001, Carlyle began extorting CanWest/Hollinger editors and blocking media investigations into the role of McKenna and Carlyle affiliates, AMEC, Bombardier and Canada Steamship Lines, during the Global Guardian 'al-Qaeda' war game on 9/11.
Are there Capcom links to Obama in Chicago? Salon Capcom, FAS BCCI Congressional Report Capcom excerpt, History Commons Kamal Adham,Independent.uk Swaleh Naqvi
Whitewash
Nadhmi Auchi was born in Iraq. Graduated in Economics and Political Science from the Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad in 1967. Worked with the Iraqi Ministry of Oil, becoming Director of Planning and Development. In 1979 he founded General Mediterranean Holding SA of Luxembourg. Auchi's business empire, which has assets worth more than £1bn, is held offshore in structures whose ownership is difficult to penetrate. His holding firm, General Mediterranean Holdings SA, is registered in Luxembourg, and the Luxembourg and EU politician Jacques Santer sits on its board (in 1999, the Santer (EU) Commission resigned from their posts after charges of corruption. Santer is a Bilderberger and a supporter of Opus Dei). Lord Lamont, (see Lamont) the Rothschild associate who headed Le Cercle, used to be another employee of General Mediterranean Holdings. Has links to British intelligence, through the former senior MI6 officer Anthony Cavendish (Le Cercle), who acts as a consultant to Auchi's business empire. Served on an advisory committee to the Institute for Social and Economic Policy in the Middle East at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government 1996-2000. President of the Anglo-Arab Organisation (AAO) since its founding in 2002.
AbelDanger Also, recent discovery has shown that Banque de Pays de L'Europe of Paris, () (Paribas, Highbeam) was recently bought by Merrill Lynch. Paribas bought 50% of Dillon Read Ltd. in a consortium with Bruxelles Lambert (the Belgian Rothschilds), the Power Group and the Laurentian group of Canada, the Tata Group of India, Elders IXL holding company of Australia, Swiss Bank Cantrade, and two British groups, Investors in Industry, a Bank of England group with nine English and Scottish banks, and the British postal pension fund. .... Power Corporation of Canada directors included G. Eskenazi, of Belgian Rothschild firms, and William Simon, former Secretary of the Treasury of the U.S. The "Canadian connection", the Belzbergs and Bronfmans, demonstrates the growing power of the Rothschilds in billion dollar mergers and takeovers of U.S. industry, including DuPont. These mergers recall the same kind of activity taking place in 1929, just before the stock market debacle, and very well could represent the battening down of the hatches before the storm.
Rosenbaum and his BCI directors laundered illegal drug and gambling money from mafia boss Meyer Lansky by investing it in real estate. Through the BCI Mossad and Permindex operations were financed and reportedly Rosenbaum was a significant stakeholder in Permindex. In the early 1960s, the BCI bought a significant stake in Henry Luce's Time Life. Permindex has been the main suspect of having coordinated the 1963 JFK murder. Edmond de Rothschild introduced Rosenbaum to Bernhard in the mid-1960s. In 1970 Bernhard invited Rosenbaum into the 1001 Club, but after Rosenbaum got in trouble for having embezzled money of the BCI, Bernhard had to expel him again. This happened in 1973-1974. In 1974, Prince Bernhard sold his Castle Warmelo to the Evlyma Trust in Liechtenstein, a subsidiary of Tibor Rosenbaum's BCI. The Trust was managed by 1001 Club member Herbert Batliner, a person later linked to laundering funds for Marcos, Mobutu, Escobar, and Helmut Kohl.
A recent comprehensive CNN Report on American television concerned corrupt practices in American banking and alleged that virtually every major bank in the world had channelled money through the BNL Bank, Atlanta USA, to Saddam Hussein's weapons development program.
BCCI Stuff Allan Gotlieb, Carlucci, Rosenbaum, Permindex, Hollinger, Black, Rothschild, Trireme Partner LLP, Brian Crozier, Richard Perle, Le Cercle, 1001 Club, Club of Thirty, Reinhard Gehlen (Nazi), Clearstream Banking S.A. (CB) is the clearing division of Deutsche Börse, based in Luxembourg. It was created in January 2000 through the merger of Cedel International and Deutsche Börse Clearing, part of the Deutsche Börse Group, which owns the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Cedel, ... Menaep, Ambrosiano, P2, Richard Brenneke, Ernest Backes, Bahrain International Bank. ThereAreNoSunGlasses extensive. SurrenderingIslam Rothschild
Oil for Food Auchi .... Links between Valerie Jarrett and Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy LLP, Glenn S. Gerstell is the Managing Partner and Snopes Obama's money, trips to Africa, Pakistan, Indonesia, .... a job at Davis Miner Barnhill & Galland, $1.65 million mansion (2005), Larry Sinclair. How does Tony Rezko and Auchi, Alsammarae, Bill Ayers Bernardine Dohrn, fit into all this? BNP Paribas Wikipedia Oil for Food Scandal, Maurice Strong, 661 Sanction file confirms Banque Nationale de Paris, Maurice Strong, HiddenMysteries, Maurice Strong Wikipedia, Bronfman, AbelDanger, Strong, Auchi, Desmarais, Power Corporation, Canada, ... UnityPublishing Maurice Strong BNP board pdf 1999 andHawaiiFreePress Debunking-CarterRucks-defense-of Iraqi-billionaire-tied-to-Rezko-and-Obama, Scientology-London Rothschild - (Carter-Ruck effective suppression of Auchi articles on the internet), Jacksonian OFF IntelHub Kashoggi, Saudi Arabia, Rothschild, Kissinger. and see Valerie Jarrett ties toThomas Ayers
2000 RealZionistNews Silverstein obtained this lease from his Jewish synagogue buddy, Lewis M Eisenberg, Wikipedia, Muckety (who was then the Chairman of the Port Authority of New York), even though Vornado Realty outbid Silverstein by $50m. Eisenberg aborted Vornado’s bid in favour of his Zionist buddy Silverstein. Eisenberg, who was a huge contributor to the Bush-Cheney campaign, is a member of the Republican Jewish Coalition and former partner of the Jewish bank, Goldman Sachs. Silverstein and Eisenberg both held senior leadership positions with the United Jewish Appeal, a billion dollar Zionist organization. At present, Silverstein is on the UJA’s Board Of Directors. The UJA raises millions of dollars for its client, the Zionist State of Israel. Silverstein is also co-founder of the Israel Export Development Company. see also Republican Leadership Council,
2000: IAmTheWitness George W. Bush is elected (so they tell me) President of the United States. Bush and his family claim to be descendants of the House of Plantagenet which is descended from the Royal House of Judah. Wikipedia House of Plantagenet
2000 Rys2sense Israel False Flag Timeline Rumsfeld sells North Korea two light water nuclear reactors.
2000 Rys2sense Israel False Flag Timeline Israel spy ring (the art students, penetrate the US) They peddle Ecstasy (as finance) and they spy on military bases and federal buildings.
2000 MoneyTeachers Joseph Cannon (Mormon, Deseret News) and His brother Chris Cannon, were close associates with Jack Abramoff and even assisted him in forwarding the gambling interests agenda. Joe worked with Abramoff on the same lobbying clients and convicted felon and Abramoff partner, David Safavian, worked as Congressman Cannon's "Chief of Staff". Chris Cannon was forced to return campaign donations from Abramoff and Safavian, as well as a few of the Indian Tribes they represented, but, he served his masters well by inserting the "poison pill" that destroyed any hopes of regulating online casino gambling.
2000 Nov Rys2sense Israel False Flag Timeline Bush steals the election Jan 2001 Bush is sworn in as President
2000 Terror-Illuminati September 2000, the Project for the New American Century (PNAC), a neo-conservative think-tank, with strong ties to the right-wing American Enterprise Institute, and funded by three foundations closely tied to Persian Gulf oil and weapons and defense industries, drafted a plan for U.S. global domination. AEI is also connected to the Heritage Foundation, through the same funders.. and see ZionCrimeFactory, NoGW Sumner Rothstein (Redstone).
2000 TruthandLife One important repository for the wealth of the global oligarchy that owns these bank holding companies is US Trust Corporation – founded in 1853 and now owned by Bank of America. A recent US Trust Corporate Director and Honorary Trustee was Walter Rothschild. Other directors included Daniel Davison of JP Morgan Chase, Richard Tucker of Exxon Mobil, Daniel Roberts of Citigroup and Marshall Schwartz of Morgan Stanley. 2] and Wikpedia US Trust Corp United States Trust Corporation is an American bank holding company based in New York, NY. It is the oldest trust company in the U.S., and provides personal wealth management to some of the wealthiest individuals and families. In 2000, the Charles Schwab Corporation purchased U.S. Trust for $2.73 billion. 1] In 2001, less than a year after the acquisition of U.S. Trust, the U.S. Trust subsidiary was fined $10 million in a bank secrecy law case. It was ordered to pay $5 million to the New York State Banking Department and $5 million to the Federal Reserve Board. 2] On November 20, 2006, Schwab announced an agreement to sell U.S. Trust to Bank of America for $3.3 billion cash. 3] The deal closed in the second quarter of 2007.
2001 9/11 For those who would like to support Ellen Mariani’s ongoing efforts (last unsettled 9/11 victim case), please send letters of support and donations to Ellen Mariani, P.O. Box 2792, Parker, CO 80134. Search Hellerstein.
2001 Enron CabalTimes Qatar holds 13.39% of the world’s natural gas reserves, making it #3 on the chart. Qatar and its gas reserves have been historically dominated by the Rothschild Shell Oil Corporation. Qatar figures prominently as a forwarding base for American operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Recently, Qatar has also became a major player in the so-called Arab Spring. ... The fall of Communism meant that Western corporations could freely operate in the region (Turkmenistan) for the first time. It comes as no surprise that Turkmenistan’s natural gas was quickly earmarked for export by groups such as the Rothschilds and the Rockefellers .... Gazprom in turn has intricate relationships with Rothschild heavyweights such as Shell Oil and BP.
2001 Biblioteca Pleyades Lord Guthrie of Craigiebank in June 2001. Joined N.M. Rothschild & Sons at the latest in 2002. Annual visitor of the Trilateral Commission since 2002. Member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. Member of the steering committee of the Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS). Member of the European Council of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. In December 2002, Blair sent Lord Guthrie and Jack Straw to Turkey as an unofficial military envoy to shore up support for an invasion of Iraq and to discuss plans to remove Saddam Hussein from power. Became a non-executive special advisor of Aon Special Risks in 2004, a leading Counter-Terrorism, Political Risks and Kidnap and Ransom insurance broker and risk consultant. Freeman of the City of London, a member of the Knights of Malta, and a Commander of the Legion of Merit USA. Member of the House of Lords.
9/11 Video latest evidence, 9/11 Whistleblower interview Alex Jones Col. Donn de Grand-Pre ... They were out of Hector Field, Fargo, North Dakota. A bunch, this 119 Fighter Group and they are called the Happy Hooligans. They are probably the best interceptors that we have in the country. They were moved to Langley Air Force Base from Hector Field down to Southern Virginia. and Brigadier-General Rick Baccus... wouldn't torture innocent detainees at Guantanamo, was reassigned.
WTC steel went to Rothschild Zionist connected scrap yards. (evidence removal)
InformationUnderground Alan D. Ratner’s Metals Management and the SIMS group is responsible for quickly scooping up the WTC steel rubble and shipping it off to Asian smelters. Alan Ratner is Jewish. Ratner merged with the SIMS group and the Hugo Neu corporation, and they made a handsome profit.
On the 9/11, the SEC lifted “Rule 15c3-3: Customer Protection – Reserves and Custody of Securities.” Thus GSCC Government Securities Clearing Corporation] was allowed to substitute other securities for the physical securities destroyed during the attack illegal bonds, which appear to have been replaced with Treasury notes backed by U.S. taxpayers in the aftermath of September 11.
Pilots for 911 Truth Raymond W. Smith was sitting on the board of directors at US Airways on 911. Ray Smith has served on the boards of Bell Atlantic, The Carnegie Corporation, Westinghouse, CBS, Corestates Financial, First Union, and others. He is also Chairman of Rothschild, North America, Inc. and Chairman of Verizon Ventures. Mr. Smith also served on the board of Five Arrows (Rothschild).
9-11 Judge Hellerstein is Connected to Rothschild-Funded ICTS .. (9/11 Airport Security) & Mariani case and 2
Pilots for 911 Truth Cheryl Gruetzmacher Gordon/Krongard is currently on the BOD at US Airways. She is the chief executive officer of Rothschild Asset Management Inc. She was a senior managing director at Rothschild also. She recently remarried ex-CIA AB 'Buzzy' Krongard. see Edward S. Gordon
Systems Planning Corp, Dov Zakheim, WTC remote controlled aircraft, Rothschild connection
Pilots for 911 Truth US Airways also had a 28 year CIA veteran sitting on it's board as well. James M. Simon Jr. is now on the board at ORBIMAGE. After September 11th, he was designated as the senior intelligence official for homeland security establishing and chairing the Homeland Security Intelligence Council.
AMEC, a Rothschild connected company did WTC / Pentagon rubble cleanup (evidence removal)
London School of Jewish Studies (LSJS) and London School of Economics are links to Rothschild / Dov Zakheim (9/11 mastermind) relationship.
Pilots for 911 Truth During the restructuring of US Airways, the company hired Rudy Giuliani''s firm as an advisor to the restructuring. Delta Airlines was paying $400,000 a month to restructuring specialists Giuliani Capital Advisors, founded by former New York mayor Rudy Giuliani.
Peter Peterson -- CEO of the Blackstone Group (controlled by Rothschild), parent corporation of one of three lease-holders for WTC 7
911Docs Actor Charlie Sheen has joined a growing army of other highly credible public figures in questioning the official story of 9/11 and calling for a new independent investigation of the attack and the circumstances surrounding it ... 9/11Truth Sheen questioned the plausibility of a fireballs traveling 110 feet down an elevator shaft and causing damage to the lobbies of the towers as seen in video footage, especially when contrasted with eyewitness accounts of bombs and explosions in the basement levels of the buildings.
Rothschild Connected to Mossad / ICTS .. (9/11 Airport Security)
Hearst estate is being advised by NM Rothschild, the investment bank. Popular Mechanics Magazine is a Hearst publication and at the forefront of 9/11 disinformation.
Within 30 minutes of WTC2 being hit NewsCorp (Rupert Murdoch, Rothschild Zionist) was giving out Bin laden's name as a suspect and the complete run-down on Al Qaeda and the Taliban along with the reasons for the collapse itself !
2001 9/11 SEC From a regulatory perspective, last week the Commission reached out to major market participants, both directly and through industry groups such as the Securities Industry Association and the Bond Market Association, to determine whether it could provide appropriate temporary regulatory relief to facilitate the reopening of fair and orderly markets. The New York Stock Exchange, the NASD, Treasury and other regulators undertook similar outreach efforts. As a result, the Commission for the first time invoked its emergency powers under Securities Exchange Act Section 12(k) and issued several orders and an interpretive release to ease certain regulatory restrictions temporarily. see WTC gold / securities heist, Black Eagle Trust above
2001 9/11 WMR / NFU April 26-28, 2010 -- The super-classified network that served as command and control for the 9/11 false flag attack on America ... Multiple U.S. intelligence sources have reported to WMR that a super-classified network with only some 70 terminals in select U.S. government locations handled the parallel command-and-control activities that permitted the 9/11 terrorist attacks to be successful. ... The "above top secret" network bears the acronym "PDAS." WMR has not yet discovered what the acronym stands for, however, the system is limited to only a few hundred people with Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) Special Access Program (SAP) need-to-know access, in addition to the President and Vice President. ... On September 11, 2001, PDAS was used to convey the information from the Air Force Chief of Staff to the White House, CIA, and other select agencies that the Air Force had successfully intercepted and downed a target over Pennsylvania. It is believed that the "target" in question was United flight 93, although there is no confirmation that the aircraft was in fact the one downed by Air Force interceptors. ... The Air Force Chief of Staff on 9/11 was General John Jumper, who had become the top Air Force commander on September 6, 2001, just five days before the 9/11 attacks. ... There is also reason to believe that the PDAS terminal at the Presidential Emergency Operations Center (PEOC) at the White House was used to coordinate the activities related to the aerial attack on the Pentagon. Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta claimed Vice President Dick Cheney was present at the PEOC at 9:25 am on the morning of 9/11, before the alleged impact of American Airlines flight 77 on the building. ...Mineta ... (PDAS) is used to support the operational capabilities to the Joint Staff at the Pentagon and and Combatant Commanders (COCOMs), Special Technical Operations (STO), COCOMs, Integrated Joint Special Technical Operations IJSTO, US Central Command, CIA, National Security Agency, and Defense Intelligence Agency, search terms: General Wesley Clark, Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRnet) and the Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System (JWICS), as well as the Non-classified Internet Protocol Router Network (NIPRnet), 704th Military Intelligence Brigade at Fort Meade, Maryland, NSA's Joint Special Studies Group (JSSG), IVY BELLS.
2001 9/11Rys2sense Israel False Flag Timeline September False flag attack on America blamed on Afghanistan and Iraq
2001 9/11 Israel and WTC, Flight 77 Pentagon video
2001 9/11 Peter Peterson -- CEO of the Blackstone Group (controlled by Rothschild), parent corporation of one of three lease-holders for WTC 7 on 9-11; also chairman of the CFR and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on 9-11; CEO of the Institute for International Economics in October 2000 Thomas Pickard -- took over the job of FBI director from Louis Freeh in August 2001; held this position only for a few weeks before Robert Mueller became director; former Terror Task Force chief John O'Neill complained about sabotage by Pickard
click to see video, Dov Zakheim, 9/11 Mastermind, Systems
Planning Corporation, Rothschild Zionist, remote controlled aircraft. Wakeupfromyourslumber: Ehud Olmert, then mayor of Jerusalem, is a partner in crime with the Zionist lease-holders of the World Trade Center, the Israeli Frank Lowy and his New York-based partner Larry Silverstein. Olmert, as deputy prime minister to Ariel Sharon, even made an unannounced and secret visit to New York City on September 10-11, 2001
2001 9/11 WhoDidIt Before 9-11 John Deutch, former Undersecretary of War, director of CIA; co-authored paper, "Catastrophic Terrorism: A National Policy" with Zelikow, Ashton Carter; senior partner at Global Technology Partners, an affiliate of Rothschild North America; MIT professor; grandson of Yonah Fischer, Antwerp diamond merchant who ran Zionist Federation of Belgium
2001 9/11 Wikispooks Dov Zakheim Systems Planning Corporation, remote controlled aircraft, 9/11, WTC.
2001 9/11 Wikispooks Lewis Eisenberg - Eisenberg was the head of the Port Authority of New York and authorized the lease transfer to Silverstein and Lowy. Eisenberg was a large contributor to the Bush-Cheney presidential campaign, as well as a partner in the Jewish bank Goldman-Sachs. Eisenberg has been both a member of the Planning Board of the United Jewish Appeal/United Jewish Federation pro-Israeli government pressure group in the U.S. The second crucial aspect of control was that of security for the WTC complex. This was was required to provide unquestioned access to strategic areas of the buildings for the purposes of rigging explosives in the period prior to the attacks. The contract to run security at the WTC was awarded to Kroll Associates after the 1993 WTC bombing. Kroll is otherwise known as "Wallstreet's CIA". The contract was awarded by The Port Authority of New York and $2.5 million was paid to them to revamp security at the complex. The owners of Kroll were two Zionist Jews named Jules & Jeremy Kroll. The managing director of Kroll at the time wasJerome M. Hauer. Jerome Hauer Hauer was also the person chosen to run Mayor Rudy Guiliani's office of emergency management (OEM) from 1996 to 2000. He is the key individual that pushed for this office to be placed in Silverstein's WTC Building 7 (ie the third tall building to collapse on 9/11). Jerome Hauer is also Jewish and a staunch Zionist. Hauer's mother, Rose Muscatine Hauer, is the retired Dean of the Beth Israel School of Nursing and the Honorary President of the New York Chapter of Hadassah, the Daughters of Zion movement that is one of the central Zionist organizations involved in the creation and support of the State of Israel. Mitre Corp, Entwistle also
2001 9/11 WTC Gold Rediff, German company Convar, data recovered from hard drives shows unusual financial activity (put options?), not investigated by FBI, Pirmasens, Henschel ... Kroll purchased Ontrack Data Recovery, a US-based rival of Convar with offices in Germany. See Sibel Edmonds Baltimore Chronical and YouTube WTC Gold heist. 100's of billions. Value of a gold bar on September 10, 2001: $214k, 2011: $1,498k, Source: Kitco.com
2001 9/11 WayneMadsenReport "has recently learned from knowledgeable U.S. Intelligence Community sources that Neil Entwistle's contract for P-Techinvolved "wiring backdoors" into the computer systems of the FAA, more below, NORAD, Pentagon, and White House to bring about the operational collapse of the computer systems during the morning of 9/11. Entwistle's firm, Embedded New Technologies (ENT), reportedly had connections to the Braintree, Massachusetts-based firm P-Tech, which was investigated subsequent to 911 by the FBI for ties to Muslim Brotherhood financiers linked to Al Qaeda. P-Tech also had software contracts for the FAA, NORAD, Pentagon, and White House during the 9-11 terrorist attacks. ... A senior consultant to JPMorganChase and Risk, Indira Singh was tasked in April 2002 with developing a next-generation, operational, risk blueprint that "would proactively identify exposures, including money laundering, rogue trading, and illicit financing patterns."8 Indira reached out to the top people in her profession for recommendations on software companies that could assist her on the project. 2002 Indira Singh was fired from JPMorganChase because she refused to stop investigating P-Tech and warning other businesses and clients of P-Tech's terrorist linked financing. On December 5, 2002 U.S. Customs, FBI, IRS, Secret Service, INS and the Massachusetts State Police raided the Ouincy, Massachusetts offices of P-Tech.12 The raid, however, was a fraud. The only reason P-Tech was raided was due to the incessant and embarrassing questions Indira was asking about the company and its terrorist linked financing. After the raid P-Tech changed its name to Go Agile, and the FBI investigation fizzled out. ... has recently learned from knowledgeable U.S. Intelligence Community sources that Entwistle's contract for P-Tech involved "wiring backdoors" into the computer systems of the FAA, NORAD, Pentagon, and White House to bring about the operational collapse of the computer systems during the morning of 9/11 full article and OpedNews Entwistle
Ptech was with MITRE Corporation in the basement of the FAA for two years prior to 9/11, Singh said. "Their specific job is to look at interoperability issues the FAA had with NORAD and the Air Force in the case of an emergency. If anyone was in a position to know that the FAA -- that there was a window of opportunity or to insert software or to change anything -- it would have been Ptech along with MITRE." Singh has spoken extensively about Ptech's alleged connections with Saudi Arabia , for example with Pacifica Radio in 2005: OpEdNews Neil Entwistle Connect the Dots AMEC BP Acerty HAARP
Oussama Ziade, (IntelFiles) a Lebanese Muslim immigrant who came to the U.S. in 1985, founded Ptech in 1994. But the company's original manager of marketing and information systems was Michael S. Goff, whose PR firm, Goff Communications, currently represents Guardium, a Mossad-linked software company. And Goff comes from a well-to-do line of Jewish Masons who have belonged to Worcester's Commonwealth Lodge 600 of B'nai Brith for decades. Oussama Ziade indictment doc from indictment doc: ZIADE co-founded Ptech in 1994 with the capital financing provided by Kadi through one of his nominee companies, Sarmany Limited. Initially, in 1994, Kadi invested approximately $5 million in ptech through Sarmany, an Isle of Man company he owned and controlled. In exchange, and pursuant to an authorization granted by Kadi and Sarmany's other director, PtechPtech's main focus was research and development. Ptech spent approximately $20 million developing its products. These funds came primarily from Saudi Arabian investors, including Kadi. ... Kadi attended Ptech's Board of Director meeting held in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (where Kadi's residence and some of his businesses are located) on March 22, 1998 ,... 2002, Sarmany12, with the assistance of Kadi's chief financial accountant, at the advice of ZIADE, transferred Sarmany Limited's entire property interest in Ptech (55,800 shares of ptech common stock) to three entities: Bective Limited; Arkday Limited; and Grayson Group Limited., .. Bective Limited, willfully conceal the interest in ptech held by Sarmany, one of Kadi's nominee companies, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1014; ABC6 Buford-George-Peterson, Peter Parker OpEdNews
2001 9/11 Rys2sense Israel False Flag Timeline September police arrest Israeli Mossad agents filming and cheering the 911 attack. The Israelis worked for a fake moving company with a false address. Their van has a hit with bomb sniffing dogs and one man is carrying $4,700 stuffed in a sock. The owner of the front flees to Israel. The FBI releases the Israelis and the evidence linking them to the attacks is Classified.
2001 9/11 TakeOurWorldBack Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu's father Benzion was secretary to Ze'ev "Vladimir" Jabotinsky, Wall Street Journal who founded the Zionist terrorist movement that played an important part in the creation of Israel (e.g. King David hotel bombing, conspiracy to assassinate British foreign secretary Ernest Bevin), or that Bibi was a unit team leader in Sayeret Matkal, an elite special forces unit of the Israeli Defense Force, and just happened to be in New York City in the morning of 9/11 and in London on the morning of the 7/7 attacks (having received advance warning), and is a close friend of Larry Silverstein who, along with Zionist billionaire and "Holocaust survivor" Frank Lowy, just happened to have taken over the World Trade Center lease and ensured the Towers were insured for billions of dollars against terrorist attacks within six weeks of 9/11. More d.hatena.jp the Likud party is the successor to Herut, which was the successor to Jabotinsky’s revisionist faction—Netanyahu’s personal history traces directly back to Jabotinsky. Benzion Netanyahu, the prime minister’s father, was Jabotinsky’s disciple and private secretary
2001 9/11 Investigate9/11 "They" are the owners of the International Banking and Finance Cartel, as well as the Federal Reserve Banking Monopoly. "They" control the highest levels of our government. "They" sanctioned 9/11, as a catalyst for their larger criminal agenda, which they call the "New World Order". These owners include families of the "Black Nobility", such as the House of Hanover, Germany; the House of Hapsburg, Austria; the House of Orange, Netherlands; the House of Lichtenstein in Lichtenstein, and most importantly the house of Guelph (Welf: dynasty of German dukes of Bavaria) in Britain.
2001:9/11 IAmTheWitness On September 11th the attack on the World Trade Center is orchestrated by Israel with the complicity of Britain and America, under the orders of the Rothschilds as a pretext for removing the liberty of people worldwide in exchange for security, just as happened with the Reichstag fire in Germany where the citizens were lied to in order to give up liberty for security. ... They also will use the attacks to gain control of the few nations in the world who don’t allow Rothschild central banks and so less than one month after these attacks, US forces attack Afghanistan, one of only 7 nations in the world who don’t have a Rothschild controlled central bank. Less than a week before the 9-11 attack on 5 September, the so-called lead hijacker Mohamed Atta and several other hijackers made a still-unexplained visit onboard one of Pro Israeli lobbyist, Ashkenazi Jew, Jack Abramoff’s casino boats. ... No investigation is undertook as to what they were doing there. It is discovered that US drug agents’ communications have been penetrated. Suspicion falls on two companies, AMDOCS and Comverse Infosys, both owned by Israelis. AMDOCS generates billing data for most US phone companies and is able to provide detailed logs of who is talking to whom. ... Comverse Infosys builds the tapping equipment used by law enforcement to eavesdrop on all American telephone calls, but suspicion forms that Comverse Infosys, which gets half of its research and development budget from the Israeli government, has built a back door into the system that is being exploited by Israeli intelligence and that the information gleaned on US drug interdiction efforts is finding its way to drug smugglers. The investigation by the FBI leads to the exposure of the largest foreign spy ring ever uncovered inside the United States, operated by Israel. Half of the suspected spies have been arrested when 9-11 happens. On 9-11, 5 Israelis are arrested for dancing and cheering while the World Trade Towers collapse. Supposedly employed by Urban Moving Systems, the Israelis are caught with multiple passports and a lot of cash. Two of them are later revealed to be Mossad. As witness reports track the activity of the Israelis, it emerges that they were seen at Liberty Park at the time of the first impact, suggesting a foreknowledge of what was to come. The Israelis are interrogated, and then eventually sent back to Israel. The owner of the moving company used as a cover by the Mossad agents abandons his business and flees to Israel. The United States Government then classifies all of the evidence related to the Israeli agents and their connections to 9-11. All of this is reported to the public via a four part story on Fox News by Carl Cameron. Pressure from Jewish groups, primarily AIPAC, forces Fox News to remove the story from their website. Two hours prior to the 9-11 attacks, Odigo, an Israeli company with offices just a few blocks from the World Trade Towers, receives an advance warning via the internet. The manager of the New York Office provides the FBI with the IP address of the sender of the message, but the FBI does not follow this up. The FBI is investigating 5 Israeli moving companies as possible fronts for Israeli intelligence. ... It is revealed that prior to the attack millions of dollars of put options on both American Airlines and United Airlines, were traded. The FBI have promised to followed the purchasers up, but have never revealed their findings. That is because this would lead directly to Israel, the state behind the 911 attacks. Following the World Trade Center attack, anonymous letters containing anthrax are sent to various politicians and media executives. Like the 9-11 attack this is immediately blamed on Al-Qaeda , until it is discovered that the anthrax contained within those letters is a specific type of weaponized anthrax made by a United States military laboratory. ... The FBI then discover that the main suspect for these anthrax letters is a Ashkenazi Jew, Dr. Philip Zack, who had been reprimanded several times by his employers due to offensive remarks he made about Arabs. Dr. Philip Zack, was caught on camera entering the storage area where he worked at Fort Detrick which is where the Anthrax was kept. At this point, both the FBI and the mainstream media stopped making any public comments on the case. ... Jewish Defence League Chairman since 1985, Ashkenazi Jew, Irv Rubin is jailed for allegedly plotting to bomb a mosque and the offices of a Arab-American congressman. He dies shortly after slitting his throat in a suicide attempt, before he can be brought to trial. ... One week prior to the WTC attack, the Zim Shipping Company moves out of its offices in the WTC, breaking its lease and costing the company $50,000. No reason has ever been given, but Zim Shipping Company is half owned by the State of Israel (The Rothschilds). On October 3, Israeli Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon, makes the following statement to Ashkenazi Jew, Shimon Peres, as reported on Kol Yisrael radio. "Every time we do something you tell me America will do this and will do that....I want to tell you something very clear, don't worry about American pressure on Israel. We, the Jewish people, control America, and the Americans know it."
2001 Telegraph AMEC, the British engineering and construction group, has been asked to rebuild the parts of the Pentagon destroyed in the terrorist attack, in which 190 people died last week. ... Rudolf Giuliani, the mayor of New York, also called Amec within minutes of Tuesday's terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre to help with the rescue effort in lower Manhattan. and Bovis and AmericanFreePress A foreign company - headed by a Knight of the British Empire - managed the controversial cleanup of the rubble at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. ... AMEC is in line for further construction work at both the Pentagon and the World Trade Center according to the Daily Mail. ... Sir Peter Mason is a Knight of the British Empire. The former mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, who gave the management of the WTC site to the two British firms, AMEC and Bovis Lend Lease, received an honorary knighthood in the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II on Feb. 13, 2002. GlobalGuru Executives and board members at AMEC include former directors of NM Rothschild, Kellogg, Brown and Root (now Halliburton), and SG Warburg. Other than the supervisory firm LZA/Thornton-Tomasetti, the City also hired five construction companies to handle the majority of the debris removal, and the site was divided up among them. and911Review These five companies were AMEC Construction Management, Bovis Lend Lease, Turner Construction, Tully Construction and Tishman Construction. Charlie Vitchers, who worked for Jim Abadie at Bovis, and was a leader at Ground Zero, said the site was then broken up "into basically five segments. Building 7 debris was given to Tishman. The northwest corner of the site was given to AMEC. The northeast section of the site was given to Tully. Amec Simon Thompson Non-Executive Director Age 52, was appointed a non-executive director in January 2009. He was previously an executive director of Anglo American plc, Chairman of the Tarmac Group and held positions with S G Warburg and N M Rothschild. He is currently Non-Executive Director of Tullow Oil plc (UK), Newmont Mining Corporation (US) and Sandvik AB (Sweden).
2001 9/11 video Dov Zakheim, Dov Zakheim -- Pentagon comptroller when trillion dollars reported missing on 9-10-01; "dual citizen" of US and Israel; Zionist; Shul Rabbi; former CFR member; former CEO of fly-by-remote manufacturer; reputed 9-11 mastermind Philip Zelikow -- led the 9-11 Cover-Up Commission; personally wrote the 9-11 Omission Commission Report, a best-selling work of fiction; appointed Counselor of US Department of State; "dual citizen" of US and Israel
2001 At the WTC, McDaniel was in charge of the security operation in terms of what he called a “completion contract,” to provide services “up to the day the buildings fell down.” iii] McDaniel came to Stratesec directly from BDM International, where he had been Vice President for nine years. BDM was a major subsidiary of The Carlyle Group for most of that time. When Barry McDaniel started at BDM, the company began getting a large amount of government business “in an area the Navy called Black Projects,” or budgets that were kept secret. The Carlyle Group was founded by one DavidRubenstein ... EndWhiteGuilt and Billionaire investor David Rubenstein, 60, co-founder and managing director of the Carlyle Group, purchased two (Torah Scribes).
2001 Christopher Bollyn If the scrap yards that handled the steel from the World Trade Center were part of a Zionist conspiracy we would expect to find that the junkyards themselves were Zionist-owned operations. This would be consistent with the thesis that 9/11 is a conspiracy in which the key players are all dedicated Zionist partisans of the state of Israel. The junkyards would need to be under Zionist control in order to facilitate the secure destruction of the steel. This is exactly what we find with Hugo Neu Schnitzer East (Hugo Neu)and Metal Management Northeast, the two junkyards that processed the steel from the World Trade Center. See also ThePopulist Hugo Neu A Hugo Neu affiliate processed most of the scrap metal from the World Trade Center after 9/11 and 911Research Two New Jersey companies were among the bidders that won the contract for removing more than 60,000 tons of Trade Center scrap. Metal Management Northeast bought 40,000 tons, and Hugo Neu Schnitzer bought 25,000 tons. Neu Schnitzer East is one of the largest scrap recyclers in the nation. President Alan Ratner of Metal Management said the company had bought 70,000 tons of scrap steel by January of 2002
2001 9/11 Olmert, who has long been tarnished by allegations of financial crimes, was implicated in a financial scandal involving forged receipts for donations to the 1988 Likud campaign, of which he was co-treasurer. This affair culminated in the March 1996 conviction of three other Likudniks, including Menahem Atzmon, Wikipedia ICTS the Likud treasurer. Olmert was also later indicted in the Likud affair, but was acquitted. Wikipedia ICTS Executive Officers ofICTS International include Menachem J. Atzmon (CSU since 2004), Alon Raich (CFO since 2008), and Managing Directors Avraham Dan(since 2008), Ran Langer (since 2004), and Ranaan Nir (since 2002). 7] Atzmon, the Chairman of the Board of Directors since 2004, holds controlling shares, owning more than 55% of ICTS International through a family trust Menachem Atzmon, convicted in Israel in 1996 for campaign finance fraud, and his business partner Ezra Harel, took over management of security at the Boston and Newark airports when their company ICTS bought Huntleigh USA in 1999. UAL Flight 175 and AA 11, which allegedly struck the twin towers, both originated in Boston, while UAL 93, which purportedly crashed in Pennsylvania, departed from the Newark airport.
BAE Director Sir Peter Mason is the retired chief executive of AMEC (Pentagon Flight 77) plc, a British engineering firm with ties to N.M. Rothschild. see9/11 Inside Job
2001 Bollyn (Mariani case) Hellerstein has a clear conflict of interest in the 9-11 tort litigation because his son is a lawyer with Amit, Pollak & Matalon, the law firm that works for and is closely connected with Cukierman & Company, the parent company of ICTS. Cukierman & Co. is headed by Roger Cukierman and his son Edouard. Previously, Roger was CEO of the Edmond de Rothschild Group and chairman of the Israel General Bank. He has also served as the chairman of several venture capital funds established by the Rothschild Group. One of these funds, the Catalyst Fund, is run by Boaz Harel, a managing partner of private equity at Cukierman & Co. - and the head of ICTS at the time of 9-11. The Rothschild/Cukierman Catalyst Fund is also invested in a company called Cyalume, which is run by several of the SCP Partners of Ehud Barak. The Israeli Mossad corporate network may seem large but it always involves the same small group of people at the top. Many of the names are easily recognized by a researcher who is familiar with the Zionist criminal network. One of the head people of the Catalyst Fund and Cyalume, for example, is Yair Shamir, the son of the well-known terrorist-cum-prime minister Yitzhak Shamir.
Martin Frost The 'Rothschild Connection': in the invasion of Iraq
Abel Danger believes Crown Agents' Sister Serena Rothschild hired Middle Templars to stage Matrix 5 Sky News propaganda attacks on 911 with "Men Who Never Were" identities in the same strategy as used by her husband's father Victor Rothschild and Templar Ewen Montagu in WWII with a fake Royal Marine identity called 'Major William Martin'.
2001 some less known players in 9/11 Thomas Pickard, Dale Watson, Dave Frasca, Marion “Spike” Bowman, Ralph Eberhardt, Larry Arnold , Eric Findley, Montague Winfield, Richard Mies ,Henry Shelton, Peter Schoomaker, Geoffrey Lambert, John Brinkerhoff, Tony Gentry, Philip Odeen ,Lewis Eisenberg, Abdussattar Shaikh, Abdullah Noman ,Daniel Lewin, Dominic Suter, Sivan Kurzberg, John Gross, Theresa McAllister, Ronald Hamburger, William Baker, Harold Nelson, Ramon Gilsanz, Shankar Nair, Gene Corley, Paul Mlakar, Mete Sozen, Charles Thornton, Richard Tomasetti, Victor Ganzi , Benjamin Chertoff Kevin Delaney, Wirt Walker, Frank Lowy, Nicholas Rockefeller, Warren Buffett, Rupert Murdoch, Jules Kroll, Paul Bremer, Wallace Hilliard, Mark Loizeaux, Loring Knoblauch , Michael Cherkasky Newt Gingrich, Pauline Neville-Jones, Mahmoud Ahmad and WarIsCrime same names, more detail.
2001 9/11 WayneMadsenReport 2010 -- PDAS Planning and Deciscion Aid System The super-classified network that served as command and control for the 9/11 false flag attack on America .... Multiple U.S. intelligence sources have reported to WMR that a super-classified network with only some 70 terminals in select U.S. government locations handled the parallel command-and-control activities that permitted the 9/11 terrorist attacks to be successful. .... The "above top secret" network bears the acronym "PDAS." WMR has not yet discovered what the acronym stands for, however, its is limited to only a few hundred people with Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) Special Access Program (SAP) need-to-know access, in addition to the President and Vice President. ... On September 11, 2001, PDAS was used to convey the information from the Air Force Chief of Staff to the White House, CIA, and other select agencies that the Air Force had successfully intercepted and downed a target over Pennsylvania. It is believed that the "target" in question was United flight 93, although there is no confirmation that the aircraft was in fact the one downed by Air Force interceptors. ... The Air Force Chief of Staff on 9/11 was General John Jumper, who had become the top Air Force commander on September 6, 2001, just five days before the 9/11 attacks. ... There is also reason to believe that the PDAS terminal at the Presidential Emergency Operations Center (PEOC) at the White House was used to coordinate the activities related to the aerial attack on the Pentagon. Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta claimed Vice President Dick Cheney was present at the PEOC at 9:25 am on the morning of 9/11, before the alleged impact of American Airlines flight 77 on the building.
2001 9/11 SeptemberClues On September 11, 2001, two Mitre-guided COCOM bases materialized out of nowhere. Florida based U.S. Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) was joined by a mysterious place called U.S. Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) in Omaha, Nebraska and a pre-outfitted base (physically in Denver, Colorado but operationally -- who knows?) called U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM). After the alleged ‘classroom incident,’ Bush was apparently taken to USSTRATCOM to monitor the unfolding situation. One can assume such an urgent delivery of the executive branch was to peer through the war games with Ralph Ed “pocket-rocket” Eberhart and assure a successful “sell” of the 9/11 tale as it was being piped through television, radio, press and Internet distributors – perhaps via lucrative arrangements with Eberhart and Powell’s ObjectVideo chips.
2001 Doeda 41% of the fatalities in the Twin Towers came from two companies that managed U.S. government securities: Cantor Fitzgerald and Eurobrokers. 31% of the 125 fatalities in the Pentagon were from the Naval Command Center that housed the Office of Naval Intelligence. In the vaults beneath the World Trade Center Towers, major government security brokerages and their securities certificates for bonds were destroyed. Building 6 was destroyed by explosions from within. Building 6 was home to the U.S. Customs agency and the El Dorado Task force, (ICE.gov, U.S. Customs Service Office of Investigations, Bank Secrecy Act) which was responsible for coordinating all major money-laundering investigations in the U.S September 11) the Securities and Exchange Commission declared a national emergency and for the first time in U.S. history invoked its emergency powers under Securities Exchange Act Section 12(k) and eased regulatory restrictions for clearing and settling security trades for the next 15 days. 39 of 40 Office of Naval Intelligence employees died when their office was struck (see NFU Flight 77 pages ) Full article Background: Bush HW
2001 GlobalResearch On September 10, 2001 at the Chicago Board Options Exchange there were 4,516 puts on American Airlines to only 748 calls. United Airlines was targeted for 4,744 puts as opposed to 396 calls. The numbers on the reinsurance companies were similarly lopsided. By far the biggest trader of the put options was Deutsche Bank Alex BrownWikipedia – the US trading arm of Deutsche Bank – which bought traditional Eight Families’ wealth repository and largest Four Horsemen shareholder Banker's Trust in 1999 to become the world’s largest bank with $882 billion in assets.
2001 Stumblein Shaul Eisenberg owned the Mossad company called Atwell Security. Atwell tried to obtain the security contract for the World Trade Center (and Port Authority) in the late 1980s. .... Eisenberg still alive... see Globes articles.
2001 Pauline Neville-Jones - International Governor of BBC on 911; Member of Bilderberg group; Chairman of UK Joint Intelligence Committee (1991-1994); Chairman of QinetiQ Group, a war technology company with government customers in UK and USA; Chairman of Information Assurance Advisory Council (IAAC)
2001 History of the Money Changers Professor Joseph Stiglitz, former Chief Economist of the World Bank, and former Chairman of President Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers, goes public over the World Bank's, "Four Step Strategy," which is designed to enslave nations to the bankers. I summarize this below, Step One: Privatization. This is actually where national leaders are offered 10% commissions to their secret Swiss bank accounts in exchange for them trimming a few billion dollars off the sale price of national assets. Bribery and corruption, pure and simple. ... Step Two: Capital Market Liberalization. This is the repealing any laws that taxes money going over its borders. Stiglitz calls this the, "hot money," cycle. Initially cash comes in from abroad to speculate in real estate and currency, then when the economy in that country starts to look promising, this outside wealth is pulled straight out again, causing the economy to collapse. ... The nation then requires IMF help and the IMF provides it under the pretext that they raise interest rates anywhere from 30% to 80%. This happened in Indonesia and Brazil, also in other Asian and Latin American nations. These higher interest rates consequently impoverish a country, demolishing property values, savaging industrial production and draining national treasuries. ... Step Three: Market Based Pricing. This is where the prices of food, water and domestic gas are raised which predictably leads to social unrest in the respective nation, now more commonly referred to as, "IMF Riots." These riots cause the flight of capital and government bankruptcies. This benefits the foreign corporations as the nations remaining assets can be purchased at rock bottom prices. ... Step Four: Free Trade. This is where international corporations burst into Asia, Latin America and Africa, whilst at the same time Europe and America barricade their own markets against third world agriculture. They also impose extortionate tariffs which these countries have to pay for branded pharmaceuticals, causing soaring rates in death and disease There are a lot of losers in this system, but a few winners - bankers. In fact the IMF and World Bank have made the sale of electricity, water, telephone and gas systems a condition of loans to every developing nation. This is estimated at 4 trillion dollars of publicly owned assets. In September of this year, Professor Joseph Stiglitz is awarded the Nobel Prize in economics.
2001 Scoreboard-Canada. Rudolph Giuliani running for President on 9/11 record....see Scoreboard-Canada Raytheon and Opus Dei links to Rothschild and Tucson, Arizona is in fact the Headquarters of Raytheon Missile Systems ... Who is really behind Raytheon? ANALYSIS: The largest institutional shareholders are Capital Research & Management, Harris Associates, Merrill Lynch, Smith Barney, State Street, Barclays, NWQ Investment Management and Lord Abbet & Co. Further down the list are JP Morgan Chase and T. Rowe Price.
2001 SourceWatch Open Russia Foundation board of directors Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky, Henry Kissinger, Arthur Hartman Dr. Mikhail Piotrovsky, Lord Jacob Rothschild, OM GBE and NewsCompass It is significant that YUKOS’s liberal pressure group, the Open Russia Foundation, is completely controlled by Rothschild now that its founder is in jail. and Martin Frost (Kissinger) was a friend of Baron Edmond de Rothschild; served with Baron Eric de Rothschild on the international board of governors of the Peres Pe
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Ron Paul Had Accurate Conspiracy Theory: CIA Was Tied To Drug Traffickers
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/30/ron-paul-conspiracy-theory-cia-drug-traffickers_n_1176103.html
But just because not all of Paul's theories are backed by good evidence doesn't mean none of them are.
In 1988, while running for president on the Libertarian Party ticket, he highlighted yet another conspiracy theory, and this one doesn't collapse under investigation: The CIA, Paul told a gathering of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, was involved in trafficking drugs as part of the Iran-Contra debacle.
Drug trafficking is "a gold mine for people who want to raise money in the underground government in order to finance projects that they can't get legitimately. It is very clear that the CIA has been very much involved with drug dealings," Paul said. "The CIA was very much involved in the Iran-Contra scandals. I'm not making up the stories; we saw it on television. They were hauling down weapons and drugs back. And the CIA and government officials were closing their eyes, fighting a war that was technically illegal."
Earlier this week, I looked into Paul's claim in the same speech that the war on drugs had racist origins and that the medical community played a role in lobbying for drug prohibitions. That charge was more or less accurate.
So is Paul's claim about the CIA and drug trafficking, a connection I explore in the book "This Is Your Country On Drugs: The Secret History of Getting High in America." (An excerpt of the chapter on the CIA appeared in The Root.) The following is drawn from my book.
Since at least the 1940s, the American government has organized and supported insurgent armies for the purpose of overthrowing some presumably hostile foreign regime. In Italy, the United States helped pit the Corsican and Sicilian mobs against the Fascists and then the Communists. In China, it aided Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang in its struggle against Mao Zedong's communist forces. In Afghanistan, it once backed the mujahedeen in their fight against the Soviet Union and today backs warlords in opposition to the mujahedeen.
All of these and other U.S.-supported groups profited, or still profit, heavily from the drug trade. One of the principal arguments made by the Drug Enforcement Administration in support of the global drug war is that the illegal drug trade funds violent, stateless organizations. The DEA refers specifically to al Qaeda and the Taliban, but the same method of fundraising has long been used by other violent, stateless actors whom the United States befriended.
AN 'UNCOMFORTABLE' STORY
Douglas Farah was in El Salvador when theSan Jose Mercury News broke a major story in the summer of 1996: The Nicaraguan Contras, a confederation of paramilitary rebels sponsored by the CIA, had been funding some of their operations by exporting cocaine to the United States. One of their best customers was a man nicknamed "Freeway Rick" -- Ricky Donnell Ross, then a Southern California dealer who was running an operation the Los Angeles Times dubbed "the Wal-Mart of crack dealing."
"My first thought was, 'Holy shit!' because there'd been so many rumors in the region of this going on," said Farah 12 years later. He'd grown up in Latin America and covered it for 20 years for theWashington Post. "There had always been these stories floating around about [the Contras] and cocaine. I knew [Contra leader] Adolfo Calero and some of the other folks there, and they were all sleazebags. You wouldn't read the story and say, 'Oh my god, these guys would never do that.' It was more like, 'Oh, one more dirty thing they were doing.' So I took it seriously."
The same would not hold true of most of Farah's colleagues, either in the newspaper business in general or at the Post in particular. "If you're talking about our intelligence community tolerating -- if not promoting -- drugs to pay for black ops, it's rather an uncomfortable thing to do when you're an establishment paper like the Post," Farah told me. "If you were going to be directly rubbing up against the government, they wanted it more solid than it could probably ever be done."
In the mid to late 1980s, a number of reports had surfaced that connected the Contras to the cocaine trade. The first was by Associated Press scribes Brian Barger and Robert Parry, who published a story in December 1985 that began, "Nicaraguan rebels operating in northern Costa Rica have engaged in cocaine trafficking, in part to help finance their war against Nicaragua's leftist government, according to U.S. investigators and American volunteers who work with the rebels."
Only a few outlets followed Barger and Parry's lead, including the San Francisco Examiner and the lefty magazine In These Times, which both published similar stories in 1986, and CBS's "West 57th" TV series, which did a segment in 1987. A Nexis search of the year following Barger and Parry's revelation turned up a total of only four stories containing the terms "Contras" and "cocaine," one of them a denial of the accusation from a Contra spokesperson. Stories popped up here and there over the next decade, but many of them made only oblique reference to a couldn't-possibly-be-true conspiracy theory.
Then came the San Jose Mercury News article, a 20,000-word three-parter by Pulitzer Prize-winning staffer Gary Webb, published under the headline "Dark Alliance." "For the better part of a decade, a San Francisco Bay Area drug ring sold tons of cocaine to the Crips and Bloods street gangs of Los Angeles and funneled millions in drug profits to a Latin American guerrilla army run by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, a Mercury News investigation has found," the story began.
The series initially received little attention from major media outlets, but it was eventually spread across the nation by the Internet and black talk radio. The latter put its own spin on the tale: that the U.S. government had deliberately spread crack to African-American neighborhoods to quell unruly residents. The Post newsroom was bombarded with phone calls asking why it was ignoring the story, the paper's ombudsman later reported.
In response, the Washington Post, New York Times and Los Angeles Times would all weigh in with multiple articles claiming that Webb's assertions were bunk. His career was effectively ruined, and even his own paper eventually disavowed "Dark Alliance," despite having given it a cutting-edge online presentation complete with document transcriptions and audio recordings.
The big papers had been pushing their same line for years. In 1987, New York Times reporter Keith Schneider had dismissed out of hand a lawsuit filed by a liberal group charging that the Contras were funding their operations with drug money. "Other investigators, including reporters from major news organizations, have tried without success to find proof of aspects of the case," he wrote, "particularly the allegations that military supplies for the contras may have been paid for with profits from drug trafficking."
In These Times later asked Schneider why he'd rejected the Contra-coke connection. He was trying to avoid "shatter[ing] the Republic," he said. "I think it is so damaging, the implications are so extraordinary, that for us to run the story, it had better be based on the most solid evidence we could amass."
The American republic, of course, is an idea as much as it is a reality. That idea is of a nation founded on freedom and dedicated to the progress of human rights around the globe. It's most certainly not of a country that aids the underground drug trade -- even if it does.
WHAT DRUG RUNNERS DO
If Webb didn't have ironclad proof that the CIA had knowingly done just that, he did, as one Senate investigator later noted, have "a strong circumstantial case that Contra officials who were paid by the CIA knew about [drug smuggling] and looked the other way." He based his series on court records and interviews with key drug-runners. One of them, Danilo Blandón, was once described by Assistant U.S. Attorney L.J. O'Neale as "the biggest Nicaraguan cocaine dealer in the United States."
Webb had been unable to persuade Blandón to talk, but the cocaine dealer testified at a trial shortly before "Dark Alliance" came out. Blandón wasn't on trial himself, wasn't facing any jail time, and was in fact being paid by the U.S. government to act as an informant. In other words, he had no obvious incentive to lie to make the United States look bad. Nevertheless, in sworn testimony, he said that in 1981 alone, his drug operation sold almost a ton of cocaine in the United States and that "whatever we were running in L.A., the profit was going to the Contra revolution."
Blandón's boss in the operation was Norwin Meneses, the head of political operations and U.S. fundraising for the Contras. Meneses was known as "Rey de la Droga" -- King of Drugs -- and had been under active investigation by the U.S. government since the early '70s as the Cali cocaine cartel's top representative in Nicaragua. The DEA considered him a major trafficker, and he had been implicated in 45 separate federal investigations, Webb discovered through government documents. Regardless, Meneses had never served any time in federal prison and lived openly in his San Francisco home.
In 1981, Blandón testified, he and Meneses had traveled to Honduras to meet Col. Enrique Bermúdez, the military leader of the Contra army and a full-time CIA employee. "While Blandon says Bermudez didn't know cocaine would be the fund-raising device they used," Webb wrote, "the presence of the mysterious Mr. Meneses strongly suggests otherwise." The reporter drew on court documents and government records to show that anyone involved in or familiar with the drug world at the time knew exactly how Meneses went about raising revenue.
Blandón sold the Contras' product to Ross for prices well below what other dealers could command, allowing him to expand his business throughout Los Angeles, then to Texas, Ohio and beyond. Ross told Webb that he owed his rise to Blandón and his cheap coke. ''I'm not saying I wouldn't have been a dope dealer without Danilo,'' Ross said. ''But I wouldn't have been Freeway Rick.''
Farah, the Washington Post reporter, said that his reporting on Webb's trail led to one of the biggest battles of his career. "There were maybe, in my 20 years at the Post, two or three stories out of however many hundreds or thousands I wrote where I had this kind of problem, and this was one of them. I wasn't in general in confrontation with my editors but ... this thing was weird and I knew it was weird," he said. "I did have a long and dispiriting fight with the editors at the Post because they wanted to say ultimately -- their basic take was that I was dealing with a bunch of liars, so it was one person's word against another person's word, and therefore you couldn't tell the truth. But it was pretty clear to me."
The official government response was provided to Post national security reporter Walter Pincus, who had at one time served in the U.S. Army Counterintelligence Corps. "One of my big fights on this was with Pincus," Farah remembered, "and my disadvantage was that I was in Managua and he was sitting in on the story meetings and talking directly to the editors. And we had a disagreement over the validity of what I was finding. At the time, I didn't realize he had been an agency employee for awhile. That might have helped me understand what was going on there a bit."
Pincus, who said that his involvement with the CIA several decades before is overblown, recalled the developing story differently. "To be honest, I can't remember talking to Doug at the time," he said. "To me, it was no great shock that some of the people the agency was dealing with were also drug dealers. But the idea that the agency was then running the drug program was totally different."
Pincus said that Webb's core story about the Contras and cocaine didn't resonate not because it didn't have any truth to it, but because it was obviously true. "This is a problem that came up -- it's probably a question of how long you cover these things," he said. "It came up during the Vietnam War, where the U.S. was dealing with the Hmong tribes in Laos and some of the people that were flying airplanes that the agency was using were also [running] drugs."
Through his reporting, Farah concluded, he'd confirmed the greater part of Webb's story. "The Contra-drug stuff, I think, was there," Farah said. "Largely, I think it [Webb's story] was right."
THE MEDIA ONSLAUGHT
The editorial cuts and pushback, however, discouraged Farah from pursuing a further investigation into the Contras' drug-running history. "I was really sort of disappointed at how things had run there at the Post on that story, and there wasn't much incentive to go forward after that," said Farah. (ThePost's top editor at the time, Leonard Downie, told me that he didn't remember the incident well enough to comment on it.)
Although Pincus said that he didn't have any role in neutering and burying Farah's story, he did say that he sympathized with his fellow reporter. "I was writing about there being no weapons in Iraq, and it was put in the back of the paper," Pincus said. "I've been through the same thing."
The Washington Post, like the New York Times and Los Angeles Times, published a massive package dedicated to debunking Webb's story. When a congressional investigation later confirmed the major elements of Webb's reporting, the papers barely covered it. (I go into the media attack in more detail in the book.)
In the face of the media onslaught, Webb's editor retracted the story. Webb was demoted and sent to a dustbin bureau 150 miles from San Jose. He resigned after settling an arbitration claim and went to work for a small alt-weekly. Over the next several years, his marriage fell apart and his wages were garnished for child support. On Dec. 10, 2004, Webb was discovered dead, shot twice in the head with his father's .38. The local coroner declared the death a suicide.
Obituaries in the major papers referenced his "discredited" series. The Los Angeles Times obit recalled his "widely criticized series linking the CIA to the explosion of crack cocaine in Los Angeles," noting that "[m]ajor newspapers, including the Los Angeles Times, New York Times and Washington Post, wrote reports discrediting elements of Webb's reporting." The New York Timesran a five-paragraph Reuters obit that began, "Gary Webb, a reporter who won national attention with a series of articles, later discredited." The obit continued, "The articles led to calls in Congress for an investigation, but major newspapers discredited parts of Mr. Webb's work." It made no mention of the fact that those calls for an investigation were heeded and that the investigation confirmed a great deal of Webb's reporting.
The headline "Web of Deception" ran atop Howard Kurtz's story in the Washington Post. "There was a time when Gary Webb was at the center of a huge, racially charged national controversy. That was eight years ago, and it turned out badly for him," Kurtz wrote. "The lesson," he concluded, "is that just because a news outlet makes sensational charges doesn't make them true, and just because the rest of the media challenge the charges doesn't make them part of some cover-up."
Reading the obituaries at the time, Farah recalled, was dispiriting. "Everybody, especially in the news business when you're working fast, makes mistakes," he said. "But I don't think that should stand as the final word on what he did."
Kurtz, however, stands by what he wrote then. "Of course it's very sad what happened to [Gary Webb] in the end, but I just did some basic reporting on him," Kurtz said. "I wasn't going out on a limb." Martyn performing Lonely Like America at The Brook in Southampton in November 2010 from his brand new live DVD.
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Martyn Joseph - The Great American Novel
The song and singer has chosen to be the theme song for the INL News Film and musical
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The Great American Novel Martyn Joseph - Lonely Like America
The criminal History of the New South Wales Police and well know criminal Neddy Smith
who was given the green light to commit what ever crime he wanted or was told to do..
including murder...
Blue Murder- Part One
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Blue Murder: Media Release
The most controversial drama series ever made in Australia, BLUE MURDER, will finally screen in NSW and the ACT six years after it was prevented from broadcast. The two part series will begin Tuesday 31 July at 9.30pm, concluding Wednesday 1 August at 9.30pm.
The highly acclaimed drama that delves into corruption in the NSW police force and crime underworld of the 80's, was legally embargoed from screening in NSW and the ACT because underworld identity Neddy Smith, one of the key characters in the series, was charged with seven counts of murder just before the program was due to be broadcast in 1995.
Earlier this month, the Director of Public Prosecutions decided not to prosecute Neddy Smith for the murder of Lewton Shu, clearing the way for the first ever screening of BLUE MURDER in NSW and the ACT.
In all other States and Territories, the BBC drama CARE will screen at the same time.
BLUE MURDER begins with Sydney criminal Neddy Smith's activities in the late 1970's, charting his gradual acceptance into a circle of corrupt police officers led by top cop Rogerson and culminates with the shooting of policeman Michael Drury and the crumbling of Rogerson's empire in the late 80's. The series features an outstanding cast including Richard Roxburgh as Dt Sgt Roger Rogerson, Tony Martin as Needy Smith and Steve Bastoni as Michael Drury, with Gary Sweet, Alex Dimitriades, Peter Phelps, Marcus Graham and Bill Hunter.
BLUE MURDER is an ABC / Southern Star Entertainment Production. Written by Ian David. Directed by Michael Jenkins. Produced by Rod Allan.
BLUE MURDER (NSW AND ACT ONLY)
Screens Tuesday 31 July and Wednesday 1 August at 9.30pm
ABC Media Release
Thursday 26 July 200
AT LAST…
THE STORY NSW AND THE ACT WAS NEVER ALLOWED TO SEE!
BLUE MURDER
The most controversial drama series ever made in Australia, BLUE MURDER, will finally screen in NSW and the ACT six years after it was prevented from broadcast. The two part series will begin Tuesday 31 July at 9.30pm, concluding Wednesday 1 August at 9.30pm.
The highly acclaimed drama that delves into corruption in the NSW police force and crime underworld of the 80's, was legally embargoed from screening in NSW and the ACT because underworld identity Neddy Smith, one of the key characters in the series, was charged with seven counts of murder just before the program was due to be broadcast in 1995.
Earlier this month, the Director of Public Prosecutions decided not to prosecute Neddy Smith for the murder of Lewton Shu, clearing the way for the first ever screening of BLUE MURDER in NSW and the ACT.
In all other States and Territories, the BBC drama CARE will screen at the same time.
BLUE MURDER begins with Sydney criminal Neddy Smith's activities in the late 1970's, charting his gradual acceptance into a circle of corrupt police officers led by top cop Rogerson and culminates with the shooting of policeman Michael Drury and the crumbling of Rogerson's empire in the late 80's. The series features an outstanding cast including Richard Roxburgh as Dt Sgt Roger Rogerson, Tony Martin as Needy Smith and Steve Bastoni as Michael Drury, with Gary Sweet, Alex Dimitriades, Peter Phelps, Marcus Graham and Bill Hunter.
BLUE MURDER is an ABC / Southern Star Entertainment Production. Written by Ian David. Directed by Michael Jenkins. Produced by Rod Allan.
BLUE MURDER (NSW AND ACT ONLY)
Screens Tuesday 31 July and Wednesday 1 August at 9.30pm
ABC Media Release
Thursday 26 July 2001
Blue Murder hits ABC next week
The award-winning drama series Blue Murder, which colourfully re-creates Sydney's 1980s underworld, will screen on television in NSW for the first time next week.
The ABC's legal and scheduling departments finally gave Blue Murder the green light to be screened here and in the ACT yesterday, six years after it was shown in the rest of Australia.
Featuring Tony Martin as notorious criminal Neddy Smith and Richard Roxburgh as infamous detective-sergeant Roger Rogerson, it will air in two parts at 9.30pm on Tuesday and Wednesday.
Already widely viewed on bootleg copies by police, lawyers, criminals and anyone else interested in such fare, the program is still expected to be a ratings success for the ABC.
Blue Murder was pulled from screening in NSW in 1995 when Smith was charged with seven 1980s murders, all of which have now been dealt with by courts.
Four of those murder charges were dropped at committal, one led to conviction at trial, one was "no billed" by the Director of Public Prosecutions earlier this month and one, that of Sallie-Anne Huckstepp, ended in acquittal by jury.
Despite that verdict, Blue Murder will still go to air with a scene in which Smith kills Huckstepp.
The first part of the series features Smith being awarded a "green light" to commit crimes by police grateful for Smith's favourable evidence at the inquest into the death of drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi, whom Rogerson shot in 1981.
It culminates with the shooting of drug squad detective Michael Drury by hitman Chris Flannery, in a conspiracy involving Melbourne drug dealer Alan Williams and Rogerson, who in real-life was cleared of involvement. The second part follows the flawed investigation into Drury's shooting, Flannery's and Huckstepp's murders, Rogerson's career downfall and Smith's descent to prison, where he has remained since.
By Stephen Gibbs
Sydney Morning Herald
Thursday, July 26, 2001
ABC rushes Blue Murder
THE ABC's controversial award-winning miniseries Blue Murder about Sydney's underworld will be shown nearly a month ahead of schedule in NSW next week.
The program was due to air in late August but an ABC spokeswoman said the threat of legal action forced the network to screen it early.
"We have to move quickly to screen it because there may be charges pending against some other well-known people portrayed in the show which might stop us from screening it," she said.
"We've been given a small window of opportunity and our lawyers have given us clearance to screen it, but we have to do it quickly."
The 1995 production, which has been shown twice in all states except NSW, dramatises police corruption and underworld activities in the 1980s. It could not be shown in NSW because of outstanding charges against Neddy Smith, who is serving a life sentence for murdering brothel owner Harvey Jones in 1983.
Two weeks ago the Director of Public Prosecutions cleared the way for the series to be screened in NSW by no-billing an indictment against Smith, 56, for the murder of drug dealer Lewton Shu in 1983.
Based on Smith's autobiography and the book Line of Fire about the 1984 shooting of drug squad cop Michael Drury, Blue Murder depicts various underworld killings.
It stars Tony Martin as Neddy Smith, Gary Sweet as hit man Christopher Dale Flannery and Richard Roxburgh as Roger Rogerson.
* Blue Murder airs on the ABC next Tuesday and Wednesday at 9.30pm
Better late than never
As Blue Murder gets the all-clear to screen in NSW, Tony Davis takes a personal look at the events covered in the controversial drama.
It is truly odd that one of the best pieces of television drama ever produced in Australia has never screened in NSW, the country's most populous State and the one in which 90 per cent of the story is set. But that's the case with Blue Murder, winner of multiple AFI awards, which screened in the rest of the country in 1995. Now, following a decision by the Director of Public Prosecutions not to pursue Neddy Smith over a 1983 murder, the ABC will air the miniseries over two nights, from Tuesday.
Those who have not managed to beg, borrow or otherwise obtain an interstate video of Blue Murder during the past six years should get ready for an absolutely compelling re-creation of real-life events from the early 1980s.
With brilliant and appalling ferocity, Blue Murder recalls an era unlike any other in Australian criminal history, one in which certain police and crooks formed a partnership to more effectively commit crimes that at least one side of the equation was meant to prevent.
Blue Murder is a masterful piece of scripting, direction and acting. Rapid-fire conversations overlap while cameras follow the action in documentary-style, always giving you the sense you are moving among real and dangerous people rather than having scripted lines delivered to you.
Some of the greatest names of the Sydney underworld are portrayed: Christopher Dale Flannery, the hitman known as Rent-a-kill; Warren Lanfranchi, the heroin dealer who preferred a baseball bat to a well-structured argument when it came to financial negotiations; Lanfranchi's girlfriend, the glamorous and screwed-up Sallie-Anne Huckstepp; and above all others, Neddy and The Dodger.
Neddy was Arthur Stanley Smith, the drug dealer and armed-hold-up specialist given the green light by certain police to commit any crime (except murdering police), as long as he shared the proceeds. Neddy left bank robberies in police cars, while the cops up front radioed headquarters to say they'd lost the trail of the suspects.
The Dodger was Detective Sergeant Roger Rogerson, whose name will forever be prefixed by the words "disgraced" and "former". He became a household name in the early 1980s after winning a supposed OK-Corral-style shootout with Warren Lanfranchi in a Chippendale lane.
Generally less mentioned in this whole story but equally important—from this writer's point of view, at least—is me.
Blue Murder, which I watched in one breathless sitting, took me back to Glebe Coroner's Court in 1981 where, as a second-year newspaper cadet, I spent day after day with many of the "cast", sitting just a few steps away from Rogerson, Huckstepp and others, watching their every movement, reporting on each word said.
I was 20 years old. There are a lot of things I was at 20 that I am glad I am not now. Gullible is one of them. Sure, one senior policeman might play with the truth, I thought. But not two, or three, or four… and surely entire events and interviews wouldn't be invented from scratch.
It seemed so clear cut: Detective Sergeant Rogerson was a policeman with bravery commendations and Lanfranchi was a drug dealer. Officer after officer supported the story that Lanfranchi had pulled a gun first. OK, there were no fingerprints on the butt, but police forensic experts said that was not unusual.
Later revelations would change public perceptions of the NSW Police Force. Back then there still was a general sense that even when the police occasionally bent the rules, they were still operating in our best interests.
Anyway, during the Lanfranchi trial the other side overplayed its hand. During the court breaks, a cavalcade of interested parties came to the little windowless press room or stopped me in the corridor to explain that senior police controlled the State's entire heroin trade, had committed bashings, murders and more besides; that Rogerson, in spite of his modest income, leased a Lamborghini.
It seemed too far-fetched to be true, and later events showed it wasn't true. It was a Bentley, for example, and Rogerson owned rather than leased it.
I was reporting for the News Limited newspapers: The Daily Mirror, The Daily Telegraph and The Australian. My court-reporting training had consisted of being shown around Glebe Coroner's Court by the cadet I replaced, and of me asking as many questions as would be tolerated by the other permanent press-room fixture—a young reporter from Fairfax's late and unlamented The Sun.
Being a newspaper cadet in the blokey, beer-soaked atmosphere of early 1980s journalism is the sort of thing you are glad to have done, but would never do again. I spent several months as a graveyard-shift ambulance-chaser and remember it as a time of fires, car crashes, deathknocks and bullet-ventilated bodies face-down in parks.
Some of those bodies, we later learned, belonged to people who had been in the orbit of Lanfranchi, Smith and Rogerson, but for me at the time there was never a sense that any of the criminal goings-on I saw each week were likely to endanger average punters—or involved the police.
There was great camaraderie on police rounds. Senior journos drank with influential cops or chatted about wives and kids while the warehouse fire blazed or Police Rescue unwrapped the car from the pole. Some old-hand reporters could get traffic fines pulled and more. Rogerson received a bouquet of "hero" stories the morning after the Lanfranchi shooting.
The situation served the press and the police well. The only people who lost out were the public.
Glebe Coroner's Court, where I was stationed for several months, was directly above the morgue. A rather strange employee, who kept his lunch in the cold room, delighted in taking young reporters through his domain, leading the way through a field of unclad corpses on steel trolleys parked in neat rows, or through the autopsy rooms where cadavers were being pulled to pieces. "This is a motorcycle accident and this is a drowning," he would explain, but his favourite show-and-tells were the ones in the freezer drawers, the often butchered or burnt corpses being kept as evidence. Warren Lanfranchi's was among these, deteriorating and blighted with some sort of fungus.
Lanfranchi was not much older than I was. His world couldn't have been more different and, as evidence came out, it showed beyond doubt there were two completely separate Sydneys existing at the same time with very little interaction between them.
Blue Murder authentically depicts the amazing things that were happening in unremarkable-looking pubs and restaurants around Glebe, Surry Hills and Chinatown. They were places I had walked past hundreds of times with scarcely a thought that there might be a bashing in progress, a hit being organised, the proceeds of a job being split or police and crims drunkenly engaging in a target-shooting contest in the basement.
Blue Murder does not judge. It merely presents a well-informed view of what happened, and, in showing the charisma, bravery and brutality of Neddy and The Dodger, helps explain the control this unlikely partnership established.
If there's proof of a good historical re-enactment, it's when you become so involved with the characters they become fixed in your mind as the real people. When I see actual footage of Neddy or the Dodger, they don't look quite right—yet when, say, Tony Martin turns up on screen I immediately think of Neddy Smith and even shiver a little.
Writing this story made me go back and look for my old newspaper clippings. The court stories I covered—the Lanfranchi shooting, the Harry M. Miller fraud trial, the notorious severed-head-and-fingers murder of Kim Barry in Wollongong and others—were filed by phone in great haste during adjournments. They became littered with typos and literals as they were quickly shunted through copytakers, sub-editors working with pencils, then compositors shaping the words mirror-wise in hot metal.
Anyone who thinks media standards are slipping ought to search out newspapers from that era and compare. And anyone who harks back to the good old days when the streets were safe and the cops were on our side should watch Blue Murder.
Sydney Morning Herald
Monday, July 30, 2001
The who's who of Blue Murder
Detective Sergeant Roger Rogerson
Once considered among the local constabulary's finest, "The Dodger" was brave enough to stare down the likes of Christopher Dale Flannery and Neddy Smith. Rogerson cultivated friends and allies in high and low places and was ruthless in the way he did business. He shot Warren Lanfranchi in a narrow lane in 1981—supposedly after Lanfranchi drew a gun on him—and watched his empire crash down soon afterwards. Played beautifully by Richard Roxburgh.
Currently A free man (acquitted of conspiring to murder Michael Drury, he served three years in the '90s for conspiring to pervert the course of justice), although the Police Integrity Commission recommended this year he be criminally charged on three counts.
Arthur Stanley "Neddy" Smith
The dangerous and highly intelligent crook with a heart of venom. His frightening autobiography, Neddy, illustrates a man operating on a completely different moral code to the rest of us (though, alas, on the same moral code as several powerful NSW policemen). Tony Martin delivers with chilling authenticity.
Currently Serving a life sentence for murder and suffering from Parkinson's disease. He was acquitted in 1999 of the murder of Sallie-Anne Huckstepp.
Michael Drury
The cop who claimed he wouldn't take a bribe from Rogerson and almost paid for it with his life. Steve Bastoni interviewed Michael Drury to get the role right, and plays him with enough ambiguity to ensure he is not a cliched hero. Bizarrely, Michael Drury and wife Pam came on set to see the scene in which Drury is shot in his Chatswood home.
Currently Retired from the NSW Police Force last year.
Christopher Dale Flannery
The wild hitman known as Rent-a-kill. The unlikely casting of Gary Sweet is a triumph and Blue Murder leaves no doubt about Flannery's much-discussed fate.
Currently Believed dead.
Warren Lanfranchi
Petty crim and drug dealer, shot by Rogerson. It was claimed by Lanfranchi's family he had $10,000 on his person at the time of the shooting. It was not there when the body arrived at the morgue. The Blue Murder account is very different to the one Rogerson detailed under oath. A 21-year-old Alex Dimitriades does the honours.
Currently Dead.
Sallie-Anne Huckstepp
Prostitute, drug addict and girlfriend of heroin dealer Warren Lanfranchi—yet glamorous enough to captivate television cameras and become a household name with her allegations about Rogerson. Before playing the role, Loene Carmen interviewed Huckstepp's daughter, Sasha, who herself turns up as a nurse in Blue Murder.
Currently Dead.
Ian David
The writer of Police Crop, Joh's Jury and other classy TV dramas, David based his Blue Murder script on In the Line of Fire (the story of Michael Drury by Herald journalist Darren Goodsir) and Neddy, by Neddy Smith with Tom Noble. He also met Smith, conducted hundreds of other interviews and suffered real-life threats and burglaries while working on the project.
Currently President of the Screen Writers' Guild; developing a miniseries about the Ivan Milat backpacker murders.
Michael Jenkins
The director of Blue Murder, Jenkins also worked on the controversial '80s miniseries Scales of Justice.
Currently Working on Young Lions, a drama pilot for Nine, and developing a film on the life of Ned Kelly.
Blue Murder screens on the ABC on Tuesday and Wednesday night at 9.30pm.
Real-life drama in TV classic
WHEN Blue Murder screens tonight, NSW viewers will finally be able to make up their own minds on what is fact or just good television.
While the truth may never be known, Blue Murder writer Ian David yesterday admitted he had received threatening phone-calls, had his home broken into and heavy criticism from some of the people portrayed in the confronting drama.
The events depicted in Blue Murder are based on Neddy Smith's autobiography and journalist Darren Goodsir's In the Line of Fire, as well as David's own research and interviews.
But the writer said while the events were necessarily dramatised, he stood by his work saying it was as close to reality as he could make it.
"It was the best we could do for the time," he said.
"When I look back on it I'm quite pleased that it still stands up."
The series centres on the infamous shootings of drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi by detective Roger Rogerson in Dangar Place, Chippendale. It also deals with the shooting of policeman Michael Drury at his home–allegedly by missing hitman Christopher Dale Flannery.
Other incidents shown include Neddy Smith killing Lanfranchi's prostitute girlfriend Sallie-Anne Huckstepp–a murder for which he was later acquitted.
David said he would watch the show with director Michael Jenkins and actor Tony Martin, who portrayed Smith, over a few beers.
The actor on whom the production relies most, Richard Roxburgh, yesterday was filming a movie in London but said his chief fear after playing the role was the reaction of his real life character Roger Rogerson.
While Rogerson, who watched part of the TV show during a 60 Minutes interview, has always maintained he shot Lanfranchi in self-defence, the former detective sergeant is said to have liked Roxburgh's portrayal–apart from his smoking and piano playing.
"It was a very weird hall of mirrors experience as I watched Roger watching me being him," Roxburgh said.
But another of the four former police officers who witnessed the shooting in Dangar Place was yesterday not so forgiving of any dramatic licence.
Retired Detective Sergeant Rodney Moore was driving his white Volvo only metres from Rogerson when he saw the 1981 shooting.
Mr Moore, now working as a labourer, said that while Blue Murder was good entertainment, he was angry at the depiction of the character Mal Rivers.
"They have got this 'Mal Rivers' taking money out of Lanfranchi's strides," he said. "This is just absolute rubbish. What happened was what was in the coroner's court. Lanfranchi pulled out a gun and Rogerson shot him."
July 31, 2001
Daily Telegraph
ABC drama a killer in the ratings
Six years after it was made, Blue Murder has been a triumph for the ABC. On Tuesday night it averaged 379,000 viewers in Sydney. It had been shown in other Australian cities years ago, but legal cases involving the key characters delayed its presentation in its state of origin.
An audience of 379,000, as measured by OzTAM, may not sound huge compared to the 800,000 who watched Thorpie winning gold medals last week, but let's put it in context. Sydney people, in common with the rest of Australia, tend to go to bed early, so it's rare for any program starting at 9.30pm to attract more than 300,000 viewers.
Channel Ten's much publicised youth drama, The Secret Life of Us, which screens at 9.30pm on Mondays, scored 251,000 viewers this week, while Nine's Sex and the City, showing at the same time, scored 310,000. The critically acclaimed The West Wing, which showed at 10.30 on Tuesday night, attracted 150,000.
Blue Murder did surprisingly well with what TV programmers call the "youth demographic", who would have been at primary school when the events in the show happened. About 129,000 Blue Murder viewers were aged between 16 and 39 (while the usual youth favourite, Rove Live on Ten, attracted 143,000 groovers).
Normally the ABC's most watched program of the week is The Bill, which attracted 381,000 Sydney viewers on Tuesday—considerably more than its usual 320,000. This suggests Blue Murder encouraged some eager viewers to tune in early. Perhaps the ABC should show it every night.
By David Dale
Sydney Morning Herald
Thursday, August 2, 2001
Almost all the chilling truth
Is Blue Murder an accurate portrayal of events? Or is it racy fiction wrapped around a thin skeleton of facts to make electrifying television? Or a bit of both?
There are doubts about the show's claim of being a true representation of the police and underworld wars. Such reservations are understandable, given the brazen, nonchalant way in which corrupt deals and killings are presented.
But not only are the scenes believable, they are, in more than 90 per cent of the cases, chillingly accurate. And that's what makes Blue Murder all the more terrifying.
Screenwriter Ian David researched the story extensively and interviewed some of the players. He also blended truthfully the themes raised in the two books that provided the platform for the production. So intent was he on accuracy that many scenes were filmed where they took place.
For instance, undercover policeman Michael Drury's shooting was filmed in the home where the event occurred. Roger Rogerson's barbecue with Neddy Smith and other mates was filmed in the real Rogerson's former backyard in Condell Park, and drug dealer Warren Lanfranchi is shot in the Chippendale laneway where the real Lanfranchi was shot.
But for pedants, there are some issues worthy of debate.
Smith is shown murdering Sallie-Anne Huckstepp but he has been acquitted of this crime. He is shown throwing solicitor Brian Alexander off a boat, but he has never been convicted of it.
It is highly unlikely that Smith, or any of Rogerson's colleagues, were privy to the talks about the attempted killing of Drury. And Rogerson never smoked cigarettes.
There are other small errors, but given the body of work that is assembled, and the multitude of events canvassed, they are minor.
However, on the flipside, Smith did confront CIB chief Noel Morey at Morey's boozy farewell, but perhaps not in the manner depicted; Smith did accompany Rogerson to many police functions; and hitman Christopher Dale Flannery visited hospital to see if he could "finish the job" after failing to kill Drury.
Another feature that has intrigued some viewers is the matter-of-fact way in which Drury reacted to the offer of a bribe from Rogerson. It is this author's view that Drury's nonplussed response says more about the state of the police then, rather then anything to do with Drury's integrity.
Darren Goodsir is a Herald journalist and the author of Line of Fire, upon which Blue Murder is partly based.
By Darren Goodsir
Sydney Morning Herald
Thursday, August 2, 2001
Our town: the secret of Blue Murder's success
A gutsy cops-and-robbers story shot in our backyard and speaking our language, that's why this drama is a hit. And it should help a few actors' careers, writes David Dale.
It was made six years ago, about events that happened 20 years ago. The photography is grainy at times, and you can't understand a lot of the dialogue. Many of the characters are not clearly identified, and their motives are obscure.
Some of the events are implausible, bordering on preposterous. One of the real people portrayed in it has said: "It's not a bad movie as a drama, but it's all bullshit."
So why did Blue Murder work so well with Sydney viewers, and why will it launch or relaunch so many showbiz careers? A few possible explanations…
It confirms the deepest archetypes of our city. We like to think of ourselves as living in a rough, tough pragmatic town. Sydney's first police officers were criminals, because Governor Phillip appointed 12 of his most trusted convicts as "the Night Watch" in 1790. That interchangeability established a tradition which lasted at least 200 years.
Sydneysiders have always believed their coppers were a bit bent, and haven't been too fussed about it, as long as somebody came around to commiserate about break-ins. If Roger Rogerson dispensed a bit of vigilante justice, that was what those scum needed. If the cops let Neddie Smith bash a few blokes at a two-up game, or helped him throw a crooked lawyer to the sharks, that's what defines us as an exciting metropolis.
We sometimes wondered if the rumours about powerful people we were hearing in the pub were just urban myths. Blue Murder showed they were true. And when Neddie describes the show as "bullshit"—well, he would say that, wouldn't he?
It speaks our language. Thugs and cops don't articulate like trained thespians, and it was a brave move for Blue Murder's director, Michael Jenkins, to let them mumble some of the time, and for the ABC not to censor the f- words and the c- words or tone down the brutality in an attempt to enlarge the audience. It's late-night viewing, designed for people who don't mind a little mental exercise to fill in the gaps.
We want to encourage the ABC to return to its glory days. Once upon a time the ABC had money to spend on dangerous drama that held up a mirror to Australian society. Now the ABC has a boss who thinks The Weakest Link is groundbreaking television.
It has familiar actors at the top of their game. As the moustachioed villain in Moulin Rouge, Richard Roxburgh was just silly (in accordance with the director's instructions). As the South African sidekick to the Scottish sadist in Mission: Impossible II, he was wimpy. For the past six years, we've been underestimating him—because we weren't allowed to see Blue Murder. Finally we know what a charming monster he can be.
If we saw Wildside (also directed by Michael Jenkins) on TV two years ago, we know Tony Martin can do an idealistic cop barely under control, and if we saw The Interview at the movies or on video (or best of all, on DVD), we know Tony Martin can do a cop who might just be crooked. But we never knew he could make us feel sorry for a brutal killer.
We'd gone off Gary Sweet lately, but now that we've finally seen his hyped-up Rent-a-Kill, we look forward to a comeback (even without the fluff-wig). And why haven't we seen anything lately of Loene Carmen, who played Sallie-Anne Huckstepp (after an auspicious start as the love interest in The Year My Voice Broke)? Blue Murder even managed to remind us that Ray Martin was once a subtle interviewer.
It has impeccable period detailing, smart jokes and a car chase. Blue Murder isn't homework, it isn't a sociological duty, it isn't subsidised culture—it is just entertaining. How about Neddie's big-collar shirts and wide lapels, the Dodger's cardigan, the barbie round the pool, the gorgeous sunset on the harbour, and dialogue such as "How many other blokes have got a green light?" "No-one—we shot all the others".
These days every successful Hollywood thriller must contain a car chase, a sex scene, violence treated flippantly, ironic pop culture references, a flawed hero who undergoes a symbolic death-and-resurrection, and an ambiguous ending. Ian David didn't know any of that when he wrote the screenplay, years ahead of David Chase's brilliant work on The Sopranos.
All we need now is for Blue Murder to be released on DVD, on sale at ABC shops with a second disc containing deleted scenes, commentaries by writer, director and actors, and a documentary explaining why it took so long to reach us.
It might just earn enough money to make the ABC feel like doing it all again.
By David Dale
Sydney Morning Herald
Thursday, August 2, 2001
Viewers go for Blue Murder, but you'd hardly read about it
Sydney is a town where word of mouth can work wonders. The second night of Blue Murder did even better for the ABC than the first night.
Driven by enthusiastic reports about Tuesday's first episode of the true-crime saga, an extra 54,000 Sydneysiders tuned in to the ABC on Wednesday, bringing the total audience to 433,000—an amazing figure for any 90-minute show starting at 9.30pm.
But, if the ABC can possibly find a way to shoot itself in the foot, it will. If you looked at the Sydney ratings figures released by OzTAM yesterday morning, you would have found no mention of Blue Murder. Instead, the ratings showed that, in Sydney, Foreign Correspondent got 443,000 viewers and Lateline got 412,000—record performances for both shows.
An ABC spokesman explained that the person responsible for notifying OzTAM of changes in the national programming schedule was based in Melbourne and had not known that Blue Murder was running (in Sydney only) over two nights.
Sorry, Jennifer Byrne, but any pay rise you may get for more than doubling your Foreign Correspondent audience will have to be passed on to actors Richard Roxburgh and Tony Martin, writer Ian David and director Michael Jenkins.
By David Dale
Sydney Morning Herald
Friday, August 3, 2001
Blue Murder (miniseries)
Blue Murder is a two-part Australian television miniseries produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) in 1995 and is based on true events. Given its confronting content, the DVD release was classified MA 15+. An injunction brought during Arthur "Neddy" Smith's appeal against his life sentence saw its broadcast delayed in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territoryfor six years, until 2001. In New Zealand the DVD release was classified R 18+ for graphic violence and offensive language.
Set in the 1970s and 1980s in Sydney, the miniseries concerns the relationship between controversial former Detective Roger "the Dodger" Rogerson and notorious criminal Arthur "Neddy" Smith. Rogerson and his colleagues were accused of giving Smith a "green light" to commit crimes without Police interference, with the relationship fraying when Rogerson orders hitman Christopher "Mr. Rent-a-Kill" Flannery to murder Police Officer Michael Drury. The murder of prostitute Sallie-Anne Huckstepp also features.
Blue Murder is narrated by the characters of Rogerson, Smith and Drury and focuses on the corruption allegations that plagued theNSW Police Force at the time. Rogerson and Smith achieved a kind of celebrity status during the Wood Royal Commission into Police corruption.
The screenplay was written by Ian David who has written extensively on the people and events featured. The miniseries was directed by Michael Jenkins and produced by Rod Allan.
Plot
The series begins with the arrest of Arthur "Neddy" Smith for attempted robbery. He is interviewed by Det. Sgt. Roger Rogerson, who instead of charging him employs him to protect various drug dealers. After serving a short prison sentence for other charges, Smith teams up with Graham "Abo" Henry and becomes a significant presence in the underworld. His association with Rogerson enables him to escape impending drugs charges and helps him to carry out other crimes unabated.
After Warren Lanfranchi, an associate of Smith's, robs drug dealers protected by Rogerson and attempts to shoot a Police Officer on the way to a robbery, Rogerson shoots him in front of fellow Officers. Lanfranchi's girlfriend, Sallie-Anne Huckstepp, vows revenge. Smith, who transported Lanfranchi to the murder and assisted the Police in court by giving a false testimony, is rewarded by Rogerson with a "Green Light", meaning he is allowed to commit any crime he likes, with the exception of assaulting or killing a Police Officer. Rogerson and Smith lead a criminal syndicate in Sydney, distributing drugs and murdering any potential witnesses to their crimes.
Meanwhile in Melbourne, undercover Detective Michael Drury sets up a drugs deal with dealer Alan Williams as part of a sting operation. Williams escapes after a botched Police chase but knows he will soon be caught and is terrified of being imprisoned. Rogerson, on behalf of Williams, tries to bribe Drury to drop the charges, but Drury refuses. In response, Rogerson and Williams contact notorious hitman Christopher Flannery to kill Drury. Flannery shoots Drury in his home but fails to kill him. The Police are unable to obtain any leads on Drury's assailant, but Drury reveals that Rogerson attempted to bribe him and Rogerson is charged.
Rogerson uses the lack of evidence and his corrupt associates in the NSW Police Force to escape conviction, but the negative image and increased Police attention caused by the affair begin to damage his criminal enterprises. His relationship with Smith becomes increasingly strained, to the point where he organises a failed attempt on Smith's life. Flannery and Huckstepp are both murdered when they begin to pose a threat to Rogerson and Smith, but Williams confesses his involvement in the Drury shooting in exchange for protection from Rogerson. Despite this new evidence, Rogerson again escapes conviction, but he is dismissed from the Police Force and arrested by the Australian Federal Police(AFP) shortly afterwards when he is caught depositing money in a bank account under a false name. Without Rogerson's protection, Smith's crime syndicate quickly falls apart and after killing a tow-truck driver in a drunken fight, he leaves enough evidence for the Police to arrest him.
In the final scene, a now-dismissed Rogerson meets Smith at his hide-out to discuss the situation. Rogerson tells Smith to keep a low profile while he uses his contacts within the Police Force to resolve the matter. However, as soon as Rogerson leaves, Police storm the house and arrest Smith and his associate.
As the credits roll, it is revealed that Michael Drury retired from the Police in 2000, Roger Rogerson served three years in prison and Neddy Smith received an indeterminate life sentence for multiple murders, which he is still serving.
Cast
External links
Viewers go for Blue Murder, but you'd hardly read about it
Sydney is a town where word of mouth can work wonders. The second night of Blue Murder did even better for the ABC than the first night.
Driven by enthusiastic reports about Tuesday's first episode of the true-crime saga, an extra 54,000 Sydneysiders tuned in to the ABC on Wednesday, bringing the total audience to 433,000—an amazing figure for any 90-minute show starting at 9.30pm.
But, if the ABC can possibly find a way to shoot itself in the foot, it will. If you looked at the Sydney ratings figures released by OzTAM yesterday morning, you would have found no mention of Blue Murder. Instead, the ratings showed that, in Sydney, Foreign Correspondent got 443,000 viewers and Lateline got 412,000—record performances for both shows.
An ABC spokesman explained that the person responsible for notifying OzTAM of changes in the national programming schedule was based in Melbourne and had not known that Blue Murder was running (in Sydney only) over two nights.
Sorry, Jennifer Byrne, but any pay rise you may get for more than doubling your Foreign Correspondent audience will have to be passed on to actors Richard Roxburgh and Tony Martin, writer Ian David and director Michael Jenkins.
By David Dale
Sydney Morning Herald
Friday, August 3, 2001
Blue Murder: a RE-IMAGINED history
Greg Levine & Stephen McElhinney
Erich Auerbach, whilst discussing the influence of Joyce and Proust?s use of reflected consciousness and time strata, makes an interesting comparison between a novel?s conception of time and a film?s:
a concentration of space and time such as can be achieved by the film (for example the representation, within a few seconds and by means of a few pictures, of the situation of a widely dispersed group of people, of a great city, an army, a war, an entire country) can never be within the reach of the spoken or written word. (Auerbach, 1991:546)
The interesting part for us is the phrase "a great city". In a few sequences a film can give you a version of the past far richer in detail than any history book in the same space of time. This paper will apply this idea to the tele-movie Blue Murder (1995), a quasi-fictional account of Sydney?s criminal milieu of the 1970s and 80s. Made in 1995 and screened on ABC TV in most parts of Australia shortly after, Blue Murder was not broadcast in NSW and the ACT until July 31, 2001. The 6-year delay was caused by a legal embargo placed on the mini-series because Neddy Smith, the main character depicted in the piece, was still on trial for the crimes the portrayed. We compareBlue Murder ?s representation of events in Sydney?s past with impressions of the present by visiting the haunts of the central characters and experiencing the space between representation and actual lived perception. This provides us with an insight into how the film?s narrative has compressed space and time; how Sydney?s past is recontextualised as a film and etched into the viewer?s consciousness, introducing a tension between depictions of the recent past, a vastly changed present and the fractured identity that results.
In the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, the media?s representation of crime in Sydney circled ravenously around a few key names, eager for the slightest sensation: Arthur "Neddy" Smith, Detective Sergeant Roger Rogerson, Christopher Dale Flannery and Sally Anne Huckstep among other colourful local identities and celebrities. The tales that projected these names into Sydney?s various public spheres were not only fed upon by the media but also by pub patrons. Neddy Smith, a leading criminal figure of the time, was careful to keep his face out of the media for years, yet was still regularly recognised in pubs all over the city, inner and outer suburbs. According to legend, he would walk in and, on the strength of his reputation, strangers queued to buy him drinks. But pubs were a changing environment in those days. It was a time of transformation with the pub where you went to drink, buy stolen goods or get in a fight slowly submitting to the will of today?s post-industrial patron, who goes to the pub to socialise after a hard day?s data shuffling at the office.
With this in mind, a trio of seasoned knowledge workers commenced their tour. We started our research at the Star Hotel in Chinatown. Its proximity to the ?labour mile? of Sussex Street made it a traditional NSW Labor Party drinking hole, frequented by various characters employed by the party and the unions. Presumably connections were made here between shady politicians, strong-arm unionists and criminals who shared their taste for power and action. In Neddy Smith?s book, Neddy (2002), this was one of a number of pubs around the inner city where he allegedly kept money in the safe, guns behind the bar and met associates with various relationships to NSW criminal law. It is also where he reputedly shot a man in the heart at point blank range, spraying the wall with his insides. Is this a place where my research associates and I want to be on a Friday night? Based on the reputation of events that happened at the Star Hotel in the late 80s, it would be very reasonable to assume that this place would be far too violent for proto-knowledge workers like us.
Traditionally Sydney pubs like this one characterised themselves as havens for the working man. Even when they were primarily patronised by politicians, they were still constructed around the ethos that authentic culture is built upon the efforts of the blue-collar worker. This could have something to do with the central myths of Australian national identity being based on the myth of the "bushman", who Ward described as:
a practical man, rough and ready in his manners and quick to decry any appearance of affectation in others. He is a great improviser, ever willing to "have a go" at anything, but willing too to be content with a task done in a way that is "near enough". Though capable of great exertion in an emergency, he normally feels no impulse to work hard without good cause. He swears hard and consistently, gambles heavily and often, and drinks deeply on occasion. (1965:1-2)
Traditionally, academic types like us were categorised in relation to this national identity. That is, not workers but endurable if we behaved according to the norms of the ethos and donned its garb when traversing its terrain, structures and language. This has become problematic in recent times. Theorists are saying we now exist in an information society ? a society refashioned by "the massive social impacts of new information technologies of computing and telecommunications" (Lyon, 1988:vii). They argue that these days "the engine of much of the dynamics of economic activity and the source of much of the growth of added economic value can be attributed to knowledge" (Stehr, 2004:212). According to these theorists, the growth of societies like Sydney are now dependent on the efforts of knowledge workers.
How is this shift reflected in the Star Hotel? The working class?s move away from city dwelling began in the 1960s as factories moved to the outer suburbs (or off-shore) to make room for white collar office space. During the 1970s and early 1980s, the Star would perhaps have been having an identity crisis; white collar patrons who weren?t sure if they identified with the worker ethos or with the new suburban bourgeoisie chic. An ideal environment for a fashionably dressed, gun slinging, heroin dealer like Neddy.
In 2004, it is just like any other corner pub in Sydney, cloned through the combined effects of licensing laws, random breath testing and property speculation. The main bar is dominated by the TAB and its flock of elevated TV screens and the pokies are in the next room. Jackpots flash, horses scurry around distant tracks and Friday night footy lurches across the plasma screens. The traditional working class pub fare of gambling and sport still dominate; all that has changed is the mode of delivery and its associated atmosphere. On the night we were there the crowd was part after-work suits and part pre-dinner restaurant patrons; a far cry from the pub mentioned in the book Nedd y. The man behind the bar looked like he?d seen some action but was extremely polite and professional. If you hadn?t read the book you wouldn?t know this space once oozed trouble. Now it felt hollowed out and sanitised like so many buildings in post-industrial Sydney.
We talked about the work ahead in excited though hushed voices. We had to be quiet because we couldn?t help using our favourite Blue Murder quotes and trying to imitate the character?s voices and we didn?t want to fulfil the Australian stereotype of "intellectuals" and look like wankers. These days residents of Sydney are very aware of the events with which we were trying to relate. Pub patrons still feed off stories about Neddy, The Dodger and "Abo" Henry, though in new ways. In the 1980s and early 1990s, each name stood alone and the (inevitably embellished) associated story was passed on by word-of-mouth, usually started by someone who actually witnessed the events. Now, the stories are packaged rather than muttered from increasingly toothless mouths. The names are inseparable. You can?t hear about Neddy or the Dodger without hearing about Lanfranchi, Abo or even Chopper. This particular historic field has been compressed by the film Blue Murder and other true crime narratives. The actual events have been plucked from what Carlyle called a "Chaos of Being" (in White, 1975:144), and crammed together with a poetic narrative. Blue Murder wasn?t the first attempt to make these events history but, to paraphrase Auerbach, because of the fact that it is a mini-series, it is by far the most efficient in reaching a large audience and therefore the most influential.
It is unlikely that most television audience members would consider Blue Murder a historical document. It is a "dramatisation" of events, based on books written by Neddy Smith and Michael Drury, an ex-policeman, neither noted historians and therefore, given the assumptions of the role of the historian in our society, incapable of relating objective fact. The audience would probably be unable to imagine these non-historians' tales as part of the normative history of their community. Yet the audience would also probably not be able to come up with a good explanation for why historians get a particular claim on the "truth" of the past. The conception of the historian as a person who stands outside of culture, politics and life, looks on objectively and then delivers measured, scientific interpretations of events is still very popular today. This positivist tradition developed in the mid-1800s when writers such as Ranke began to believe that "the task of the historian was ?simply to show how it really was?" (Carr, 1986:3); to impartially portray facts as they happened. This attitude ignores the idea that "portraying" an event implies a narrative shaping of some sort, an argument made by many writers since. However, judging by the emphasis the Australian media have placed on the "History Wars" since the early 1990s (and the fact that some "populist" historians can still make a living on alterations of the fabric of history, tailored to be happily consumed in the better suburban homes and retirement villages) the positivist version of historical consciousness still holds sway over most of the Australian TV audience and consequently reproduces itself in the productions made for it.
A misconception that is often associated with positivist historical consciousness holds that the historian should be an apolitical observer and that good history is that which can be shown to have not taken sides. This often seems to be regarded as "the common-sense view of history" (Carr, 1989:3-4). It is a misconception because this position is impossible and becomes simply a rhetorical trick to sell a particular point of view. As Hayden White puts it, there is an "irreducible ideological component in every historical account of reality" (1975:21). While the tradition holds that the historian has access to the "truth", many writers have argued convincingly that there are many truths; no one truth can be held up as the truest. Indeed, an analysis of a truth can reveal more about the person claiming it than the historical event itself.
Hayden White?s theories of historical narrative are very helpful in this analysis. White points out that history serves a poetic function in society rather than simply being the source of facts about the past. He postulates four principal modes of historical consciousness on the basis of the ideological intention which informs each of them: Metaphor, Synecdoche, Metonymy and Irony (metaphor is representational, synecdoche is integrative, metonymy is reductionist and irony is negational) (White, 1975:31-38). Each of these modes of consciousness serve as the basis of a linguistic protocol which is used to prefigure the historical field and provide strategies for interpretation.
The historian?s choice of narrative mode is largely an aesthetic one and White suggests this is the underlying poetic function of history. These narratives stem from the impulse in the historian to collect events into stories; to trace similarities between facts and imbue them with meaning. On the surface, Blue Murder seems to follow the conventions of a fictional tragedy. The main characters are brought to their downfalls by the very qualities which make them interesting. However, if we analyse it as a history, it is a good example of real events drawn together into a narrative cast in the ironic mode. It tells a story of Sydney?s past which superficially seems to celebrate some mythical characteristics of the audience?s community while bearing an underlying message of self-criticism. The main characters demonstrate many archetypal traits that the audience recognises from the historical discourse of what Benedict Anderson has called their "imagined community" (1991). This is any community large enough that a member could never come face to face with the majority of the other members. Applied to a historical representation presented to a TV audience this could lead to both broad and specific difference of interpretation within one community. Specifically, the discourse ethics of representing crime could vary from one part of Sydney to another (perhaps circumscribed by the rings left by a schooner glass on a tabloid paper, or a teacup on a broadsheet - either history being factual within the stain). However, on a broader level certain things can have a more unified appeal on a larger, national level.
Near the beginning of the film, as Ned is being released from Long Bay, he tells us in a voiceover that he had the dash to "go out and get his" while most of the other inmates in the prison were "shit men" who bludged on the dole and had no guts, no moral fibre. This is an appeal to Ward?s archetypal myth of Australian character, that is, male individualists with little respect for authority and enough courage and initiative to make it on their own in the world. Familiar with the myth through their consumption of media, the audience can identify with these traits and get the feeling that Ned is someone to be admired for his entrepreneurial spirit. The tragic part is that Ned applies his initiative and courage to selling heroin, armed robbery, pimping, drinking and fighting. This gives the audience the sense that if only Ned was not so misguided he could be a real asset to the community. It is ironic that these character strengths are also his weaknesses and lead to his final downfall. This mode of historical narrative ties the events together to form a story which ultimately carries the message, "crime doesn?t pay" accompanied by a sly, ironic wink that adds, "but we always had a good time".
We will now use an ironic historical consciousness to continue the story of our research pilgrimage?
We soon gave up on the thoroughly safe Star Hotel. The denizens were far too interested in the poker machines and TVs to present us with any distinct local character and even our Blue Murderesque banter had become boring. We decided to get some Chinese food. Chinese food is a recurring theme throughout Blue Murder andNeddy. It seems that whenever Rogerson and Smith got together for lunch it was at a Chinese restaurant. In one particular scene they are waiting for their meals to arrive while Ned is trying to convince the Dodger that he should help him beat some charges. The food is very slow in arriving and the ever dynamic Rogerson is impatient. "Christ I?m hungry", he says loudly, the sort of man who doesn?t need to wait quietly. We strode into BBQ King hoping for a similar scene.1 Kept waiting for our food, we would talk business loudly and bemoan the woeful service. It was not to be. We were served very quickly and then efficiently moved out as we finished to make way for more patrons. We tried a few Blue Murder quotes, started singing, "Hey diddle diddle", but there was no point. The regular BBQ King hubbub was too loud for us to hear ourselves and our hearts weren?t in it - the food was very nice and even if there had been anything to complain about we wouldn?t have had the dash. Were we shit-men?
After that we strolled down to The Rocks , headed for the oldest pub in Sydney, The Lord Nelson. Along the way, the changes the city had been through since the 1980s were very noticeable. The most obvious is the construction boom. Up and down Sussex Street and Kent Street there are road works and building sites in abundance. In the 1980s and the early 1990s (when the film was shot), almost every block had at least one giant hole, barricaded by the high white walls that permeate our older memories of the city. Another sign of the coming of the information age, green bans have been overturned and the green light has been given to property development.
We had an uneventful quick top-up in the empty Captain Cook and then entered the Nelson. This pub is mentioned quite often in Neddy as one of Smith?s favourite drinking spots. The Lord Nelson claims to be Sydney?s oldest pub and has been authentically refurbished to what it was like when it first opened its doors (www.lordnelson.com.au, cited 20.7.04). How this accounts for the giant television screens and the central heating we couldn?t work out, but they are a micro-brewery. Which means they produce their own "authentic" Sydney beer and sell it to you in pints. They embrace the Australian working class beer drinking tradition, which they themselves have been a big part of for Sydney workers for over 150 years, yet the cheapest pints cost at least seven dollars; they don?t have schooner glasses and, while they stock something called Quayle Ale, they don?t sell Tooheys New. The place was full of expensive suits and thirsty cultural researchers such as ourselves, low rent workers of the information age, could not afford to stay there for more than one drink. We?d run out of chat by then and our eyes couldn?t help being turned upwards by the TVs. Rugby Union instead of Rugby League. We tried to imagine a Neddy-style fight breaking out here: sweeping aside the life-sized cardboard Bundy Bear we?d grab an inflatable baseball bat from the Bacardi Cruiser promotions girl and lay into the accountants who?d come in with their top buttons fastened and ties unloosened. But there was too many of them so we backed down. And the atmosphere wasn?t right; by embracing the cultural mythos of Australia, the Lord Nelson has become "unAustralian". We didn?t know how long this had been happening here; some reports say since the mid 1970s and the factories were gone before then. Now there are fetta and olives where a packet of "salt and vinegar" would have done. An ironic tragedy.
This is a path that a lot of city pubs have gone down while Sydney has become an increasingly post-industrialised node of the information society. They give the appearance of embracing the discourse of the historic Sydney while actually focusing on a completely different clientele and raison d?être. In The Rise of the Network Society, Castells (2001:28-69) describes an information technology revolution that took place between the mid 1970s and the late 1990s (a timeframe which roughly coincides with Neddy Smith?s rise and fall as an icon of the near weightless economy of heroin). Similar to the two industrial revolutions (steam then electricity) its effects were pervasive. The invention and maturity of technological systems and methods of production based solely on information transference led to changes at every level of society, from work to family life to government to globalisation to crime and organised crime. Capitalism has undergone massive restructuring, financial markets have become global, information systems have redefined the third world and created the information poor, while, at the same time, the relationship between women and the workforce has changed the nature of the family and sexuality. The media has become more personalised and politics has become more mediated. The gap between the rich and poor is widening and whatever was in between is vanishing. Even vice is no longer what it was; you can catch a government bus to the casino, prostitutes pay tax and you can get a drink anywhere on Easter Sunday.
Life has changed to the extent that "in such a world of uncontrolled, confusing change, people tend to regroup around primary identities: religious, ethnic, territorial, national" (ibid.:3). Social meaning and the formation of identity has fragmented to the extent that it is has been reduced to the desire to find a map. People can no longer find meaning in the places where it has traditionally been: the mainstream church, work, unions etc. In the network society, "identity is always an open, complex, unfinished game? it always moved into the future through a symbolic detour through the past" (Hall, 1999:43). As Foucault put it, "a certain fragility has been discovered in the bedrock of existence" and we are seeing "an insurrection of subjugated knowledges" (1984:201). The audience for Blue Murder lives in this post-industrial information society and, because traditional conceptions of historical truth have been subtly undermined as much as other touchstones of identity, construction of its identity could be influenced by the portrayal of events in the film.
Our next port of call was a place that does not appear in Blue Murder or Neddy, the Triple Ace Bar on Elizabeth Street in Surry Hills. Why? Because we had heard a rumour that Roger Rogerson still drinks there. But instead of bloody noses, spilt beer and scattered teeth, some young Japanese backpackers were playing drinking games.
Despite what has already been written here, we do not feel some romantic longing for the return of pub culture of the 1980s. An article appeared in "The Heckler" section of The Sydney Morning Herald (April 10, 2002), bemoaning the atmosphere and décor of the current white collar pub (or worse, the McDonaldized Irish chain pub), longing for the old days and concluding that " given a choice of drinking buddies I'd take Neddy Smith over the Corrs any day". We are not of the same opinion. The last person we would like to meet in a pub is a drug dealing, murderer who would beat you senseless if you looked at him the wrong way. But the chance to see the real, ?unrepresentational? as it were, Rogerson in the flesh would give us the final link in the theoretical hand-cuffs. To the viewing audience Rogerson is Roxborough, a man who cries when he reminisces about the show-down between Ray Kelly, a NSW police force legend, and Chow Hayes, an uber-criminal of earlier times. We wanted to know how the style of discourse which shaped Blue Murder has affected the man himself.
Sadly, he wasn?t there. The place is more TAB than pub and beige tiles predominate. The bistro was closed, though the restaurant upstairs looked interesting; hard to find anything else to say about the place. If he does drink there we couldn?t see the attraction. In fact, this was becoming central to our conversation. Apparently we are what writers such as Charles Leadbetter have called, "knowledge workers" (1999:1-2). That is, educated people with ideas who can work from anywhere, any time as long as they have a computer. Certainly, we?re the information rich, the only problem being that this hasn?t translated into the associated capital promised by Castells, Leadbetter and others. Is it just us who feel left out of the Sydney pub scene; who don?t feel at home in either the poker machine dominated, TAB bars or the boutique, chrome lined micro-breweries?
Manning Clark wrote that, by the 1980s:
all that seemed to survive was the idea of Australia as a place of "uncommonly large profit". History has blurred the vision of Eden, allowing Mammon to infest the land. A turbulent emptiness seized the people as they moved into a post-Christian, post-Enlightenment era. No one any longer knew the direction of the river of life. No one had anything to say?. (1987:500)
As mentioned earlier, the traditional areas of identification don?t hold as much sway as they used to and people have to look for new icons to cling to. Perhaps this is where Neddy and Rogerson fit in. Iconic 1980s men Rogerson, Mark "Chopper" Read and Warwick Capper do speaking tours at pubs around Australia that are equally popular at the Bridge Hotel in Balmain and Rooty Hill RSL. If the gaps between social strata are becoming bigger then Rogerson, Neddy and other elements from Sydney?s past could be some sort of common denominator. After all, Blue Murder was made with an audience in mind. Even though it was broadcast on a non-commercial station it still had to speak to a public. This effects the style of the discourse behind the relating of its tale. Its narrative potentially shapes to some degree the way the audience constructs its sense of community identity. This in turn has an influence on the way Sydney represents itself in the present and in what it is becoming. There are already cricket clubs from other states that plan their end of season trips around visiting pubs featured in Blue Murder. How long before the gangster chic becomes "the Blue Murder Theme Pub � ", perhaps staffed by the rogues? gallery of Australian actors who bought the characters to life?
The last pub on the official research crawl was the Random Bar . Before it was the Random Bar it was the Brendan Behan Hotel and before that, the Britannia. It was outside the Britannia, on the corner of Dangar Place and Abercrombie Street, where Roger Rogerson allegedly shot and killed Warren Lanfranchi. We walked up Dangar Place to see what it was like. In the 1980s it was an alley between disused factories, deserted relics of a blue collar past. In our imaginations an industrial wilderness, deserted as the gangsters face off and a plastic bag blows across the scene. Now it?s an alley between apartment buildings with washing hanging from balcony railings.
Inside, the Random Bar looks like a fading B movie actress, a decade or two post-prime, who has had one too many naïve facelifts. It?s going for a techno chic with its unbearably loud DJ and giant, anatomically correct statue of a lion. But, again, it wasn?t us and it definitely didn?t seem very Rogerson. Unlike the lion, he wasn?t all show - he had what it took. We tried to discuss issues of vital importance to our research ? is the only unAustralian crime disorganised crime? Would criminals like Neddy Smith, so hands on in his love of armed robbery, bother with it all today in an age of ATMs and credit cards? Has the information age?s electronic funds transaction dried up the loose cash he used to gain so much pleasure from violently stealing? Even his heroin trade would have taken a slide in popularity as party drugs took over. Where would we go to kick on? Where should we go to lose the ambivalence this mission had created in us? Were we shit-men or just alienated by an overly commercial pub scene?
We stumbled down to the Lansdowne as our last port of call. Assaulted by a wall of industrial metal as we entered, we climbed the staircase to relative quiet. A few chairs perched on the landing at the top of the stairs next to a baby grand. We sat down to catch our breath. Andrew opened the lid on the piano and found the thing was roughly in tune. We knew he could play so we demanded he do so to soothe our disturbed psyches. He played for about ten minutes ? sparse, bluesy improvisation, capturing our mood perfectly. Then he paused for a moment and applause came from round the corner where the bar was, followed shortly by the bartender. "Thank you, that was beautiful" she said, "but you?ll have to go downstairs, we?re closing up here."
The way we represent the past, the style of discourse we use, inevitably becomes the way we look at the present. As Auerbach put it, "a change in our manner of viewing history will of necessity soon be transferred to our manner of viewing current conditions" (1991:443). As Nietzsche points out, humans are not a fixed form; they change constantly with the times because "there are no eternal facts, nor are there any absolute truths" (1994:15). As subjugated histories gain influence the power of mainstream history becomes fragmented and leaves a space for changes in the way we represent the past. Films like Blue Murder can therefore change the way we view the present. While it is a representation of Sydney that clearly reinforces traditional, "universal" Western moral norms, the audience can now only receive these messages with a sense of self-critical irony. Consequently, the only element of this film that actually has an effect on the present self-awareness of Sydney is its narrative mode. Present representations of the identity of Sydney?s "imagined community", effected by the film, become ironic and self-critical and, as a result, the pubs (and perhaps social areas in general, whether physical or virtual) become increasingly detached from any actual use value. They are more preoccupied with selling an image than creating a comfortable social space for people to consume alcohol. That is, alienation takes place. And this was the point our discussion reached at the Random Bar: how can you have alienation in an information society characterised by fragmentation where there is no unified subject? But we were too drunk by then to figure it out.
Acknowledgements
- The authors would like to thank Andrew Keese for his ideas, encouragement, piano playing and rounds at the bar and Amaya for giving us a lift home.
References
Anderson, B. (1991) Imagined Communities, Verso: London
Auerbach, E. (1991) Mimesis: The Representation of R eality in Western Literature, Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey
Carr, E. H. (1986) What is History?, The Macmillan Press: London
Castells, M. (2001) The Rise of the Network Society, Blackwell: Oxford
Foucault, M. (1984) ?The Juridical Ap paratus? in Connolly, W.E. (ed) Legitimacy and the State, Blackwell: Oxford
Hall, S. (1999) ?Culture, Community, Nation? in Boswell, D. & J. Evans (eds) Representing the Nation: A Reader, Routledge: London
Hobsbawm, E. (1999) On History, Abacus: London
Leadbetter, C. (1999) Living on Thin Air: The New Economy, Penguin: London
Lyon, D. (1988) The Information Society: Issues and Illusions, Polity Press: Cambridge
Nietzsche, F. (1994) Human, All Too Human, Penguin: London
Smith, A. S. (2002) Neddy, with Tom Noble, Noble House Enterprises: Victoria
Stehr, N. (2004) "The Economic Structure of Knowledge Societies" in The Information Society Reader, Webster, F. (ed), Routledge: London
The Heckler, (2002) "The Pub With No Cheer", The Sydney Morning Herald, April 10, 2002
Ward, R. (1965) The Australian Legend, Oxford University Press: Melbourne
White, H. (1975) Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe, Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, Maryland
1 BBQ King itself was recently associated with the new crime of the 21 st century. Its co-owner was kidnapped by two Chinese nationals seeking a ransom from the other respected and successful owners.
http://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/C498098?mainTabTemplate=workFilmDetails
PRODUCERS:
Rod Allan (Producer)
Errol Sullivan (Executive Producer)
Penny Chapman (Executive Producer)
Wayne Barry (Associate Producer)
PRODUCTION COMPANIES:
Southern Star Entertainment
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
FINANCE ORGANISATIONS:
Australian Film Finance Corporation
DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY:
Martin McGrath
EDITORS:
Bill Russo
PRODUCTION DESIGNERS:
Murray Picknett
COMPOSER:
Peter Best
CAST:
Richard Roxburgh (Roger Rogerson), Tony Martin (Arthur 'Neddy' Smith), Steve Bastoni (Michael Drury), Gary Day (Bill Crofton), Steve Jacobs (Mal Rivers), Peter Phelps (Abo Henry), Marcus Graham (Alan Williams), Alex Dimitriades (Warren Lanfranchi), Bill Hunter (Angus McDonald), Gary Sweet (Christopher Dale Flannery), John Hargreaves (Chester Porter QC), Ian Bliss (Bobby Chapman), Stephen Eley (Duty Sergeant), Richard Carter (Lyail Chandler), Joy Smithers (Debra Smith), Eleni Batley (Jaime Smith), Dion Mihajlovsky (Darrin Smith), Bruce Barry (Commissioner Abbott), Bogdan Koca (Lewis Roussos), Loene Carmen (Sallie-Anne Huckstepp), Ray Martin (Himself), Anthony Cogin (Steve Paully), Phillip Hinton (Ian Barker QC), Nicole Pottinger (Melinda Rogerson), Brigitte Lawson (Gillian Rogerson), Kris Bidenko (Joy Rogerson), Jim Holt (Brian Alexander), Jeffrey Rhoe, Jack Mayers, John Jarratt, Graham Rouse, Laurie Foel, Robert Morgan, Frank Violi, Peter Sommerfeld, Brendan Higgins, Tom Appleton, David Baldwin, Warwick Moss, Paul Sonkkila, Terrie Bowie, Skye Wansey, Aaron Jeffery, Marshall Napier, Erin Smith, Jake Blundell, John McNeill, Vincent Ball, Michael O'Neill, John Sheerin, Stephen O'Rourke, Geoff Morrell, Kristoffer Greaves, Sascha Huckstepp, Stephen Leeder, Ron Graham, Les Dayman, John Walton, Dennis Miller, Bryan Marshall, Neil Moora, Mervyn Drake, Barry Donnelly, Ricky Noble, Damian Monk, David Franklin, Ken Radley.
RELEASE DATES:
1. Episode one aired in Australia on ABC Television on 14 September 1995, with episode two airing on 21 September, except for NSW (see note below). The mini-series also aired in Croatia (27 December 1997) and Portugal (28 April 1999).
2. Released on videocassette and DVD formats in 2000 by REEL Corporation.
LOCATION:
Filmed largely on location in Sydney.
AWARDS:
Australian Film Institute (AFI) Awards (1996) Best Television Mini Series or Telefeature - Rod Allan (winner)
Logie Awards (1996) Most Outstanding Achievement in Drama Production (winner)
Logie Awards (1996) Silver Logie, Most Outstanding Actor - Richard Roxburgh (winner)
Logie Awards (1996) Silver Logie, Most Popular Actor - Gary Sweet (nomination)
NOTES:
1. Also known as Corrupção E Morte (Portugal).
2. Due to elements of the story being seen as prejudicial to legal trials in NSW and Federal Courts, the series was unable to be broadcast in New South Wales or to be distributed on video until 2000. It was eventually allowed to be broadcast when the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) decided to drop charges against Neddy Smith over a 1983 murder.
http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/special_eds/CrimeSpecial2010/crime/
http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/s614583.htm
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
FOUR CORNERS
Investigative TV journalism at its best
Police Chronology 1994-2001
View events in the NSW Police Force since the Wood Royal Commission began in 1994.
1994 |
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May |
Justice James Wood is appointed Commissioner of the Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service ('WRC'). |
1996 |
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June |
Peter Ryan is appointed NSW Police Commissioner. |
August |
Peter Ryan is sworn in, promising to nail the bent coppers and get rid of the hierarchy. |
Sep. 1 |
Peter Ryan's first day on the job. |
November |
The Wood Royal Commission announces its Interim recommendations:
|
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Ryan outlines his vision for the service. He comments that the service is driven by fear which causes officers to lie and cheat and perjure themselves rather than admit simple mistakes. He states that he wants more police on the streets as a lack of supervision was largely responsible for the corruption. |
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2,000 police march on Parliament House to protest against Ryan's new powers under the Police Reform Act which includes the authority to remove officers based on a "loss of the Commissioner's confidence". |
Dec. 16 |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan backs down by agreeing not to use his new powers to sack corrupt officers retrospectively. |
1997 |
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January |
The Police Integrity Commission (PIC) opens for business. |
March |
Ryan axes the Special Branch. |
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WRC Public hearings end. |
April |
Justice Wood resigns as Commissioner of the PIC. |
May |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan announces plans to sack 200 disgraced police. |
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Final report of the WRC released with 174 recommendations on how to end the culture of corruption. |
June 28 |
Ron Levi is shot by officers Rodney Podesta and Anthony Dilorenzo on Bondi Beach. |
December |
Internal Affairs Operation Gymea, an investigation of the elite Task Force Bax which had been set up to clean up Kings Cross and the police service's image, culminates in the release of damning evidence at the PIC. |
1998 |
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February |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan says 109 officers had been dismissed after being identified as inept or corrupt by the WRC, the PIC or Internal Affairs. |
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Ryan sacks 19 officers, 18 of whom are alleged to have committed drug offences or stealing offences. |
March |
The State Coroner concludes the inquest into Ron Levi's death and finds that the 2 officers have a case to answer. The Director of Public Prosecutions declines to proceed. |
May |
NSW Police Minister Paul Whelan says 99% of the 172 recommendations in the WRC final report have been implemented or are close to being implemented. |
|
The NSW Ombudsman reveals that 380 officers have been targeted for dismissal for alleged corruption, misconduct and incompetence. |
June |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan announces plans to introduce random drug testing for police officers. |
August |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan decides on a backlog of 300 cases of alleged misconduct. 12 officers (4%) are sacked, 75 officers (25%) resign or are declared medically unfit. |
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Sydney criminal Neddy Smith tells of his 'green light' while giving evidence at his murder trial. |
September |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan receives from Internal Affairs (IA) a fresh list of 100 officers whose careers are in jeopardy following IA investigations into alleged serious breaches of conduct including corruption. |
November |
The NSW Ombudsman Annual Report details 5000 complaints against the police service and 110 criminal charges against police officers in the previous 12 months. |
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NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan admits there was "some truth" to reports that weapons handed in during the guns back-back scheme had been stolen by police officers and sold to gangs or turned in again for money. The investigation into the matter is called Task Force Majorca. |
December |
The Police Integrity Commission Annual Report says the first half of the financial year saw a near doubling of complaints against police alleging attempts to pervert the course of justice. |
1999 |
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January |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan admits in an interview with Britain's Daily Mail that "we are not winning on the drugs front" and that drugs are the "root of most crime". |
February |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan signs a new contract making him Australia's highest paid public servant. |
Feb-March |
The Police Integrity Commission (PIC) holds hearings into the use and sale of illegal drugs by serving and former police. |
March |
The Police Service allows public access to their Special Branch dossiers. |
April |
Superintendent Ray Adams retires from Kings Cross command after spending two years trying to clean it up. Adams admits that although crime rates are down that the drug scourge "remains unanswered". |
August |
NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan sends a memo to every station in NSW advising that Cabramatta and other key commands have been downgraded. |
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5000 officers participate in a survey to gauge the progress of anti-corruption reform. |
October |
On the eve of the Police Integrity Commission (PIC) hearing into the Roni Levi shooting, Rodney Podesta admits in Sydney local Court to dealing in cocaine. |
November |
Police in inner and south-western suburbs begin a "go slow" over staffing shortfalls. |
2000 |
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May |
A Police Integrity Commission (PIC) audit finds that internal police investigations are "biased", pursued with less vigour than criminal investigations, and that more than a quarter of internal inquiries into complaints against police were "unsatisfactory": only 7% included checks on an officer's history of complaints; juniors investigated seniors and officers often investigated colleagues working in the same area. The PIC criticised decisions not to investigate 43.5% of complaints as "unreasonable" where the offences involved were stealing, corruption, drinking and drug use. |
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The Sydney Morning Herald reports that a quarter of NSW's police patrols are officially without leaders. The Police Service advertises for 18 local area commanders and 960 vacant sergeants positions. The Police Service says the vacancies are due to "retirements, promotions and other changed circumstances". |
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An undercover Internal Affairs (IA)detective investigating crooked police in drug trafficking and gang warfare is arrested and charged with firearm and drugs offences. |
July |
The Upper House Committee inquiry into police resources at Cabramatta is announced. |
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Police Minister Paul Whelan and the police service confirm that an investigation into serious misconduct at Goulburn Police Academy had been going on for "some time". |
August |
The Police Integrity Commission (PIC) raises concerns in a report to Parliament that up to 50 officers are still moonlighting in risky areas such as the liquor, gaming and security industries. |
Oct-Dec |
The Police Integrity Commission (PIC) hears in camera evidence on claims that antagonistic senior officers are killing the reform process. |
November |
A draft of NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan's manifesto, Future Directions 2001-2005 is leaked to the Sydney Morning Herald and published on the Internet. |
December |
The Police Integrity Commission (PIC) expresses "concern and disappointment" at unsatisfactory police response to anti-corruption proposals. |
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NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan reshuffles 16 senior police. Assistant Commissioners Clive Small (Crime Agencies) and Mal Brammer (Internal Affairs & Special Crimes) are relieved of their posts and transferred to field commands. |
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The Sydney Morning Herald reports that a leaked Internal Affairs report Operation Radium confirms officers have rorted the promotion system by circulating the lists of interview questions. |
2001 |
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February |
QSARP, a wide-ranging audit of the NSW Police Service, is released. It is critical of the reform process saying that although "some real progress had been achieved" it was "systematically limited", fragmented, patchy, slow and in some areas had come to a halt. It disagrees with NSW Police Commissioner Peter Ryan's view that reform is near completion and criticises Ryan for a vision "which does not address the key themes developed in the recommendations of the Royal Commission". Ryan rejects the report saying it is 12 months old and narrow in focus. |
March |
The Cabramatta Inquiry censures Police Minister Paul Whelan for interfering and for calling for the Inquiry's termination. |
|
Officers at Cabramatta vote unanimously to support Detective Sergeant Tim Priest's evidence on drug and gang activity but stop short on his claims about management ignoring reports on gang crime. |
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Christine Nixon is appointed Commissioner of Victorian Police. |
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One of the officers at the scene of the fatal shooting of Jim Hallinan from Tumut faces dismissal after testing positive to cannabis after the shooting. |
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The drugs case against Richard Gordon Tyler is adjourned after the court is told that an officer in the Internal Affairs unit may have lied to judges while applying for listening devices for a sting operation. |
March |
NSW Premier Bob Carr announces a reversal of the 1999 Cabramatta downgrade. |
May |
Police Minister Paul Whelan says police fabricated evidence to obtain convictions in "countless cases" and announces plans to establish an innocence panel in January 2002 to review suspect convictions. |
June |
The Police Integrity Commission recommends tough random drug testing be introduced immediately in a scathing report on the shooting of Ron Levi. It finds "compelling reasons" to broaden action over officers using drugs. |
July |
Two senior commanders and five officers from Internal Affairs are stood down while being investigated on charges of perverting the course of justice. It is alleged that the officers lied to the Supreme Court to get search warrants and permission to install listening devices to be used in an ultimately botched sting operation/integrity test to trap young officers. |
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NSW Premier Bob Carr rebukes police leadership saying they had taken their eye off the ball in dealing with drug-related violent crime in Cabramatta. |
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The report of the Upper House Inquiry is released. It finds deficiencies in policing in Cabramatta are a direct result of the police service's failure to communicate with locals and the senior officers' failure to listen to front-line officers. It finds buck passing, mismanagement and low morale in front line officers and that drug related crimes ran out of control while the service instructed officers to focus on keeping crime statistics and normal suburban crime. |
August |
Tapes played at the Police Integrity Commission show Inspector Robert Menzies received confidential information about prospective questions from Senior Constable Graham Kel after the latter's interview for sergeant and before Menzies' interview for duty officer. |
September |
The Carr Government ramps up sentences for gang-related crime. 16 new offences or tougher sentences are introduced in three weeks. |
|
The Carr Government announces that it will make false complaints against a police officer a crime |
http://crj.sagepub.com/content/7/4/443.abstract
In 1997, the Wood Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service concluded that a state of `systemic and entrenched corruption' existed in the police organization. Major reforms were introduced in the wake of the Commission, including the appointment of a new Police Commissioner, organizational restructuring, a complete revamp of recruit education, as well as increased monitoring and accountability. The magnitude and scope of the Commission's reform programme was bold and ambitious by international standards. This article takes stock of the impact of the Commission 10 years after the publication of its Final Report. Drawing on interviews with key informants, official reports and other documentary sources, the article analyses the activities of the Commission, the intentions of its recommendations and the implementation and consequences of reform. The lessons of the NSW experience are salutary not only for understanding the vagaries of police reform, they also demonstrate the complex relationship between police organizations and the volatile political environments in which they increasingly need to operate.
8th International Anti-Corruption Conference
The Papers
Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service
The Hon. Justice James Wood
Supreme Court New South Wales
Sydney, Australia
http://www.8iacc.org/papers/jwood.html
1.1 The Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service was established in May 1994, with broad terms of reference into the existence of corruption within the Service, the efficacy of its Internal Informants program and of its internal Affairs Branch. It delivered two interim reports recommending urgent change in the internal investigation structure, and in the Disciplinary/Dismissal procedures, followed by a Final Report released in May 1997.
1.2 Along the way, it established a significant multi disciplinary task force, carried out proactive current investigations involving extensive physical and electronic surveillance, and public hearings at which suspect officers were examined on oath both in relation to their policing activities, and financial means.
1.3 These examinations were conducted with the aid of sophisticated financial and intelligence analysis, and were based on the Commission's own inquiries and on information derived pursuant to arrangements made under law, or with the agreement of a large range of government and private agencies and organisations, and also as the result of the exercise of its statutory powers to compel the provision of information, to execute searches under warrant, and the like
1.4 What then were the results of the Commission?
2.1 The Commission very quickly found its way beyond the positive reassurances, given by Senior Command at the commencement of its public hearings, that the Service was free of entrenched or systemic corruption. It did so via the "roll over" of a very experienced detective. That officer had been exposed to corruption very early in his career, and found it replicated in every subsequent posting, particularly when working in drug law enforcement. He was deployed by the Commission to work under cover for approximately six months, and gathered evidence of the reception of bribe money from the vice operators and drug dealers who had been paying his group for years, and of the sharing of that money with other senior detectives.
2.2 Once his role was revealed, other detectives who had worked with him, or in similar areas, progressively roiled over and admitted their involvement in corruption and serious misconduct, despite having denied any wrongdoing when first called as witnesses. Some of those detectives agreed to act undercover before publicly admitting their guilt, and so the net expanded, first at Kings Cross, then through other squads and other regions. They also carried with them a number of criminals who similarly, after initial sworn denials of participation in corruption, confessed their involvement and supplied valuable information as to the networks, and the nature and extent of corruption involved, both of the conventional kind and that referred to as "process" or "noble cause" corruption.
2.3 The continuous supply of information, and the availability of formerly corrupt detectives prepared to work undercover, to wear listening devices, and to meet criminals and other corrupt police in controlled situations, produced a dramatic ripple effect and widening of the pool of corruption exposed. It also created an aura of uncertainty and a lowered resistance on the part of some, although not by any means all, of the corrupt police identified.
2.4 The forms of corruption occurring on a regular basis, admitted by police who rolled over and assisted the Commission, or who acknowledged their guilt when confronted with covertly recorded evidence, or with the confessions of their associates, or with damning analyses of their financial affairs, included the following:
2.5 The forms of corruption found were not surprising - what was surprising was the extent of their existence, and the areas into which they had penetrated. Perhaps the most disturbing disclosures related to the activities of an elite joint Commonwealth-State Task Force on Drug Trafficking. This was a Force comprised of detectives of supposedly high calibre, integrity and experience, hand chosen from the New South Wales Police Service and the Australian Federal Police, supported with the best available resources and tasked with targeting high level drug dealers. Although it achieved a high conviction rate, it quickly became a hotbed of corruption, and there were strong suggestions that participation in corrupt practices became a rite of passage.
2.6 A further disturbing feature was the suggestion from a number of officers that having been recruited into corrupt practices in their early years, they expected that on attaining Commissioned rank, they would by and large leave such practices behind. The understanding was that they should allow others to reap their share of corrupt rewards, that they should not be too anxious to detect or target them, and that they should only respond, (and then somewhat savagely) when someone was caught out in corrupt conduct that could not be covered up. It is the presence of this feature which makes the fight against corruption from within so difficult. It represents a double standard that creates an impossible position for young police, because of:
2.7 The strength of this culture was seen in the limited success of an amnesty offered to police for a closed period at the end of 1995. Save for offences of the most serious kind an indemnity from prosecution was offered to corrupt police in return for their resignation, and commitment to assist the Royal Commission, and other relevant law enforcement agencies. Although advantage was taken of this opportunity by some police, including some detectives who were able to further expand the knowledge of the Commission into areas of organised corruption, many stood back in the face of their inevitable exposure. They were quite unable to explain their reluctance to seize the olive branch offered, which could keep them out of gaol, other than to identify the instinctive institutional reaction to any form of internal inquiry, drummed into them over years of service.
2.8 It is this institutional response, and the traditional respect offered to a class of detective, (the "metro cop") seen as a hard officer, knowledgeable in the ways of the city, fraternising closely with organised crime figures, providing protection or favours for some (often the most powerful) and maintaining a degree of order through those associations but personally profiting through information supporting arrests and subsequent promotion for ostensibly meritorious (but in fact corrupt) service, or through bribes and other services, which has to be the focus of attack. The hope is that it can be replaced by a culture which values professionalism, recognises that turning a blind eye to corrupt practice is as bad as active involvement, rewards those who demonstrate integrity, and emphasises the need for commitment to the true role of policing.
3.1 Corruption does not emerge suddenly. By its nature it is spawned in stealth, and only grows in a climate in which it is comfortable. There is precedent of it being a cyclical phenomenon, both locally and overseas. It is capable of being arrested, but it is equally capable of regenerating, and sometimes in forms, and to an extent, that is even more malignant than before.
3.2 So it was with the New York City Police Department when in the 1970's the Knapp Commission discovered widespread corruption of the systemic or institutionalised kind, in which a blind eye was turned to the breach of a wide variety of laws at a local level, in return for payments shared on a formalised basis between patrol officers, detectives, supervisors and commanders. By 1994, the Mollen Commission of Inquiry found a new and more insidious form of corruption infecting parts of the city, particularly in high crime precincts with an active narcotics trade. Rather than police taking money to accommodate criminals by closing their eyes to illegal activities, they were now seen as acting as criminals themselves, especially in connection with the drug trade.
3.3 This was precisely what we found in New South Wales, despite several earlier inquiries and Royal Commissions that had looked into the Service.
Why does this occur? The reasons are several.
The Crime Control Justification
3.4 There had been long term tolerance in New South Wales of victimless crime in the form of SP betting, gaming, vice and unlicensed sales of liquor. The traditional justification for such tolerance, and for the willingness of police to accept payments for turning a blind eye, was that by allowing a chosen few to continue, such activities could be kept within acceptable limits. Further, it was assumed that they caused no great harm, in a city the size of Sydney, for which a reputation for a degree of raciness and character did no harm. This excuse conveniently overlooked the compromise of individual integrity, and the cynicism it breeds at all levels of the Police Service. Officers who see crime untouched, or who are thwarted from targeting certain areas, naturally assume the worst in their commanders, and become reluctant to report corruption. The message that goes out is simple and obvious protection can be secured, and it is dangerous to question it.
Dumping Grounds
3.5 Another problem that emerged within the New York City Police Department was shared by the New South Wales Police Force the tendency to create dumping grounds for the misfits, the malcontents, and the incompetent or less disciplined officers, in high corruption areas, and then by some form of twisted logic to use them to "blood" trainees as quickly as possible into the hard realities of policing. Inevitably, police who believed that they have been dumped in such a location will develop a perverted pride in their unsavoury reputation, and then act it out. So it was in NSW. Many young police were tested out for their preparedness to succumb to temptation, and to support the culture of loyalty to their colleagues, in environments such as this.
Preservation of the Reputation of the Service
3.6 Another important circumstance, similarly shared with the NYCPD, has been the institutionalised pressure to suppress, or contain, the disclosure of corruption in the belief that this is in the best interests of the Service so far as its reputation and morale are concerned. A poor external reputation, so it is believed, will worry the public, reduce it's co-operation and trust, and empower criminals. This kind of philosophy came to be expressed in a number of ways, each of which was inimical to corruption prevention. They included:
This kind of attitude is an inevitable recipe for collapse of command responsibility for the maintenance of integrity, and for reinforcement of the "them and us" culture that encourages a defensive mentality. It sends a very powerful message to the ranks not only that the rhetoric to which they are exposed in this respect is empty, but that the opposite is what is truly expected. It is an attitude that needs to be stood on its head, but also one that requires a degree of public education. The Service, the media, and politicians need to be convinced that the uncovering of corruption by the Service, is not necessarily evidence of bad management or integrity problems. Rather, it can be seen as evidence that the system is working, and that there is a brake being applied to problems that would otherwise fester and multiply before the inevitable scandal erupted.
The Police Culture and its Code of Silence
3.7 Woven in and around ail of these problems has been the culture that is so much the part of any Police Service. It is inevitable that it develop within any group that faces the dangers and difficulties of policing. It is a vocation in which its members come to socialise and depend on each other both on and off the job. It is one in which in times of crisis, heavy reliance needs to be placed on the loyalty and immediate response of fellow officers. Many of the work experiences cannot readily be shared with outsiders, and tension is often broken in ways that might not be seen in other circles to be politically correct.
In dealing with criminals, and the less savoury elements of society, friendship, respect, and courtesy are not always returned and it is easy to view the environment as hostile. It is also easy for police to feel that the value of their work is not appreciated by the public and that the latter are far too ready to complain about minor matters.
Inevitably, in these circumstances police will band together, and develop an intensive group loyalty. This loyalty is entirely positive if employed in the interests of legitimate policing, but it can easily be distorted, when called in aid by the corrupt.
3.8 It is the insidious pressure of this negative aspect of the culture that has most inhibited the attempts of the Service to combat corruption. Officer after officer told us about it, and of the fears they held if known to be a "give up". These extended to being:
These officers informed us of the expectation that their reputation for breaching the code of silence would never leave them, and that as a misfit they would eventually be forced out of the Service, or effectively frozen in a meaningless job at their current rank.
3.9 Unfortunately this is an aspect of the culture that has been shared by the honest and corrupt alike, and it is one that has to be targeted as vigorously as any other aspect in the reform process, because:
Moreover, it breeds a kind of cynicism, a feeling of disempowerment, and an erosion of pride, in those honest police who despise the corrupt members of the Service and silently hope they could be removed from their ranks.
The Nature of the job
3.10 It cannot be gainsaid that for some the nature of the job is corrupting. The powers Entrusted to police to carry arms use force and even take lives in hopefully rare circumstances, to inquire into deep and dark secrets, to eavesdrop on private conversations, and to deprive citizens of their liberty, are very substantial powers. Conversely with their significance, they are most often exercised by the younger and less experienced officers working at street level, than they are by commanders with the wisdom of age and experience. Moreover, they are exercisable in circumstances where the opportunities for temptation and corruption are often very high. If those opportunities are available, as they have been, in an environment where training in integrity and ethics is lacking, where first line supervision is poor, and where the risk of detection and successful prosecution or severance from the Service are low, then it is little wonder that many police have succumbed.
Process Corruption
3.11 The circumstances that have allowed process corruption to develop are complex, and its study is complicated by the fact that often the truly corrupt rely upon the more altruistic reasons for its adoption, as an excuse or mask for their venality. In its various forms of perjury, planting of evidence, falsification of documents, forced confessions, violence and even theft of drugs or money, it tends to be explained by reference to:
3.12 While the superficial attraction of some of these arguments cannot be ignored, the reality is that as often as process corruption has been the result of "honourable" motives, it has also been engendered by black motives.
Whatever the motivation, experience shows that there is even greater reluctance to reveal this form of corruption because of the numbers of persons potentially involved, and its acceptance as a reality of policing.
3.13 The problems that have emerged from this form of corruption, most of which have probably been unappreciated by those who have resorted to it, are manifold:
Failure of Supervision and Command Accountability
3.14 Absent real supervision, and accountability by commanders and supervisors for failure to identify and deal with corrupt practices, and action from Senior Command that matches rhetoric, the development of entrenched corruption is inevitable. Part of the problem in this regard is the lack of any real sense of responsibility by local supervisors and commanders who take the view that corruption control should be left to internal Affairs.
The problem is compounded when this is associated with a lack of willingness on the part of Internal Affairs to share the burden, and to pass on relevant information to local commanders and supervisors. While this in part can be attributed to the need for operational security, it does mean that a valuable resource can be frozen out of the circuit. After all it is the local supervisor and commander who should be best placed to know what going on, to observe and to report tell tale signs of corruption.
If wilfully blind to their duty they should be held accountable; if effective in detecting corrupt practices they should be recognised. Yet typically in Police Services that have a corruption problem, the performance of commanders and supervisors in the area of corruption is rarely the subject of critical assessment or review. Nor is corruption accepted as a Service wide problem.
4.1 This was a critical question for the Commission, since there was an elaborate structure in place, designed to detect and punish corruption.
That structure involve a combination of internal investigation by the Police Service, and civilian oversight through the Independent Commission Against Corruption (the ICAC) and the Office of the Ombudsman.
Internal Investigations
4.2 A number of factors contributing to the limited success of internal investigations were identified, including:
4.3 Each of the ICAC and Ombudsman has undertaken valuable inquiries leading to significant reports on specific matters of concern, and on corruption prevention and education measures. The ability of these agencies to contribute significantly to any fight against corruption in the period preceding the Royal Commission was, however, limited by:
4.4 Such greater success that the Royal Commission enjoyed, can be attributed to a number of factors, including:
4.5 Additionally, it had the advantage of being able to conduct investigations and hearings on an inquisitorial basis, unconfined by the technical rules governing hearings based on the adversarial system, or by the criminal standard of proof.
5.1 A range of strategies has been developed which may be briefly mentioned. They include:
6.1 Among the benefits hoped for by these initiatives is the acceptance by all Police that they will lead to a better Service, in which each officer has a real responsibility and opportunity to be involved in management, and to behave according to proper standards. This it is believed will lead to greater job satisfaction and to the opening up of new career opportunities.
6.2 A message has gone out to police disenchanted with the notions of integrity, professionalism, work, and zero tolerance for corrupt colleagues and practices, that there is simply no place for them. What must be accepted is the fact that corruption and wilful ineptitude or lack of commitment are incompatible with the special powers and privileges that attach to policing. Those not capable of meeting the necessary standard cannot be hidden in a modern Service. They are a danger to the public and to other police, and they either lower the standards of others, or ferment disaffection.
6.6 It is not possible to predict the future. However, what has been universally recognised is the imperative for change, and the need to break the cycle of corruption, scandal, inquiry and reform, and return to corruption. That cycle has been shared by many Police Services, and New South Wales has not been an exception to it, having undergone scrutiny through several Commissions of Inquiry and investigations.
6.7 The difference in the present case has been the much broader scope of the present Royal Commission, and its adoption of a proactive and current investigative approach, that was very different from the earlier and more traditional Commissions of Inquiry which were entirely reactive, or historic, in their approach.
6.8 While time alone will tell, there is reason for cautious optimism, and hopefully an end to the form of entrenched or systemic corruption which came to be accepted in the past and which has now been exposed.
http://www.aic.gov.au/media_library/conferences/paedophilia/buchanan.pdf
Australian Institute of Criminology Conference Pedophilia : Policy & Prevention University of Sydney, 14 April 1997 Homosexual ‘Pedophilia’ and the NSW Police Royal Commission David Buchanan1 * More than anyone else, the New South Wales Royal Commission into the NSW Police Service has been instrumental in fixing in the popular mind the ideas that all men who have sex with underage boys are pedophiles and that, generally, pedophiles are men who have sex with underage boys. The purpose of this paper is to analyse that development from a perspective within the Sydney gay male community.2 An investigation into corrupt policing of pedophile activities From the moment in December 1994 when the Royal Commission’s terms of reference were amended to include pedophilia and pederasty3 it was clear the gay male communities in Australia were in for a bumpy ride. The pressure to set up this Royal Commission came from the floor of the NSW Legislative Assembly. While the impetus for its establishment came principally from a veteran parliamentary opponent of corruption, Mr Steve Hatton MLA, the inspiration for the amendments came principally from a parliamentarian obsessed with the subject of homosexual pedophiles in high places, Mrs Diedre Grusovin MLA. Not content to commission an investigation into pedophilia, by the amendment of December 1994 the Legislative Assembly specifically focussed on the subjectmatter of “pederasty” - homosexual relationships between male adults and boys,4 and called for investigation to go back as far as 1983 and earlier if necessary. The political background to the reference was an ongoing sensationalist controversy generated by Mrs Grusovin over the supposed existence of a "circle" of homosexual pedophiles in "high places" in Sydney who had some sort of police protection. As with many aspects of this paper, what follows must be read subject to the caveat that the Royal Commission is yet to report - but it has to be said that the reports of the now concluded, extensive public hearings of the Royal Commission into pedophilia have revealed no such circle. The most prominent of those mentioned in evidence as possibly having any sort of corrupt relationship with police were the late former Justice David Yeldham and one wealthy businessman, currently the subject of proceedings for his extradition from South Africa.5 No connection between the two has been suggested, and the published reports show that Yeldham was interested in no more than sexual contact with men at gay ‘beats’. 6 Again, remembering its report on its pedophile reference has still to be delivered, it seems the conclusion to be drawn is that, in relation to police attention to pedophile activities, the Royal Commission has achieved little that can be regarded as positive other than to reveal the masterly inactivity of the Police Service, the established Christian churches and the NSW Departments of Community Services and Education when it came to investigating complaints of child sexual abuse by teachers and ministers of religion. The lack of evidence of a circle of homosexual pedophiles under corrupt police protection did not deter the Royal Commission from embarking with enthusiasm upon a detailed examination of decades-old homosexual relations between adult males and what, if it happened now, would be regarded as underage boys. That police corruption in relation to the conduct of gay bars which served alcohol might have had something to do with the facts that all homosexual behaviour which is now legal was then illegal, and that homosexuality was even more stigmatised then than it is today, seems to not to have been understood at all. If the Royal Commissioner, Justice Jim Wood, sought an amendment of his terms of reference7 so that a rational basis for inquiry might not be so skewed by the word “pederasty” toward homosexual relationships between adult men and boys, then such an attempt received no publicity. Instead, publicly the Commissioner took his lead from the presence of the word “pederasts” in the terms of reference.8 The Royal Commission’s definition of pedophilia The Royal Commission decided to interpret its pedophilia/pederasty terms of reference as meaning sexual relationships between adult men and children who would, if the events concerned had happened after 1984, have been underage,9 and thus the relationships now illegal.10 The result was that if a homosexual relationship involved a youth under the age of 18 or a heterosexual relationship involved a girl under the age of 16, the Royal Commission was interested.11 The fact that, for the purposes of its investigations, these ages differed from each other and from ages of consent in other, comparable countries12 does not seem to have troubled the Royal Commission. In its evidence taking on aspects of the homosexual community in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Commission used the terms “paedophile” and pederast” interchangeably.13 The discrepancy with the scientific definition The discrepancy between the Royal Commission’s definitional approach to its pedophilia reference (as it has usually been termed) and the scientific definition of pedophilia has received very little treatment generally and none in the popular media. We must await the Royal Commission’s report for enlightenment as to its reasons for ignoring the discrepancy. The fact is of course that pedophilia is not sex between adult men and boys under the legal age of consent. The scientific definition of pedophilia has for a long time been sexual activity with a prepubescent child (generally aged 13 years or younger), or fantasies or urges to engage in such behaviour.14 Even a more discursive approach would still have pedophilia referring to “sexual attraction to the very young”.15 It is difficult to see how it could sensibly argued that the Royal Commission was compelled by the presence in its terms of reference of the unscientific word “pederasts”16 to ignore the scientific definition of the more modern term, “paedophiles”. Rather, it would seem the Royal Commission sniffed the political wind and simply took what might be regarded as the “safe” option of plumbing for that which is illegal now and fitting that definition to the task it was set by its terms of reference. The Royal Commission seemed untroubled in its public hearings17 and reportedly in its investigations18 that it was, occasionally, examining sexual activities between men and youths as old as 17 and indeed well over the age of 18. Reports of Royal Commission investigations of overage heterosexual sex cannot be found. Resulting increase in homophobic stigma One of the Royal Commission’s tools was well-publicised public hearings. This a recognised and familiar pattern of operation, particularly where an arm of the state is set up to combat entrenched interests, particularly corrupt interests. Public hearings have an important role as a public educative function. 19 Further, whilst public inquisitorial proceedings risk unwarranted damage to reputations, the pejorative nature of the term “Star Chamber” typifies the strong argument against secret hearings generally. The NSW Police Royal Commission’s hearings into pedophilia, however, focussed in large measure on homosexual underage sex. Apart from pointing to the instruction to investigate “pederasty”, the argument for the Royal Commission essentially came down to this: because homosexual underage sex of the kind investigated occurred more visibly that heterosexual underage sex, which occurred more in the family home, it was easier to police. And investigating the efficacy of policing was what the Royal Commission was all about. 20 A consequence of this focus, however, was the distinct impression via the media that the problem of pedophilia was confined to homosexual underage sex.21 This impression found a receptive audience in the public mind because of existing stigma against homosexuality and because of the false stereotype that adult homosexual men prey upon young boys. High profile media commentators noted for their homophobia had a field day.22 It goes without saying that the media is a critical factor in social conditioning and that the exposure of a population over a period of time to so much material hostile to homosexuality has the potential both to buttress and to significantly increase the homophobic nature of society probably for generations. More particularly, the work of the Royal Commission fed the misconception that pedophilia is not just sex with a person under the age of consent, but homosexual sex: To a man each of the pedophiles interviewed by the Commission or the media so far has claimed to be a homosexual with an interest in young men but not a pedophile, despite evidence that each has had sex with boys barely into their teenage years and younger. 23 Incidence of child sex abuse The current state of knowledge about child sex abuse is that the vast bulk is perpetrated by adult men upon girls.24 At the height of media hysteria over homosexual pedophilia generated by Royal Commission hearings, the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare reported that 74% of all reported cases of child sex abuse concerned females.25 More pertinently, current data from the same source points the finger squarely at the heterosexual, nuclear family: A natural parent was believed responsible in 72% of substantiated cases, a step-parent in 6% and a de facto in 5%. 26 Another study, considered to be the most reliable to date, says only 8% of abusers were strangers with 41% being family members including biological relatives and step-fathers or adoptive fathers, with 75% of research subjects reporting the use of coercion.27 Child abuse experts, both academic and at the coalface, tried to be heard: The facts are quite clear. The vast majority of physical and emotional abuse occurs in the child’s own home, usually caused by a parent or caretaker. Only about one quarter of child sex abuse is caused by strangers. Most cases are caused by someone who is in a position of trust, who knows the child and who is often a family member. ... Concentrating on the minority of abusers is more comfortable than facing the fact that most abuse occurs in the child’s own home.28
What is clear is that the work of the NSW Police Royal Commission is considered to have diverted attention from a serious problem which, in terms of resources, is already inadequately addressed.29 Problems in equating all homosexual underage sex with child sex abuse The dogmatic equation of all adult-male-to-adolescent-male sexual contact with child sex abuse has plenty of adherents outside the NSW Police Royal Commission. There is no argument but that children who experience sexual contact with adults (or even other children) can risk serious and lasting psychological damage. This so irrespective of the gender of the child or the perpetrator. And the younger the child the greater the risk. However, there is also an argument for a closer examination of the situation of adolescent males who experience sexual attraction to other males. This argument arises from the markedly different situation of those youths from the situation of heterosexual children or, perhaps more accurately, children who do not have homosexual inclinations. Homosexual boys (and girls) experience their childhoods very differently from their heterosexual (or non-homosexual) peers. The climate of fear of discovery of their sexuality or merely of being perceived as homosexual is a major factor in determining how they develop as an adult - assuming they do not suicide first.30 Any analysis of adult-child sexual contact which ignores the marginalisation of homosexuality, homosexuals and homosexual sex in our society is unlikely to produce reliable conclusions.
Whether with older people or not, it is not unusual for adolescent males and females to who have their initial sexual experiences when they are under age (ie, under 16).31 Homosexual youth, however, do not have the same outlets for sexual experimentation as do their heterosexual peers. Gay sex is not only not taught in personal development courses - by the process of social conditioning it is made entirely taboo. It is impossible for gay children to learn anything positive about gay sex on the playground. Trying to establish any sort of rewarding relationship containing a sexual component with a peer can be a dangerous task indeed. Yet growing gay youth have the same needs and inclinations to learn about and experience sex and affection as do non-homosexual youth. One outlet gay kids have - one avenue to explore their budding sexuality - is not only already experienced gay people, often older homosexuals, but also homosexually active, heterosexual men. I would hypothesise that to a greater extent than their non-homosexual peers, homosexually-inclined adolescents seek out sexual contact with adult homosexually active men and women. There is an abundance of literature on the adverse impact of intergenerational sexual relationships. Surprisingly considering its demonised subject-matter, there is a body of literature, some of it Australian, on positively experienced intergenerational sexual relationships.32 Not so surprisingly, this body of knowledge, even when assembled empirically, is either ignored or else regarded even by other academics as something which should be reported to the police and thence to the Police Royal Commission.33 What can be said from it, however, is that it is simply incorrect to typify all intergenerational sexual relations as child sex abuse.
In justification of its approach to homosexual pedophilia, the Royal Commission pointed to the negative experiences of some of its witnesses,34 a cri de cœur taken up by the media.35 That real child sex abuse has devastating consequences for the victims is not in dispute.36 But it does not detract from the pressing need to address child sex abuse to ask some difficult questions about the role played in forensic cases of homosexual intergenerational sex of the social construction of homosexuality. Is there is ever - in self-reportage by males of the negative impacts experienced of what, on analysis, appear to be voluntary sexual relations with older men - an element of response to the knowledge that homosexual relations are taboo? In the hands of police officers and of parents anxious that their child not be homosexual,37 is there never any fear in the mind of the boy ‘victim’ whose sexual relationship with an older man has been discovered that unless he excuses his involvement by alleging coercion or bribery or some other fault in the older party he will be thought to be, nay accused of, being homosexual himself? How easy can it be for the younger partner in a recently discovered sexual relationship with a man to say he enjoyed it? And yet from empirical research we know that some youths both enjoy and in retrospect believe they profitted from sexual relations with an older man. Conclusion As a tool in the struggle to combat child sex abuse, the NSW Police Royal Commission has been a very blunt instrument. By its work on its pedophilia/pederasty reference, the Royal Commission has generated a false image of the true nature of homosexual pedophilia. It has propagated a view, now widely accepted, that all underage sex is pedophilia. Abetted by some politicians and journalists, the Royal Commission’s work has encouraged a view that homosexual sex is pedophilia. To this extent, it has done a signal disservice to the cause of reducing child sex abuse across Australia. It has done a signal disservice to the cause of reducing homophobia and homophobic violence. While it has yet to report, there is little sign in its public hearings that the Royal Commission understood the complex dynamics of homosexual intergenerational sexual transactions. The role played by society’s crippling fear of homosexuality was ignored. So pervasive has been the impact of the Royal Commission on the popular mind, there is a risk that generations of gay youth will suffer as a result. There is no excuse, however, for professionals in the areas of sociology, criminology, pediatrics, child sex abuse and law enforcement to swallow whole what the Royal Commission has dished up. Dispassionate judgment and careful analysis are required to strip away the falsehoods about homosexual men which are borne of fear and ignorance. Formation of public policy requires no less.
1 * Barrister, Sydney. 2 Generally, the subject of the impact of the activities of the Royal Commission upon the lives of lesbians (for an example of which, see Ackerman, note 21 below) is outside the scope of this paper. 3 The original letters patent were issued on 16 May 1994 and relevantly amended on 21 December. The relevant parts of the terms of reference as amended were - ... (d) The impartiality of the Police Service and other agencies in investigating and/or pursuing prosecutions including, but not limited to, paedophile activity; (d1) Whether any members of the Police Service have by act or omission protected paedophiles or pederasts from criminal investigation or prosecution and, in particular, the adequacy of investigations undertaken by the Police Service in relation to paedophiles or pederasts since 1983; however you may investigate any matters you deem necessary and relevant which may have occurred prior to 1983; (d2) Whether the procedures of, or the relationships between, the Police Service and other public authorities adversely affected police investigations and the prosecution, or attempted or failed prosecution, of paedophiles or pederasts; (d3) The conduct of public officials related to the matters referred to in paragraphs (d1) and (d2); (f) Any other matter appertaining to the aforesaid matters concerning possible criminal activity, neglect or violation of duty, the inquiry into which you consider to be in the public interest.
4 Definition taken from The Macquarie Dictionary 2nd ed, 1991, p.1307. 5 Significantly, although the extradition application is said to be in respect of some 215 charges, the report of the South African President's surrender consent ( Sydney Morning Herald, 21 January 1997, p.1) made no mention of a charge such as Bribery or Conspiracy to Pervert the Course of Justice. 6 See, eg, K McClymont “Yeldham's confession on day of his suicide” & M Brown “Judge feared blackmail over gay liaisons” Sydney Morning Herald, 11 December, 1996, p.1, ff.
7 As he did to secure amendments on 16 May 1995 and 23 October 1996 of the reporting deadline. 8 Statement of Commissioner Wood to the Sydney Morning Herald, 24 May 1996, p.8: “The Royal Commission is required expressly by its terms of reference to look at pederast activity as well as pedophile activity.” 9 The sources of the current ages of consent in NSW are s.78K Crimes Act 1900 for homosexual sex and s.66C(1) for heterosexual sex. S.78K was inserted at the time of the relative decriminalisation of homosexual sex by the Crimes (Amendment) Act 1984. 10 The Kafkaesque distortion of reality involved in treating as if it was legal, conduct which was, for most of the time being investigated, both as a matter of law and experience illegal and stigmatised, is deserving of another paper in itself. 11 Eg, transcript of Royal Commission public hearings, 16 May 1996, p. 25401, 20 May 1996, pp.25472, 25498. 12 Some 20 European countries have ages of consent lower than 16. The minimum age i s effectively 12 in the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal and Malta. It is 14 in Slovenia, Iceland, Montenegro, Serbia, Italy, San Marino and Albania and, in certain circumstances, Germany. All these countries’ laws apply equally to heterosexual and homosexual sex. 13 Eg, transcript, 16 May 1996, p.25401.
14 American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed (DSM-IV), 1994, pp.527-8. The World Health Organisation’s International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) (10th rev, 1992) defines paedophilia as “a sexual preference for children, boys or girls or both, usually of prepubertal or early pubertal age” (vol.1, p.367). 15 A Graycar, preface to M James Paedophilia, issues paper no.57, Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra, June 1996. 16 The word “paederast” comes from classic Greek, meaning “boy lover”, but in the eighteenth century it took on its connotation of sodomite or pertaining to sodomy: Oxford English Dictionary vol.VII, p.372. Interestingly, there is no entry in that early 20th century work for “paedophilia” or “paedophile”. 17 Eg, transcript 20 May 1996 pp.25506-7. 18 Eg, J Catt “Gay raids: Items seized by Police Royal Commission” Sydney Star-Observer 27 June 1996, no.309, pp.1,4; S Harben, C Phillips et al “Offense is where you find it” The Woodworm newsletter, no.2, Sydney, 10 August 1996, p.2. 19 See generally S Prasser “Royal Commissions and Public Inquiries: Scope and Uses” and G Sturgess “The NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption” in P Weller (ed.) Royal Commissions and The Making of Public Policy MacMillan, Melbourne, 1994, chaps. 1 & 8, esp. at 118.
20 Statement of Commissioner Wood to the Sydney Morning Herald, 25 May 1996, NR p.35: “... he noted that abuse outside the family was different from heterosexual abuse within families because it required police to be proactive, rather than reactive.” 21 As a result of the Royal Commission’s hearings into homosexual pedophilia, the Australian print and electronic media was awash over a roughly two year period with material on the subject. Attempts by the organised gay and lesbian communities to correct the record only resulted in hostile stories in even the broadsheet press: eg, “Wood is right to reject gay claims” The Australian (ed.) 30 May 1996; K McClymont “Gay backlash unfair in light of evidence” Sydney Morning Herald, 7 June 1996; A Meade “Wounded gay pride” Aust, 3 July 1996, p.11. The references to the late former Justice Yeldham, particularly the statements by Mrs Franca Arena MLC, continually assimilated the homosexual in him to “pedophilia”: eg, “MPs, judges ‘not investigated’ by commission” SMH 17 March 1997, p.3. Occasionally, features were published which called for balance and which tried to put differing degrees of adult/child sexual relations into perspective: eg, B Ellis “A quest for justice or sexual Macarthyism?” (sic) SMH, 8 November 1996; R Guilliatt “Sexual hysteria” SMH, 9 December 1996. 22 A classic was the call by Piers Ackerman for “the cancellation of the next Mardi Gras as a mark of respect for those collaterally damaged by homosexual activity”: “Time to look at the real issues: Pink lobby ignores the victims” Sunday Telegraph (Sydney), 26 May 1996, p.131 & The Sunday Times (Perth), 26 May 1996.
23 Ackerman, op cit. 24 Eg, see the references in M James ibid (note 14 above) pp-2-3; R K Oates “The Effects of Child Sexual Abuse” Australian Law Journal 1992;66:186. 25 R Kreisfeld and J Moller Injury amongst women in Australia (Australian Injury Prevention Bulletin no. 12), May 1996. 26 Summary in Sunday Telegraph (Sydney), 26 May 1996, p.44. 27 J M Fleming “Prevalence of childhood sexual abuse in a community sample of Australian women” Medical Journal of Australia 1997;166:65. 28 R K Oates, Professor of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, letter the editor, Sydney Morning Herald, 27 April 1996, p.32. See also S Voumard “Abuse of power puts girls at risk” The Age (Melbourne), 19 June 1996, and the reported statements of J Manning, co-ordinator, Advocates for Survivors of Child Abuse, T Wilson-Schembri, co-ordinator, Young Women’s Electoral Lobby, G Green, Centacare, I Van Beek, director, Kirketon Road Centre, and D Ginn, director, Child Abuse Prevention Service, SMH, 24 May 1996, p.8.
29 See statements of Family Studies Institute staff as to lack of resources to deal with the problem reported in Sunday Telegraph, 26 May 1996, ibid. 30 See, eg, G Remafedi “Male Homosexuality: The Adolescent’s Perspective” Pediatrics 1987(Mar);79:326-30, “Risk Factors for Attempted Suicide in Gay and Bisexual Youth” Pediatrics 1991;87(6):869-876, and “Homosexual Youth: A challenge to contemporary society” Journal of American Medical Association 1987:258(2):222-225; H Douek et al “Adolescent maltreatment: Themes from the empirical literature” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 1987(Jun);2(2):139-153; P Gibson “Gay Male and Lesbian Youth Suicide” in M Feinleib (ed.), Report on the Secretary’s Task Force on Youth Suicide vol.3, US Dept. of Health, 1989; A R D’Augelli “Lesbian and Gay Male Undergraduates’ Experiences of Harassment and Fear on Campus” Jo. Interpersonal Violence 1992(Sep);7(2):383-395; D Peatfield “Culture of suicide” Capital Q Weekly 17 June 1994, no.91, p.8; R Roberts, C McLean, J Reid School Abuse: An Autobiographical Study of the Experiences of Three Australian Gay Men at Primary and High School National Gay & Lesbian Health Assoc’n Conf, Minneapolis, 1995, unpublished; R Pollard “Sexuality and suicide” (interview of G Remafedi) Sydney Star-Observer 13 March 1997, no.345, p.7; D Passey “Schoolyard victims” Sydney Morning Herald, 5 April 1997, NR p.38; A Rollings “Gay bashing reported at primary schools” Sunday Age (Melbourne) 6 April 1997, p.3; D Plummer (as yet unpublished paper, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, ANU, Canberra, 1997). See also Suicide in Rural New South Wales Standing Committee of Legislative Council on Social Issues, NSW Parliament, 1994, pp.79-81.
31 The British National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, 1990-91, found that half of the almost 19,000 subjects, both heterosexual and homosexual, male and female, had their first sexual experience (not necessarily intercourse) before the age of 16, mostly after the age of 14. 32 See, eg, P Wilson The Man They Called A Monster: Sexual Experiences Between Men and Boys UQP/Cassell Australia, 1981; D Tsang (ed.) The Age Taboo: Gay Male Sexuality, Power and Consent Gay Men’s Press, London, 1981; T Sandfort The Sexual Aspects of Paedophile Relationships: The Experience of Twenty-Five Boys Pan/Spartacus, Amsterdam, 1982; G Bennett Gay Youth, Deviant Subculture or Misrecognized Category 4th yr hons thesis, School of Sociology, UNSW, 1982; P Rossman Sexual Experience Between Men and Boys Maurice Temple Smith, Hounslow, Middlesex, England, 1985; T Leahy “Positively Experienced Man/Boy Sex: The Discourse of Seduction and the Social Construction of Masculinity” Aust & NZ Jo of Sociology 1992(Mar);28(1):71-88; T Leahy “The Subject as Strategist of Discourse: Approaches to the Prohibition of Intergenerational Sex” Social Semiotics (1994;4(1-2):71-100; T Leahy “Sex and the Age of Consent: The Ethical Issues” Social Analysis 1996(Apr);39:27-55. 33 C Sutton “Fears of academic witch hunt” Sun-Herald (Sydney) 26 May 1996 p.9.
34 Eg, transcript, 20 May 1996, p.25549. 35 See note 20 above. 36 By “real child sex abuse” I denote the conduct of men who make use of unwilling children to gratify sexual desires or to exercise power. (See in particular T Leahy, Submission to the Royal Commission Into the NSW Police Service , 1996, p.5.) 37 Eg, the reported claim by the father of Christopher Taskalos that his son is not homosexual, just greedy! Sun-Herald, 6 April 1997.